| 1. |
- Alfredsson, Joakim, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Randomized comparison of early supplemental oxygen versus ambient air in patients with confirmed myocardial infarction : Sex-related outcomes from DETO2X-AMI
- 2021
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Ingår i: American Heart Journal. - : Mosby Inc.. - 0002-8703 .- 1097-6744. ; 237, s. 13-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of oxygen therapy on cardiovascular outcomes in relation to sex in patients with confirmed myocardial infarction (MI).Methods: The DETermination of the role of Oxygen in suspected Acute Myocardial Infarction trial randomized 6,629 patients to oxygen at 6 L/min for 6-12 hours or ambient air. In the present subgroup analysis including 5,010 patients (1,388 women and 3,622 men) with confirmed MI, we report the effect of supplemental oxygen on the composite of all-cause death, rehospitalization with MI, or heart failure at long-term follow-up, stratified according to sex.Results: Event rate for the composite endpoint was 18.1% in women allocated to oxygen, compared to 21.4% in women allocated to ambient air (hazard ratio [HR] 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65-1.05). In men, the incidence was 13.6% in patients allocated to oxygen compared to 13.3% in patients allocated to ambient air (HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.86-1.23). No significant interaction in relation to sex was found (P=.16). Irrespective of allocated treatment, the composite endpoint occurred more often in women compared to men (19.7 vs 13.4%, HR 1.51; 95% CI, 1.30-1.75). After adjustment for age alone, there was no difference between the sexes (HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.91-1.24), which remained consistent after multivariate adjustment.Conclusion: Oxygen therapy in normoxemic MI patients did not significantly affect all-cause mortality or rehospitalization for MI or heart failure in women or men. The observed worse outcome in women was explained by differences in baseline characteristics, especially age
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| 3. |
- Björklund, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Admission N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and its interaction with admission troponin T and ST segment resolution for early risk stratification in ST elevation myocardial infarction
- 2006
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Ingår i: Heart. - : BMJ Publishing Group. - 1468-201X .- 1355-6037. ; 92:6, s. 735-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To assess the long term prognostic value of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) on admission and its prognostic interaction with both admission troponin T (TnT) concentrations and resolution of ST segment elevation in fibrinolytic treated ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). DESIGN AND SETTING: Substudy of the ASSENT (assessment of the safety and efficacy of a new thrombolytic) -2 and ASSENT-PLUS trials. PATIENTS: NT-proBNP and TnT concentrations were determined on admission in 782 patients. According to NT-proBNP concentrations, patients were divided into three groups: normal concentration (for patients < or = 65 years, < or = 184 ng/l and < or = 268 ng/l and for those > 65 years, < or = 269 ng/l and < or = 391 ng/l in men and women, respectively); higher than normal but less than the median concentration (742 ng/l); and above the median concentration. For TnT, a cut off of 0.1 microg/l was used. Of the 782 patients, 456 had ST segment resolution (< 50% or > or = 50%) at 60 minutes calculated from ST monitoring. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: All cause one year mortality. RESULTS: One year mortality increased stepwise according to increasing concentrations of NT-proBNP (3.4%, 6.5%, and 23.5%, respectively, p < 0.001). In receiver operating characteristic analysis, NT-proBNP strongly trended to be associated more with mortality than TnT and time to 50% ST resolution (area under the curve 0.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.72 to 0.9, 0.67, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.79, and 0.66, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.77, respectively). In a multivariable analysis adjusted for baseline risk factors and TnT, both raised NT-proBNP and ST resolution < 50% were independently associated with higher one year mortality, whereas raised TnT contributed independently only before information on ST resolution was added to the model. CONCLUSION: Admission NT-proBNP is a strong independent predictor of mortality and gives, together with 50% ST resolution at 60 minutes, important prognostic information even after adjustment for TnT and baseline characteristics in STEMI.
