| 1. |
- Holmberg, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Towards 10-nm Soft X-Ray Zone Plate Fabrication
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper the latest efforts to improve our nanofabrication process for soft x‐ray zone plates is presented. The resolving power, which is proportional to the smallest outermost zone width of the zone plate, is increased by introducing cold development of the electron beam resist that is used for the patterning. With this process we have fabricated Ni zone plates with 13‐nm outermost zone and shown potential for making 11‐nm half‐pitch lines in the electron beam resist. Maintaining the diffraction efficiency of the zone plate is a great concern when the outermost zone width is decreased. To resolve this problem we have developed the so‐called Ni‐Ge zone plate in which the zone plate is build up by Ni and Ge, resulting in an increase of the diffraction efficiency. In a proof‐of‐principle experiment with 25‐nm Ni‐Ge zone plates, we have shown a doubling of the diffraction efficiency. When combined with cold development, the Ni‐Ge process has been shown to work down to 16‐nm half‐pitch. It is plausible that further refinement of the process will make it possible to go to 10‐nm outermost zone widths.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Agardh, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Prediction of silent celiac disease at diagnosis of childhood type 1 diabetes by tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies and HLA
- 2001
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Ingår i: Pediatric Diabetes. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1399-543X. ; 2:2, s. 58-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The aims were to estimate the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of autoantibodies to tissue transglutaminase (IgA- and IgG-tTG), gliadin (AGA) and endomysium (EMA) in relation to human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQB1 alleles to identify silent celiac disease at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. Methods: IgA- and IgG-tTG were measured in radioligand binding assays in 165 type 1 diabetic patients. Data on HLA-DQB1 were available for 148 patients and on both AGA and EMA for 164 patients. For patients considered positive for AGA or EMA, or both, an intestinal biopsy was suggested. HLA-DQB1 typing was carried out by polymerase chain reaction and hybridization with allele specific probes. Results: Three patients, left out from further study of antibodies, but not from HLA-DQB1 analysis, had treated celiac disease at diagnosis. Out of the other 162 type 1 diabetic patients tested, nine had IgA-tTG, six IgG-tTG, eight EMA, and 11 AGA. Biopsy was suggested for nine patients, of whom six showed villous atrophy, one did not and two refused to participate. Thus, silent celiac disease was probable in 8/162 and biopsy-verified in 6/162, where five patients were AGA-positive and six either EMA-, IgA-tTG- or IgG-tTG-positive. Of the 11 patients with celiac disease (three with treated and eight with silent celiac disease), 10 were HLA-DQB1-typed, of whom 65% (13/20) had the DQB1*02 allele, compared with 36% (100/276; p = 0.011) of those without celiac disease. IgA-tTG levels were higher in patients having either *02 or *0302 (0.6; −1.3–112.4 RU) compared with those not having these alleles (0.4; −0.7–3.4 RU; p = 0.023). Conclusion: IgA-tTG are HLA-DQB1*02-associated autoantibodies with high sensitivity and specificity for silent celiac disease at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Oscar, et al.
(författare)
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Digitalization of Process Planning of Spot Welding in Body-in-white
- 2016
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Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 2212-8271. ; , s. 618-623
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Process planning of spot welding for body-in-white automobile structures involves several experimental (physical) welding trials to set the process parameters. These experimental trials are crucial in ensuring the quality and efficiency of the process. However, due to the iterative nature of the work, running several experiments is costly and time consuming prolonging the overall development cost and time significantly. To minimize the cost and time, replacing the physical tests by digital (virtual) tests is an established approach although not often applied for spot welding. However, for a long chain of development process with several iterative loops, this is not a trivial task considering the availability of information and continuity of the work flow. This paper reports the work and results of an industrial case study conducted on spot welding of a body-in-white car pillar in a Swedish auto manufacturer. The aim of the study is to investigate and propose the necessary conditions required to replace a physical test by virtual tests in terms of validity and expedited execution of the process. Information sharing, knowledge reuse and streamlining the work flow have found to be critical condition for valid and rapid virtual tests. © 2016 The Authors.
