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- Dippel, Sabine, et al.
(författare)
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Health and welfare of organic pigs in Europe assessed with animal-based parameters
- 2014
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Ingår i: Organic Agriculture. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1879-4238 .- 1879-4246. ; 4:2, s. 149-161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Organic pig farming aims at maintaining a high health and welfare state of the animals through appropriate housing, management and feeding. Better knowledge of health and welfare indicators should help to identify critical points and hence to improve health and welfare as well as performance of organic pigs. This paper describes the health and welfare of organic pigs from 101 farms across six EU countries, using selected animal-based parameters from the Welfare Quality® protocol. Parameters were collected in sows, suckling and weaned piglets in 3 to 20 farms per country. Their assessment was trained before farm visits and inter-observer agreement determined after farm visits. The most prevalent problems identified in sows were thinness (median farm prevalence 18.8 %, range 0–81.0), injuries on the anterior part of the body (15.5 %, 0–66.7), injuries on hind part of body (7.9 %, 0–50), obesity (4.9 %, 0–50.0) and vulva lesions (3.5 %, 0–42.9). In suckling piglets, the median prevalence in terms of groups affected per farm was 0 % for all parameters but ‘> 50 % dirty piglets in group’, for which it was 10 %. Farm prevalence ranged from 0 to 100 % for ‘≥ 1 lame piglet in group’, presence of diarrhoea, and ‘> 50 % dirty piglets in group’. In weaned piglets, the median prevalence in terms of groups affected per farm was 0 % with a range of 0 to 100 % for all parameters. Based on the collected data, body condition, skin and vulva lesions in sows, lameness, diarrhoea and respiratory problems in piglets could be used as management and welfare indicators, with good potential for enhancement through farm improvement schemes like herd health planning. However, some definitions could be improved, especially lameness, diarrhoea and respiratory problems in piglets.
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| 2. |
- Gren, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular and microstructural inventory of an isolated fossil bird feather from the Eocene Fur Formation of Denmark
- 2017
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Ingår i: Palaeontology. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 0031-0239 .- 1475-4983. ; 60:1, s. 73-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An isolated, yet virtually intact contour feather (FUM-1980) from the lower Eocene Fur Formation of Denmark was analysed using multiple imaging and molecular techniques, including field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM), X-ray absorption spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Additionally, synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) was employed in order to produce a digital reconstruction of the fossil. Under FEG-SEM, the proximal, plumulaceous part of the feather revealed masses of ovoid microstructures, about 1.7 μm long and 0.5 μm wide. Microbodies in the distal, pennaceous portion were substantially smaller (averaging 0.9 × 0.2 μm), highly elongate, and more densely packed. Generally, the microbodies in both the plumulaceous and pennaceous segments were aligned along the barbs and located within shallow depressions on the exposed surfaces. Biomarkers consistent with animal eumelanins were co-localized with the microstructures, to suggest that they represent remnant eumelanosomes (i.e. eumelanin-housing cellular organelles). Additionally, ToF-SIMS analysis revealed the presence of sulfur-containing organics – potentially indicative of pheomelanins – associated with eumelanin-like compounds. However, since there was no correlation between melanosome morphology and sulfur content, we conclude these molecular structures derive from diagenetically incorporated sulfur rather than pheomelanin. Melanosomes corresponding roughly in both size and morphology with those in the proximal part of FUM-1980 are known from contour feathers of extant parrots (Psittaciformes), an avian clade that has previously been reported from the Fur Formation.
