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Sökning: WFRF:(Lindberg Maria 1977 )

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1.
  • Alsterholm, Mikael, 1977, et al. (författare)
  • Establishment and utility of SwedAD : a nationwide Swedish registry for patients with atopic dermatitis receiving systemic pharmacotherapy
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-5555 .- 1651-2057. ; 103
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • SwedAD, a Swedish nationwide registry for patients with atopic dermatitis receiving systemic pharmacotherapy, was launched on 1 September 2019. We describe here the establishment of a user-friendly registry to the benefit of patients with atopic dermatitis. By 5 November 2022, 38 clinics had recorded 931 treatment episodes in 850 patients with an approximate national coverage rate of 40%. Characteristics at enrolment included median Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) 10.2 (interquartile range 4.0, 19.4), Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM) 18.0 (10.0, 24.0), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) 11.0 (5.0, 19.0) and Peak Itch Numerical Rating Scale-11 (NRS-11) 6.0 (3.0, 8.0). At 3 months, median EASI was 3.2 (1.0, 7.3) and POEM, DLQI, and NRS-11 were improved. Regional coverage varied, reflecting the distribution of dermatologists, the ratio of public to private healthcare, and difficulties in recruiting certain clinics. This study highlights the importance of a nationwide registry when managing systemic pharmacotherapy of atopic dermatitis.
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2.
  • Arvidsson, Lisa, et al. (författare)
  • Nurses' assessed self-efficacy levels to medical asepsis and their relation to structural empowerment, work engagement and work-related stress
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 74:2, s. 501-513
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Nurses' working conditions are important for their well-being at work and for their ability to provide patients with safe care. Self-efficacy can influence employees' behaviour atwork. Therefore, it is valuable to study self-efficacy levels to medical asepsis in relation to working conditions.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between nurses' assessed self-efficacy levels to medical asepsis in care situations and structural empowerment, work engagement and work-related stress.METHODS: A cross-sectional study with a correlational design was conducted. A total of 417 registered nurses and licensed practical nurses at surgical and orthopaedic units responded to a questionnaire containing: the Infection Prevention Appraisal Scale, the Conditions ofWork Effectiveness Questionnaire-II, the UtrechtWork Engagement Scale-9 and the Health& Safety Executive Management Standards Indicator Tool. Correlational analyses and group comparisons were performed.RESULTS: The nurses rated high levels of self-efficacy to medical asepsis in care situations. The correlational analyses revealed that correlation coefficients between structural empowerment, work engagement, work-related stress and selfefficacy to medical asepsis were 0.254-0.268. Significant differences in self-efficacy were found in the grouped working conditions.CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that nurses rated high self-efficacy levels to medical asepsis and, to some extent, this seemed related to structural empowerment, work engagement and work-related stress. This valuable knowledge could enable improvements at the managerial and organisational levels, benefiting both nurses and patients in the long run.
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3.
  • Engström, Gunnar, et al. (författare)
  • Pulmonary function and atherosclerosis in the general population : causal associations and clinical implications
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Nature. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Reduced lung function is associated with cardiovascular mortality, but the relationships with atherosclerosis are unclear. The population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonary BioImage study measured lung function, emphysema, coronary CT angiography, coronary calcium, carotid plaques and ankle-brachial index in 29,593 men and women aged 50–64 years. The results were confirmed using 2-sample Mendelian randomization. Lower lung function and emphysema were associated with more atherosclerosis, but these relationships were attenuated after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors. Lung function was not associated with coronary atherosclerosis in 14,524 never-smokers. No potentially causal effect of lung function on atherosclerosis, or vice versa, was found in the 2-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. Here we show that reduced lung function and atherosclerosis are correlated in the population, but probably not causally related. Assessing lung function in addition to conventional cardiovascular risk factors to gauge risk of subclinical atherosclerosis is probably not meaningful, but low lung function found by chance should alert for atherosclerosis.
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4.