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| 5. |
- Ansari, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnosis and management of duodenal perforations : a narrative review
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7708 .- 0036-5521. ; 54:8, s. 939-944
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Duodenal perforation is a rare, but potentially life-threatening injury. Multiple etiologies are associated with duodenal perforations such as peptic ulcer disease, iatrogenic causes and trauma. Computed tomography with intravenous and oral contrast is the most valuable imaging technique to identify duodenal perforation. In some cases, surgical exploration may be necessary for diagnosis. Specific treatment depends upon the nature of the disease process that caused the perforation, the timing, location and extent of the injury and the clinical condition of the patient. Conservative management seems to be feasible in stable patients with sealed perforations. Immediate surgery is required for patients presenting with peritonitis and/or intra-abdominal sepsis. Minimally invasive techniques are safe and effective alternatives to conventional open surgery in selected patients with duodenal perforations. Here we review the current literature on duodenal perforations and discuss the outcomes of different treatment strategies.
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| 6. |
- Ansari, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Surveillance after surgery for pancreatic cancer : a global scoping review of guidelines and a nordic survey of contemporary practice
- 2024
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Most patients with pancreatic cancer who have undergone surgical resection eventually develop disease recurrence. This study aimed to investigate whether there is evidence to support routine surveillance after pancreatic cancer surgery, with a secondary aim of analyzing the implementation of surveillance strategies in the Nordic countries.Materials and Methods: A scoping review was conducted to identify clinical practice guidelines globally and research studies relating to surveillance after pancreatic cancer resection. This was followed by a survey among 20 pancreatic units from four Nordic countries to assess their current practice of follow-up for operated patients.Results: Altogether 16 clinical practice guidelines and 17 research studies were included. The guidelines provided inconsistent recommendations regarding postoperative surveillance of pancreatic cancer. The clinical research data were mainly based on retrospective cohort studies with low level of evidence and lead-time bias was not addressed. Active surveillance was recommended in Sweden and Denmark, but not in Norway beyond the post-operative/adjuvant period. Finland had no national recommendations for surveillance. The Nordic survey revealed a wide variation in reported practice among the different units. About 75% (15 of 20 units) performed routine postoperative surveillance. Routine CA 19-9 testing was used by 80% and routine CT by 67% as part of surveillance. About 73% of centers continued follow-up until 5 years postoperatively.Conclusion: Evidence for routine long-term (i.e. 5 years) surveillance after pancreatic cancer surgery remains limited. Most pancreatic units in the Nordic countries conduct regular follow-up, but protocols vary.
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| 7. |
- Aspelin, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Preservice special educators' relational competence in virtual simulations with avatars
- 2024
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Ingår i: Teacher Educator. - : Taylor and Francis Ltd.. - 0887-8730 .- 1938-8101.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research shows that relational competence is essential in teacher education, including special education teacher training. It also shows that virtual simulations using avatars are useful for developing teacher competencies. However, there is a research gap regarding how virtual simulations can be utilized to develop relational competences. The present study has two purposes: (1) to explore preservice special educators’ (PSEs) relational competence in an avatar context, and (2) to delineate research-based guidelines for using avatars to enhance relational competence. The data comprise video observations of virtual simulations and interviews with PSEs. The results show that PSEs perceive relational competence as a pedagogical approach and, mainly, as an organization of interaction. Furthermore, relational competence is manifested by different degrees of communication attunement. The guidelines suggest that teacher educators should direct PSEs toward the pedagogical approach and a high degree of attunement. Overall, avatar simulations are useful for training teachers in relational competence.
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| 8. |
- Barlow, Lotti, et al.
