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Sökning: WFRF:(Lindberg Eva) > Mälardalens universitet

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1.
  • Dahlquist, Erik, 1951-, et al. (författare)
  • Combined solar power and TPV
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Conference proceedings WREC 2011 in Linköping, Sweden, May 8-11, 2011. - Linköping : Linköping University Press. - 9789173930703 ; , s. 1-4240
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this paper design for a combined TPV and solar power system for local heat and power production is discussed. PV cells are producing electricity when there is light, while TPV cells are used when it is dark. Biomass is combusted and the heat is generating photons for the TPV system. Higher combustion temperature will give higher electric output, but also stronger deterioration of the materials in the combustor. By combining PV-cells that will generate a lot of electric power summer time with TPV-cells that can generate electric power winter time, when we also normally have a higher heat demand, we can achieve a flexible local heat and power system all year round. As both systems generate DC-power, we also can see a potential to use DC components generally, e.g for charging batteries for electrical vehicles, DC-pumps, LED-lamps etc. Design criteria for the systems are discussed in this paper for a house that is principally self sufficient on energy. Both theoretical and practical obstacles are discussed, as there are a number of issues to solve before the technique can be used in ”real life”.
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2.
  • Demmelmaier, Ingrid, et al. (författare)
  • The associations between pain intensity, psychosocial variables, and pain duration/recurrence in a large sample of persons with nonspecific spinal pain
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: The Clinical Journal of Pain. - 0749-8047 .- 1536-5409. ; 24:7, s. 611-619
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objectives: The aims of this study were: (1) to describe and compare pain intensity, disability, cognitive, physical, behavioral, and environmental variables in 4 predefined categories, on the basis of duration and recurrence of nonspecific spinal pain; and (2) to compare disability, cognitive, physical, behavioral, and environmental variables in these 4 predefined categories, after controlling for pain intensity. Methods: Postal questionnaires were sent to a random sample of 5000 persons, aged 20 to 50 years, in Sweden. The response rate was 39%. One thousand and twenty-four participants reporting spinal pain were divided into 4 predefined categories (n=100, 215, 172, and 537) based on duration and recurrence of pain. Multivariate analyses of variance and covariance were performed to investigate differences between the 4 pain duration/recurrence groups. Results: The first analyses revealed that the 4 pain duration/recurrence groups differed in pain intensity, disability, 7 cognitive variables, and perceived social support. After controlling for pain intensity, small but significant group differences were identified in depression, catastrophizing, pain expectations, and perceived social support. Higher levels of catastrophizing and pain expectations and lower levels of perceived social support were seen in groups with longer duration of pain. Discussion: After controlling for pain intensity, categories based on pain duration/recurrence differed in 3 cognitive variables and perceived social support. Pain expectations, catastrophizing and perceived social support were related to longer duration of pain. Between-group differences were small and pain duration/recurrence was not an important explanatory factor.
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3.
  • Denison, Eva, et al. (författare)
  • Musculoskeletal pain in primary health care : subgroups based on pain intensity, disability, self-efficacy, and fear-avoidance variables
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Journal of Pain. - : Elsevier BV. - 1526-5900 .- 1528-8447. ; 8:1, s. 67-74
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The purpose of this study was to identify and describe subgroup profiles based on self-reported pain intensity, disability, self-efficacy, fear of movement/(re)injury, and catastrophizing in patients with musculoskeletal pain. Two primary health care samples (n = 215 and n = 161) were used. Self-report questionnaires were completed at the start of physical therapy treatment. Cluster analysis was used to generate subgroups. Three subgroups were identified in sample 1 and replicated in sample 2. These were labeled "High self-efficacy-Low fear-avoidance," "Low self-efficacy-Low fear-avoidance," and "Low self-efficacy-High fear-avoidance." The subgroups differed significantly in work-status in both samples (P < .001), but not in age, gender, or duration of pain. The results show the presence of subgroups based on pain intensity, disability, self-efficacy, fear of movement/(re)injury, and catastrophizing. The profile patterns suggest that different management strategies may be relevant in each subgroup. Perspective  This article presents subgroups of patients with musculoskeletal pain with different profiles in pain intensity, disability, and psychosocial variables possible to modify by physical therapy management. The results could potentially aid clinicians in tailoring assessment and treatment approaches to each subgroup.
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4.