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| 4. |
- Bäck, Maria, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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The SWEDEHEART secondary prevention and cardiac rehabilitation registry (SWEDEHEART CR registry)
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal-Quality of Care and Clinical Outcomes. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2058-5225 .- 2058-1742. ; 7:5, s. 431-437
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims The quality registry SWEDEHEART covers data across the patient pathway after an acute myocardial infarction (MI), from hospital care to secondary prevention. Although cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is strongly recommended after an MI, there is still heterogeneity regarding standards, uptake, and adherence rates. The aim of the SWEDEHEART-CR registry is to provide continuous information on secondary prevention and CR performance to support the audit and development of evidence-based practice. To facilitate quality improvement and research initiatives, a description of the characteristics and development of the SWEDEHEART-CR registry is needed. Methods and results The SWEDEHEART-CR registry starts with data obtained during hospital care and then collects data at out-patient visits 2 months and 1-year after discharge, and at start and end of an exercise-based CR programme. The registry data covers comorbidities, biochemistry, blood pressure, anthropometric variables, medication, psychosocial- and lifestyle variables, readmissions, patient-reported outcome measures, attendance in CR-related programmes, and physical fitness variables. Over 100 000 patients with MI have been included in the SWEDEHEART-CR registry since its start in 2005. From initially covering 35 centres (47%) and 2200 patients annually (27%), SWEDEHEART-CR has developed to a nation-wide registry with 75 centres (100%) and 8800 patients annually (80%) in 2020. Conclusion The SWEDEHEART-CR registry includes a high proportion of the national MI population entering a CR programme and is a powerful tool for quality audit, improvement, and research. The registry provides insights into the characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of evidence-based secondary preventive practice, ultimately leading to better cardiovascular health.
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| 5. |
- Edfors, R., et al.
(författare)
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Use of proteomics to identify biomarkers associated with chronic kidney disease and long-term outcomes in patients with myocardial infarction
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 288:5, s. 581-592
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have poor outcomes following myocardial infarction (MI). We performed an untargeted examination of 175 biomarkers to identify those with the strongest association with CKD and to examine the association of those biomarkers with long-term outcomes. Methods A total of 175 different biomarkers from MI patients enrolled in the Swedish Web-System for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-Based Care in Heart Disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies (SWEDEHEART) registry were analysed either by a multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry assay or by a multiplex assay (proximity extension assay). Random forests statistical models were used to assess the predictor importance of biomarkers, CKD and outcomes. Results A total of 1098 MI patients with a median estimated glomerular filtration rate of 85 mL min(-1)/1.73 m(2)were followed for a median of 3.2 years. The random forests analyses, without and with adjustment for differences in demography, comorbidities and severity of disease, identified six biomarkers (adrenomedullin, TNF receptor-1, adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein-4, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 2, growth differentiation factor-15 and TNF receptor-2) to be strongly associated with CKD. All six biomarkers were also amongst the 15 strongest predictors for death, and four of them were amongst the strongest predictors of subsequent MI and heart failure hospitalization. Conclusion In patients with MI, a proteomic approach could identify six biomarkers that best predicted CKD. These biomarkers were also amongst the most important predictors of long-term outcomes. Thus, these biomarkers indicate underlying mechanisms that may contribute to the poor prognosis seen in patients with MI and CKD.
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| 6. |
- Eggers, Kai M., 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T, left ventricular function, and outcome in non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome
- 2018
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Ingår i: American Heart Journal. - : MOSBY-ELSEVIER. - 0002-8703 .- 1097-6744. ; 197, s. 70-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Cardiac troponin (cTn) levels reflect infarct size and depressed left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS). However, there is very limited information on whether cTn measured with a high-sensitivity (hs) assay would provide incremental prognostic information to the LVEF in NSTE-ACS patients. Methods This was a registry-based study (SWEDEHEART registry) investigating 20,652 NSTE-ACS patients with available information on hs-cTnT (highest level recorded during the hospitalization) and the LVEF estimated using echocardiography. All patients had been followed for 1 year. Results Hs-cTnT levels independently predicted major cardiovascular events (MACE) in cohorts with normal, slightly depressed, moderately depressed, and severely depressed LVEF. The adjusted hazard ratios in these cohorts were 1.18 (95% CI 1.13-1.23), 1.12 (95% CI 1.06-1.18), 1.12 (95% CI 1.06-1.19), and 1.21 (95% CI 1.13-1.30), respectively. Hs-cTnT levels were particularly predictive for cardiovascular mortality and readmission for heart failure. Excluding patients with previous cardiac disease did not affect the overall interrelations of hs-cTnT and LVEF with MACE. Conclusions Hs-cTnT levels provide incremental prognostic value independent of the LVEF in patients with NSTE-ACS. Hs-cTnT is particularly predictive for MACE in patients with severely depressed LVEF but also in those with a normal LVEF. Accordingly, a normal LVEF should not be used as an argument not to target patients to thorough workup.