  • Lindberg, Maria, 1977-, et al. (författare)
  • A complex challenge with unclear improvement : the need for involvement, contextualization and facilitation when managers implement a leadership model
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Leadership in Health Services. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1751-1879 .- 1751-1887. ; 36:2, s. 236-246
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose Management and leadership in health care are described as complex and challenging, and the span of control is known to be a key component in the manager's job demands. The implementation of change can be a challenge in health care, and managers often have roles as implementation leaders. Little attention has been given to how managers perceive the process of implementation. Thus, this study aims to explore second-line managers' perceptions of, prerequisites for and experiences from the implementation of changes in their manager's work conditions. Design/methodology/approach A grounded theory-based qualitative design was used. Data were collected from a purposive sample of nine second-line managers by individual semi-structured interviews. The three stages of initial coding, focus codes and axial coding were used in data analysis. Findings Three thematic areas were identified: engagement, facilitation and achievement. The second-line managers' descriptions suggest that the change work entails a complex challenge with an unclear result. Involvement, consideration for the context and facilitation are needed to be able to conduct a cohesive implementation process. Originality/value This study findings outline that to succeed when implementing change in complex organizations, it is crucial that managers at different levels are involved in the entire process, and that there are prerequisites established for the facilitation and achievement of goals during the planning, implementation and follow-up.
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5.
  • Lindberg, Maria, 1977-, et al. (författare)
  • Development and Validation of the Infection Prevention Appraisal Scale
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Nursing Reports. - : MDPI. - 2039-439X .- 2039-4403. ; 13:1, s. 157-165
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • It has been emphasized that future studies aimed at improving adherence to infection prevention guidelines should focus on beliefs in, e.g., self-efficacy. Reliable situation specific measures are needed to measure the phenomenon of self-efficacy, but there seems to be few valid scales available that are suitable for measuring one's belief in self-efficacy regarding infection prevention measures. The purpose of the study was to develop a unidimensional appraisal scale to capture nurses' beliefs in their abilities to practice medical asepsis in care situations. When creating the items, evidence-based guidelines for preventing healthcare-associated infections were used together with Bandura's guide for constructing self-efficacy scales. Face validity, content validity, and concurrent validity were tested in various samples of the target population. Furthermore, dimensionality was evaluated on data collected from 525 registered nurses and licensed practical nurses recruited from the medical, surgical, and orthopaedic wards of 22 Swedish hospitals. The Infection Prevention Appraisal Scale (IPAS) consists of 14 items. Face and content validity were endorsed by target population representatives. The exploratory factor analysis suggested unidimensionality, and the internal consistency was good (Cronbach's alpha 0.83). The total scale score correlated with the General Self-Efficacy Scale, as expected, and supported concurrent validity. The Infection Prevention Appraisal Scale demonstrates sound psychometric properties supporting a unidimensional measure of self-efficacy to medical asepsis in care situations.
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6.
  • Lindberg, Maria, 1977-, et al. (författare)
  • Risk behaviours for organism transmission in health care delivery : A two month unstructured observational study
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - : Elsevier BV. - 0020-7489 .- 1873-491X. ; 70, s. 38-45
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Errors in infection control practices risk patient safety. The probability for errors can increase when care practices become more multifaceted. It is therefore fundamental to track risk behaviours and potential errors in various care situations.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe care situations involving risk behaviours for organism transmission that could lead to subsequent healthcare-associated infections.DESIGN & SETTING: Unstructured nonparticipant observations were performed at three medical wards.PARTICIPANTS & METHODS: Healthcare personnel (n=27) were shadowed, in total 39h, on randomly selected weekdays between 7:30 am and 12 noon. Content analysis was used to inductively categorize activities into tasks and based on the character into groups. Risk behaviours for organism transmission were deductively classified into types of errors. Multiple response crosstabs procedure was used to visualize the number and proportion of errors in tasks. One-Way ANOVA with Bonferroni post Hoc test was used to determine differences among the three groups of activities.RESULTS: The qualitative findings gives an understanding of that risk behaviours for organism transmission goes beyond the five moments of hand hygiene and also includes the handling and placement of materials and equipment. The tasks with the highest percentage of errors were; 'personal hygiene', 'elimination' and 'dressing/wound care'. The most common types of errors in all identified tasks were; 'hand disinfection', 'glove usage', and 'placement of materials'. Significantly more errors (p<0.0001) were observed the more multifaceted (single, combined or interrupted) the activity was.CONCLUSION: The numbers and types of errors as well as the character of activities performed in care situations described in this study confirm the need to improve current infection control practices. It is fundamental that healthcare personnel practice good hand hygiene however effective preventive hygiene is complex in healthcare activities due to the multifaceted care situations, especially when activities are interrupted. A deeper understanding of infection control practices that goes beyond the sense of security by means of hand disinfection and use of gloves is needed as materials and surfaces in the care environment might be contaminated and thus pose a risk for organism transmission.