  • Denison, Eva, et al. (författare)
  • Self-efficacy, fear avoidance, and pain intensity as predictors of disability in subacute and chronic musculoskeletal pain patients in primary health care
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Pain. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0304-3959 .- 1872-6623. ; 111:3, s. 245-252
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study examined the relations between disability, as measured by the Pain Disability Index (PDI) and self-efficacy, fear avoidance variables (kinesiophobia and catastrophizing), and pain intensity, using a prospective design. Two primary health care samples (n1=210; n2=161) of patients with subacute, chronic or recurring musculoskeletal pain completed sets of questionnaires at the beginning of a physiotherapy treatment period. Multiple hierarchial regression analyses showed that self-efficacy explained a considerably larger proportion of the variance in disability scores than the fear avoidance variables in the first sample. This finding was replicated in the second sample. Pain intensity explained a small, but significant proportion of the variance in disability scores in one sample only. Gender, age, and pain duration were not related to disability. These findings suggest that self-efficacy beliefs are more important determinants of disability than fear avoidance beliefs in primary health care patients with musculoskeletal pain. The findings also suggest that pain-related beliefs, such as self-efficacy and fear avoidance, in turn, are more important determinants of disability than pain intensity and pain duration in these patients.
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5.
  • Emilson, Christina, et al. (författare)
  • A 10-year follow-up of tailored behavioural treatment and exercise-based physiotherapy for persistent musculoskeletal pain
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Clinical Rehabilitation. - London : Sage Publications. - 0269-2155 .- 1477-0873. ; 31:2, s. 186-196
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: To study the long-term outcomes of two interventions targeting patients with sub-acute and persistent pain in a primary care physiotherapy setting.DESIGN: A 10-year follow-up of a two-armed randomised controlled trial, initially including 97 participants.INTERVENTIONS: Tailored behavioural medicine treatment, applied in a physiotherapy context (experimental condition), and exercise-based physiotherapy (control condition).MAIN MEASURES: Pain-related disability was the primary outcome. The maximum pain intensity, pain control, fear of movement, sickness-related absence (register data) and perceived benefit and confidence in coping with future pain problems were the secondary outcomes.RESULTS: Forty-three (44%) participants responded to the follow-up survey, 20 in the tailored behavioural medicine treatment group and 23 in the exercise-based physiotherapy group. The groups did not differ in terms of the change in the scores for the primary outcome (p=0.17) of pain-related disability between the experimental group (median: 2.5, Q1-Q3: -2.5-14.25), and the control group (median: 0, Q1-Q3: -5-6). Further, there were also no significant differences found for the secondary outcomes except for sickness-related absence, where the exercise-based physiotherapy group had more days of sickness-related absence three months before treatment (p= 0.02), and at the 10-year follow-up (p=0.03).DISCUSSION: The beneficial effects favouring tailored behavioural medicine treatment that observed post-treatment and at the two-year follow-up were not maintained 10 years after treatment. © The Author(s) 2016
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6.
  • Holmström, Inger, et al. (författare)
  • Improving the diabetes-patient encounter by reflective tutoring for staff
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Patient Education and Counseling. - : Elsevier BV. - 0738-3991 .- 1873-5134. ; 53:3, s. 325-32
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • There is relative consensus about the advantages of patient-centred consultations. However, they have not been easy to realise in clinical praxis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether an intervention focused on health care professionals' understanding of the diabetes-patient encounter could facilitate a patient-centred way to encounter these patients. Two GPs and two nurses participated in the year-long intervention. The intervention focused on the staff's understanding of the encounter. Staff video recorded four to five encounters each and reflected together with a supervisor on their understanding of the encounters and how they were conducted. The encounters were analysed with the Verona-MICS/Dr coding system and patients' comments were analysed separately. The content of the consultations and how they were conducted was also assessed. There was a significant change of two patient-centred items by the staff over time. Two staff seemed to change their educational model. Modern theories of competence development seem to be useful in clinical settings.
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8.