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| 7. |
- Eggers, Kai M., 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Morbidity and cause-specific mortality in first-time myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 285:4, s. 419-428
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Myocardial infarction (MI) with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is receiving increasing interest as a prognostically adverse entity distinct from myocardial infarction with significant coronary artery disease (MI-CAD). However, data are still limited regarding long-term cardiovascular morbidity and cause-specific mortality in MINOCA.METHODS: This is a registry-based cohort study using data from patients admitted to Swedish coronary care units. We investigated various nonfatal outcomes (recurrent MI, hospitalization for heart failure or stroke) and fatal outcomes (cardiovascular, respiratory or cancer-related mortality) in 4069 patients without apparent acute cardiovascular disease, used as non-MI controls, 7266 patients with first-time MINOCA and 69 267 patients with first-time MI-CAD.RESULTS: Almost all event rates (median follow-up 3.8 years) increased in a stepwise fashion across the three cohorts [rates of major adverse events (MAE; composite of all-cause mortality, recurrent MI, hospitalization for heart failure or stroke): n = 268 (6.6%), n = 1563 (21.5%), n = 17 777 (25.7%), respectively]. Compared to non-MI controls, MINOCA patients had an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 2.12 (95% confidence interval 1.84-2.43) regarding MAE. MINOCA patients had a substantial risk of cardiovascular mortality and the highest numerical risks of respiratory and cancer-related mortality. Male sex, previous heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease had a stronger prognostic impact in MINOCA than in MI-CAD. Female MINOCA patients with atrial fibrillation were at particular risk.CONCLUSIONS: Patients with first-time MINOCA have a considerable risk of adverse events. This stresses the need for a comprehensive search of the cause of MINOCA, thorough treatment of underlying disease triggers and close follow-up.
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| 8. |
- Eggers, Kai M., 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries : The Importance of Achieving Secondary Prevention Targets
- 2018
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Ingår i: American Journal of Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0002-9343 .- 1555-7162. ; 131:5, s. 524-531
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Around 5-10% of all myocardial infarction patients have non-obstructive coronary arteries. Studies investigating the importance of follow-up and achievement of conventional secondary prevention targets in these patients are lacking.METHODS: In this analysis from the SWEDEHEART registry, we investigated 5830 myocardial infarction patients with non-obstructive coronary arteries (group 1) and 54,637 myocardial infarction patients with significant coronary artery disease (≥50% stenosis; group 2). Multivariable- and propensity score-adjusted statistics were used to assess the reduction in the one-year risk of major adverse events associated with prespecified secondary preventive measures: participation in follow-up at 6-10 weeks after the hospitalization; achievement of secondary prevention targets (blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the target ranges, non-smoking, participation in exercise training).RESULTS: Patients in group 1 were less often followed up compared to patients in group 2 and less often achieved any of the secondary prevention targets. Participation in the 6-10 week follow-up was associated with a 3-20% risk reduction in group 1, similar as for group 2 according to interaction analysis. The improvement in outcome in group 1 was mainly mediated by achieving target range low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (24-32% risk reduction) and, to a smaller extent, by participation in exercise training (10-23% risk reduction).CONCLUSIONS: Selected secondary preventive measures are associated with prognostic benefit in myocardial infarction patients with non-obstructive coronary arteries, in particular achieving target range low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Our results indicate that these patients should receive similar follow-up as myocardial infarction patients with significant coronary stenoses.
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| 9. |
- Eggers, Kai M., 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Risk-associated management disparities in acute myocardial infarction.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite improvements in the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI), risk-associated management disparities may exist. We investigated this issue including temporal trends in a large MI cohort (n = 179,291) registered 2005-2017 in SWEDEHEART. Multivariable models were used to study the associations between risk categories according to the GRACE 2.0 score and coronary procedures (timely reperfusion, invasive assessment ≤ 3 days, in-hospital coronary revascularization), pharmacological treatments (P2Y12-blockers, betablockers, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system [RAAS]-inhibitors, statins), structured follow-up and secondary prevention (smoking cessation, physical exercise training). High-risk patients (n = 76,295 [42.6%]) experienced less frequent medical interventions compared to low/intermediate-risk patients apart from betablocker treatment. Overall, intervention rates increased over time with more pronounced increases seen in high-risk patients compared to lower-risk patients for in-hospital coronary revascularization (+ 23.6% vs. + 12.5% in patients < 80 years) and medication with P2Y12-blockers (+ 22.2% vs. + 7.8%). However, less pronounced temporal increases were noted in high-risk patients for medication with RAAS-blockers (+ 8.5% vs. + 13.0%) and structured follow-up (+ 31.6% vs. + 36.3%); pinteraction < 0.001 for all. In conclusion, management of high-risk patients with MI is improving. However, the lower rates of follow-up and of RAAS-inhibitor prescription are a concern. Our data emphasize the need of continuous quality improvement initiatives.
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