(författare)
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Nationellt fackspråk för vård och omsorg : Slutrapport
- 2011
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- SammanfattningEtt tillgängligt och använt nationellt fackspråk ska bidra till en god och säker vård och omsorg. Det ska även medverka till att kvaliteten och resultaten på området ska kunna följas upp och jämföras på ett mer effektivt sätt. Slutrapporten presenterar resultatet av projektet Nationellt fackspråk för vård och omsorg samt förslag till förvaltning och utveckling.ResultatetResultatet innefattar bland annat att det internationella begreppssystemet Snomed CT är översatt till svenska och att det är förberett för förvaltning och distribution. Socialstyrelsen har även tagit fram och testat metoder för förvaltning och utveckling av det nationella fackspråket i sin helhet. Därtill har representanter för målgrupperna informerats och fått kunskap.Rapporten innehåller en utförlig beskrivning av det nationella fackspråkets sammantagna innehåll: Socialstyrelsens termbank, klassifikationer och kodverk, den svenska versionen av Snomed CT, metoder för utveckling och förvaltning samt regler för användning.Förvaltning, införande och resursbehovI rapporten finns förslag till hur hela det nationella fackspråket kan tas omhand av Socialstyrelsen och hur det kan införas i vården och omsorgen. Projektets övergång till en långsiktigt hållbar organisation kräver resurser. Därför redogör rapporten för det förväntade resursbehovet för förvaltning och utveckling. Bland annat föreslås en treårig utbildningsinsats samt stimulansbidrag för införande.Krav på styrning, samordning och förtydligat ansvarRapporten betonar behovet av en samlad och medveten styrning av utvecklingen inom området. Socialstyrelsen vill ha en samordnande roll i utvecklingen och förvaltningen av det nationella fackspråket. Myndigheten föreslås få det initiala ansvaret för att utbilda användare och att driva frågor om det nationella fackspråket.Vidare vill Socialstyrelsen få ett uttalat mandat att samordna de nationella aktiviteter som drivs med koppling till Snomed CT. Rapporten pekar ut några särskilt prioriterade områden som myndigheten borde få i uppdrag att arbeta vidare inom.Kunskapsstyrning och normgivningEn viktig slutsats i rapporten är att användningen av det nationella fackspråket behöver regleras för att målet om ökad säkerhet för klienter och patienter ska kunna uppnås. I dagsläget bedöms föreskrifter vara den metod som bäst kan garantera ett brett genomförande.Målgrupper för slutrapportenSlutrapporten riktar sig till beslutsfattare i kommuner och landsting, vård- och omsorgspersonal med särskilt intresse eller ansvar för dokumentationsfrågor och professionella organisationer. Den riktar sig också till terminologiansvariga i kommuner och landsting, IT-direktörer, IT-leverantörer samt aktörer inom den nationella strategin för eHälsa.
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| 9. |
- Berggren, Daniel Moreno, et al.
(författare)
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Prognostic scoring systems for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) in a population-based setting : a report from the Swedish MDS register
- 2018
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Ingår i: British Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1048 .- 1365-2141. ; 181:5, s. 614-627
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) have highly variable outcomes and prognostic scoring systems are important tools for risk assessment and to guide therapeutic decisions. However, few population-based studies have compared the value of the different scoring systems. With data from the nationwide Swedish population-based MDS register we validated the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS), revised IPSS (IPSS-R) and the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification-based Prognostic Scoring System (WPSS). We also present population-based data on incidence, clinical characteristics including detailed cytogenetics and outcome from the register. The study encompassed 1329 patients reported to the register between 2009 and 2013, 14% of these had therapy-related MDS (t-MDS). Based on the MDS register, the yearly crude incidence of MDS in Sweden was 2.9 per 100000 inhabitants. IPSS-R had a significantly better prognostic power than IPSS (P < 0001). There was a trend for better prognostic power of IPSS-R compared to WPSS (P=0.05) and for WPSS compared to IPSS (P=0.07). IPSS-R was superior to both IPSS and WPSS for patients aged <= 70years. Patients with t-MDS had a worse outcome compared to de novo MDS (d-MDS), however, the validity of the prognostic scoring systems was comparable for d-MDS and t-MDS. In conclusion, population-based studies are important to validate prognostic scores in a real-world' setting. In our nationwide cohort, the IPSS-R showed the best predictive power.
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| 10. |
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