  • Larsson, Jan, et al. (författare)
  • Trainee anaesthetists understand their work in different ways : implications for specialist education
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: British Journal of Anaesthesia. - : Elsevier BV. - 0007-0912 .- 1471-6771. ; 92:3, s. 381-387
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background. Traditionally, programmes for specialist educationin anaesthesia and intensive care have been based on lists ofattributes such as skills and knowledge. However, modern researchin the science of teaching has shown that competence developmentis linked to changes in the way professionals understand theirwork. The aim of this study was to define the different waysin which trainee anaesthetists understand their work.Methods. Nineteen Swedish trainee anaesthetists were interviewed.The interviews sought the answers to three open-ended questions.(i) When do you feel you have been successful in your work?(ii) What is difficult or what hinders you in your work? (iii)What is the core of your anaesthesia work? Transcripts of theinterviews were analysed by a phenomenographic approach, a researchmethod aiming to determine the various ways a group of peopleunderstand a phenomenon.Results. Six ways of understanding their work were defined:giving anaesthesia according to a standard plan; taking responsibilityfor the patient’s vital functions; minimizing the patient’ssuffering and making them feel safe; giving service to specialistdoctors to facilitate their care of patients; organizing andleading the operating theatre and team; and developing one’sown competence, using the experience gained from every new patientfor learning.Conclusions. Trainee anaesthetists understand their work indifferent ways. The trainee’s understanding affects bothhis/her way of performing work tasks and how he/she developsnew competences. A major task for teachers of anaesthesia isto create learning situations whereby trainees can focus onnew aspects of their professional work and thus develop newways of understanding it.
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9.
  • Nilsson, Annika, et al. (författare)
  • Life values as predictors of pain, disability and sick leave among Swedish registered nurses : a longitudinal study
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: BMC Nursing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6955 .- 1472-6955. ; 10, s. 17-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Prospective studies on high-risk populations, such as subgroups of health care staff, are limited, especially prospective studies among staff not on sick-leave. This paper is a report of a longitudinal study conducted to describe and compare the importance and consistency of life domains among registered nurses (RNs) working in a Swedish hospital and evaluate a model based on the consistency of valued life domains for prediction of pain, disability and sick leave.METHOD: Importance and consistency ratings of life values, in 9 domains, were collected during 2003 and 2006 from 196 RNs using the Valued Living Questionnaire (VLQ). Logistic regression analyses were used for prediction of pain, disability and sick leave at the three-year follow-up. The predictors family relations, marriage couples/intimate relations, parenting, friends/social life, work, education, leisure time, psychological well-being, and physical self-care were used at baseline.RESULTS: RNs rated life values regarding parenting as most important and with the highest consistency both at baseline and at follow-up. No significant differences were found between RNs' ratings of importance and consistency over the three-year period, except for friends/social relations that revealed a significant decrease in importance at follow-up. The explanatory models for pain, disability and sick leave significantly predicted pain and disability at follow-up. The odds of having pain were significantly increased by one consistency rating (psychological well-being), while the odds were significantly decreased by physical self-care. In the model predicting disability, consistency in psychological well-being and education significantly increased the odds of being disabled, while consistency in physical self-care significantly decreased the odds.CONCLUSION: The results suggest that there might be a link between intra-individual factors reflecting different aspects of appraised life values and musculoskeletal pain (MSP).
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10.
  • Nilsson, Annika, et al. (författare)
  • Predicting of pain, disability, and sick leave regarding a non-clinical sample among Swedish nurses
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Pain. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1877-8860 .- 1877-8879. ; 1:3, s. 160-166
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objectives: Health care providers, especially registered nurses (RNs), are a professional group with a high risk of musculoskeletal pain (MSP). This longitudinal study contributes to the literature by describing the prevalence and change in MSP, work-related factors, personal factors, self-reported pain, disability and sick leave (>7 days) among RNs working in a Swedish hospital over a 3-year period. Further, results concerning prediction of pain, disability and sick leave from baseline to a 3-year follow-up are reported. Method: In 2003, a convenience sample of 278 RNs (97.5% women, mean age 43 years) completed a questionnaire. In 2006, 244 RNs (88% of the original sample) were located, and 200 (82%) of these completed a second questionnaire. Results: Logistic regression analyses revealed that pain, disability and sick leave at baseline best predicted pain, disability, and sick leave at follow-up. The personal factors self-rated health and sleep quality during the last week predicted pain at follow-up, while age, self-rated health, and considering yourself as optimist or pessimist predicted disability at follow-up, however weakly. None of the work-related factors contributed significantly to the regression solution. Conclusions: The results support earlier studies showing that a history of pain and disability is predictive of future pain and disability. Attention to individual factors such as personal values may be needed in further research. 
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