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- Blomqvist, Per, 1972-
(författare)
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Samtal om skrivbedömning : Lärares normer, beslut och samstämmighet
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis reports and discusses results from a qualitative study of Swedish teachers' writing assessment in upper secondary school. Based on teacher group discussions, the study investigates teachers' interactions, expressions of norms and decisions when assessing and grading students' writing in the subject of Swedish.The aim of the study is to describe and analyze how teachers interact and what they pay attention to when discussing writing assessment. In relation to this aim the following three research questions were posed: (1) What characterizes the teachers' conversations about writing assessment? (2) What assessment norms do the teachers express? (3) What decisions do they make?The theoretical perspectives are dialogical and pedagogical. From a dialogical point of view, the assessment conversations are considered as social acts where teachers in interaction collectively create meaning. Furthermore, the assessment conversations are considered as pedagogical, as a part of teachers' reflective work to discuss how to assess students' work and how to make decisions about further instructions and grading. The methods used to describe and analyze interactional patterns, expressions of norms and decisions in these assessment conversations are topic analysis and initiative-response-analysis.The empirical data consists of audio and video recordings from three teacher groups' conversations about writing assessment, comprising a total of 17 Swedish teachers from three upper secondary schools. Data was also collected via a questionnaire with the individual teacher's grading of the students' writing and evaluation of the assessment conversations.The results show that teachers' assessments of students' writing focus on much more, and partly other, criteria than their pedagogical decisions. The quality standards that teachers express in the discussions about student texts focus mostly on communicative quality, language style and text structure but also on content and the use of sources. The pedagogical decisions, on the other hand, almost exclusively focus on text structure and the use of sources.The results also show that shortcomings in the students' texts are crucial for teachers' summative assessments. Meanwhile, the teachers also express that students' age, their writing development in the course and the national test must be considered. These assessment norms can be compensatory and have a substantial impact on these teachers' decisions on summative assessments. The teacher groups show considerable variation in the basis for their decisions regarding summative assessment of students' writing.Finally, the teachers demonstrate a high degree of consistency within each teacher group when discussing summative assessment of students' writing. However, the assessments that individual teachers make after the discussions comply only to some extent with the group's decisions. The least degree of consistency was shown by the teacher group who, in the discussion, seemed the most consistent. Decision-making processes in these discussions are characterized by low intensity, where few assessment alternatives are being considered. The overall assessment consistency between the teacher groups was found to be low.
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- Eriksson, Inger, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Vilket kemiinnehåll görs tillgängligt i finlandssvenska och svenska klassrum? Kemitexter som redskap för naturvetenskapligt lärande
- 2010
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Ingår i: Resultatdialog 2010. - Stockholm : Vetenskapsrådet. - 9789173071840 ; , s. 51-56
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Svenska och finska (och finlandssvenska) elevers naturvetenskapliga prestationer uppvisar markanta skillnader i internationella mätningar som PISA. Mot bakgrund av att Finland och Sverige har ett till synes likartat skolsystem är det inte helt enkelt att förstå varför de finska och finlandssvenska eleverna presterar så mycket bättre än de svenska. Vad är det som skapar sådana skillnader? Många olika förklaringar har förts fram, tex i relation till lärarutbildning. Men vilket kemilärande möjliggörs i svenska och finlandssvenska undervisningspraktiker? Kemiinnehållet i läromedel från Sverige och Finland är i stort det samma och i finlandssvenska skolor fram till 2007 användes ofta svenska läromedel. I projektet genomfördes 20-40h videobandade klassrumsobservationer relaterade till kemiundervisningen i tre skolor vardera i Svenskfinland (2007-08) och Sverige (2009). Observationerna, kombinerade med intervjuer och dokumentationer, fokuserade periodiska systemet och kemiska bindningar. De första analyserna ger en bild av att det finns skillnader i innehållets behandling och vad som karaktäriserar de konstituerade undervisningspraktikerna i de båda länderna. I finlandssvenska skolor fokuseras t.ex. faktareproduktion (memorering), formelskrivning och detaljerade provfrågor, samma läromedel används i alla skolor. I svenska skolor betonas förståelse av vardagsfenomen, diskussioner och prov som skiljer på G, VG och MVG-frågor där G-frågor utgörs av enkla faktakunskaper. Undervisningen i de finlandssvenska skolorna framstår således som mera lika varandra medan undervisningen i de svenska skolorna uppvisar större variation gällande innehållets behandling och klassrumskommunikation.
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| 4. |
- Norberg, Anna-Maija
(författare)
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Undervisning och bedömning i svenska på högstadiet : Elever i årskurs 7 skriver saga och recension
- 2015
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present study aims to investigate instruction and assessment in Swedish during two writing units, a fairytale and a book review, in lower secondary school, year seven. The research questions that guide the study deal with aspects such as what subject content appears to be important in the classroom instruction, how this content is highlighted, and what appears to be the purpose of the assessment. The answers to the research questions contribute in giving a description of the predominant writing discourse and they provide a basis for an overall comparison of what is emphasized in instruction and in assessment respectively, thus shedding light on the alignment between classroom instruction and assessment.Data were collected from multiple sources: video and audio recordings of twenty lessons, material based “observiews” (observations of the teacher while assessing students’ final texts aloud), assessment rubrics, and the teacher’s lesson materials.The classroom practice is explored as a literacy practice, based on the idea that reading and writing are always situated within specific social practices, and as an assessment practice, based on the idea that classroom assessment is an important part of the classroom atmosphere and helps students to form concepts of themselves as learners as well as of what is important to learn. In the data, literacy events and assessment events are analyzed through a framework of writing discourses. With the analytical focus on literacy events and assessment events, the study also contributes to the research field as to if and how these concepts are related.The main findings suggest that there is an overall agreement between instruction, formative assessment and summative assessment in the studied practice. However, a contradiction between tradition and change can be seen in assessment of texts. During the fairytale unit, a contradiction can be seen between a genre discourse and a creativity discourse. During the book review unit, a contradiction can be seen between a genre discourse and a skills discourse. Assessment events tend to occur in literacy events when important content comes up. Eleven assessment events have been identified according to the purpose they seem to have in relation to the subject contents and requested ways of knowing.
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