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7.
  • Malinovschi, Andrei, 1978-, et al. (författare)
  • Consequences of Using Post- or Prebronchodilator Reference Values in Interpreting Spirometry
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. - : American Thoracic Society. - 1073-449X .- 1535-4970. ; 208:4, s. 461-471
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • RATIONALE: Post-bronchodilator (BD) spirometry is used for diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, pre-BD reference values are used for spirometry interpretation.OBJECTIVES: To compare the resulting prevalence rates of abnormal spirometry and study the consequences of using pre- or post-BD reference values generated within the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) when interpreting post-BD spirometry in a general population.METHODS: SCAPIS reference values for post-BD and pre-BD spirometry were based on 10,156 and 1,498 never-smoking, healthy participants, respectively. We studied the associations of abnormal spirometry, defined by using pre- or post-BD reference values, with respiratory burden in the SCAPIS general population (28,851 individuals).MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Bronchodilation resulted in higher predicted median and lower limit of normal (LLN) for FEV1/FVC ratio. The prevalence of post-BD FEV1/FVC < pre-bronchodilator LLN was 4.8% and that of post-BD FEV1/FVC < post-bronchodilator LLN was 9.9% for the general population. An additional 5.1% was identified as having an abnormal post-BD FEV1/FVC ratio and this group had more respiratory symptoms, emphysema (13.5% vs. 4.1%, p<0.001) and self-reported physician-diagnosed COPD (2.8% vs. 0.5%, p<0.001) than subjects with post-BD FEV1/FVC ratio > LLN for both pre- and post-bronchodilation).CONCLUSIONS: Pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry reference values differ with regard to FEV1/FVC ratio. Use of post-bronchodilator reference values doubled the population prevalence of airflow obstruction; this was related to a higher respiratory burden. Using post-bronchodilator reference values when interpreting post-bronchodilator spirometry might enable identification of individuals with mild disease and be clinically relevant.
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8.
  • Barlow, Lotti, et al. (författare)
  • Nationellt fackspråk för vård och omsorg : Slutrapport
  • 2011
  • Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
    • SammanfattningEtt tillgängligt och använt nationellt fackspråk ska bidra till en god och säker vård och omsorg. Det ska även medverka till att kvaliteten och resultaten på området ska kunna följas upp och jämföras på ett mer effektivt sätt. Slutrapporten presenterar resultatet av projektet Nationellt fackspråk för vård och omsorg samt förslag till förvaltning och utveckling.ResultatetResultatet innefattar bland annat att det internationella begreppssystemet Snomed CT är översatt till svenska och att det är förberett för förvaltning och distribution. Socialstyrelsen har även tagit fram och testat metoder för förvaltning och utveckling av det nationella fackspråket i sin helhet. Därtill har representanter för målgrupperna informerats och fått kunskap.Rapporten innehåller en utförlig beskrivning av det nationella fackspråkets sammantagna innehåll: Socialstyrelsens termbank, klassifikationer och kodverk, den svenska versionen av Snomed CT, metoder för utveckling och förvaltning samt regler för användning.Förvaltning, införande och resursbehovI rapporten finns förslag till hur hela det nationella fackspråket kan tas omhand av Socialstyrelsen och hur det kan införas i vården och omsorgen. Projektets övergång till en långsiktigt hållbar organisation kräver resurser. Därför redogör rapporten för det förväntade resursbehovet för förvaltning och utveckling. Bland annat föreslås en treårig utbildningsinsats samt stimulansbidrag för införande.Krav på styrning, samordning och förtydligat ansvarRapporten betonar behovet av en samlad och medveten styrning av utvecklingen inom området. Socialstyrelsen vill ha en samordnande roll i utvecklingen och förvaltningen av det nationella fackspråket. Myndigheten föreslås få det initiala ansvaret för att utbilda användare och att driva frågor om det nationella fackspråket.Vidare vill Socialstyrelsen få ett uttalat mandat att samordna de nationella aktiviteter som drivs med koppling till Snomed CT. Rapporten pekar ut några särskilt prioriterade områden som myndigheten borde få i uppdrag att arbeta vidare inom.Kunskapsstyrning och normgivningEn viktig slutsats i rapporten är att användningen av det nationella fackspråket behöver regleras för att målet om ökad säkerhet för klienter och patienter ska kunna uppnås. I dagsläget bedöms föreskrifter vara den metod som bäst kan garantera ett brett genomförande.Målgrupper för slutrapportenSlutrapporten riktar sig till beslutsfattare i kommuner och landsting, vård- och omsorgspersonal med särskilt intresse eller ansvar för dokumentationsfrågor och professionella organisationer. Den riktar sig också till terminologiansvariga i kommuner och landsting, IT-direktörer, IT-leverantörer samt aktörer inom den nationella strategin för eHälsa.
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9.
  • Berg, Elisabeth Gräslund, et al. (författare)
  • Praktiker som gör skillnad : Om den verb-inriktade metoden
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Historisk Tidskrift. - 0345-469X .- 2002-4827. ; 133:3, s. 335-354
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This article discusses the so-called verb-oriented method and its role in the research project Gender and Work in early modern Sweden (GaW), which is based at Uppsala University. It provides a presentation of the GaW-database, which has been designed to allow analysis according to the verb-method. Finally, the article points out that this method can be combined with a number of different theoretical approaches as long as the focus is on practices. It is therefore compatible with the approaches of e.g., Judith Butler, Michel de Certeau, and Amartya Sen. Work is defined as "time-use with the purpose of making a living" and the article discusses why data on time-use, or actual work activities, are better suited for research into early modern Swedish working life than other types of data. It shows that activities are usually described in the sources by verb-phrases, and explains how and from what sources verb-phrases are collected and analyzed within the project. In order to allow for generalizations the verb-method presupposes large amounts of data. This is the rationale for the GaW-database, which at present includes around 5000 verb-phrases and 75000 data posts.
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10.
  • Bergqvist, Claes, 1977- (författare)
  • Arsenic accumulation in plants for food and phytoremediation : Influence by external factors
  • 2013
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Arsenic (As) appears in the environment as various As species, which may vary in plant uptake and toxicity. Moreover, As exposure may vary between habitat due to availability and speciation, both of which are influenced by redox potential. To decrease As uptake, addition of silicate may be a tool.The aim of the study was to investigate how the external factors As availability, plant habitats, silicon and oxygen level, influenced the accumulation and speciation of As in plants for food and phytoremediation in a temperate region. The external factors were chosen due to their previously showed influence on As in plants.The risks with dietary As was investigated by plant As accumulation and speciation in carrot, lettuce and spinach grown in alum shale and glassworks soils, and by the influence of silicon on As accumulation in lettuce in hydroponics. Suitable plants for As phytoremediation was investigated by analysing plants from various habitats, and by the O2 influence on phytofiltration.The results showed that vegetables accumulated more As in soils with higher As extractability, and the As extractability in the rhizosphere was higher than in bulk soil. Also, the As concentration in lettuce was higher in hydroponics than in soil, but silicon reduced the accumulation of As in lettuce in hydroponics. Also, the more toxic inorganic As were the main As species detected in vegetables, compared with the less toxic organic As. For phytoremediation, the results showed a low As accumulation in emergent and terrestrial plants. Submerged plants had had a higher shoot As concentration. In general, the habitat had a major influence on the As accumulation in plants. The results also showed that the As accumulation properties in Elodea canadensis was reduced at higher O2.In conclusion, consumption of vegetables cultivated in As polluted soils can result in an elevated intake of inorganic As, and E. canadensis is a promising candidate for As phytofiltration in a temperate region.
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