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| 5. |
- Lindgren, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Nematode parasite eggs in pasture soils and pigs on organic farms in Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: Organic Agriculture. - : Springer. - 1879-4238 .- 1879-4246. ; 10, s. 289-300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The EU regulation for organic pig production requires outdoor access to promote the animal welfare. This may increase the risk of infection of the common pig parasites, Ascaris suum and Trichuris suis, because their eggs can survive for many years in the soil. The egg contamination of these parasites in outdoor areas with different managements and the faecal egg output from the pigs was investigated on 11 Swedish organic pig farms in 2008. We found eggs of A. suum and, to a minor extent, T. suis in the soil from outdoor areas, which had previously been used for pig rearing and/or for spreading of pig manure. Piglets and their dams were turned out on pastures included in a crop rotation, and these areas had a mean of 2500 A. suum and 40 T. suis eggs per kilogram soil. When the pigs were 12-week-old, the faecal egg counts (FECs) of A. suum were positively correlated with the egg concentration in pasture soils before pig turnout. The areas used by dry sows had a mean of 11,700 A. suum and 220 T. suis eggs per kilogram soil. The highest egg concentrations in the soil were found in areas, frequently used by pigs in the most recent years. To minimise pasture contamination with parasite eggs, it is advised to have a crop rotation system and to inactivate parasite eggs in pig manure before spreading it. Parasite control needs further development to protect suckling piglets from infections due to environmental parasite egg contamination. © 2019, The Author(s).
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| 6. |
- Lindgren, Mikael, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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CHARACTERIZATION OF REFLECTIVITY AND GEOMETRY FOR SOFT CAR TARGETS
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 29th Session of the CIE. - Wien. - 9783902842749 ; , s. 1753-1767
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper reports on results from a study of characteristics for 3D soft surrogate vehicle targets. Such targets are used extensively for testing and verification of optical sensor systems for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems and Automated Driving. However, the influence of wear-and-tear on the vehicle target is not well known. Consequently, no clear requirement exists on how many collisions a soft target can be exposed to before it no longer performs well.Important characteristics for optical sensor systems are surface reflectance in the relevant wavelength range and geometry of the soft target. We report on measurements of spectral reflectivity and geometry performed before, during and after an accelerated ageing campaign involving 100 rear-end collisions at 50 km/h. The reflectivity was found to change very little while the geometry was strongly affected.
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| 7. |
- Lindgren, Mikael, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of visual and IR reflectivity for soft car targets
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and Automated Driving (AD) vehicles rely heavily on optical sensors. Extensive testing of optical sensors is required and typically performed at test tracks like AstaZero. Soft surrogate targets are used for safety reasons, but the optical characteristics of surrogate targets may differ considerably from that of real vehicles. During tests the quality of the soft surrogate targets deteriorates due to repeated impacts and reassembly of the targets, and there is a need for methods to secure the quality of the soft surrogate targets over time.RISE has conducted a project together with Volvo Cars and Veoneer to develop and validate accurate and repeatable measurement methods of the optical characteristics of 3D soft car targets. The goal is to support international standardisation (ISO) with standard methods enabling future verification and calibration of optical characteristics of active safety 3D soft car targets.The poster presents results from optical measurements on soft car targets and real cars, performed in the project. One target was subjected to 100 rear-end collisions during which the reflectivity was measured.
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| 8. |
- Nord, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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HiFi Visual Target - Methods for Measuring Optical and Geometrical Characteristics of Soft Car Targets for ADAS and AD
- 2017
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Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Mobility. - Berlin : Springer. - 9783319669717 - 9783319669724 ; , s. 201-209
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and Automated Driving (AD)vehicles rely on a variety of sensors and among them optical sensors. Extensivetesting of functions using optical sensors is required and typically performedat proving grounds like AstaZero. Soft surrogate targets are used for safetyreasons but the optical and geometrical characteristics of soft car targets maydiffer considerably from that of real vehicles. During tests the quality of thesoft car targets deteriorates due to repeated impacts and reassembly of thetargets, and there is a need of methods for securing the quality of the softcar targets over time. One of the main goals of the HiFi Visual Target project isto develop and validate accurate and repeatable measurement methods of theoptical and geometric characteristics of soft car targets.
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| 9. |
- Spinnler, Bernhard, et al.
(författare)
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Autonomous intelligent transponder enabling adaptive network optimization in a live network field trial
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Optical Communications and Networking. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 1943-0620 .- 1943-0639. ; 11:9, s. C1-C9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We introduce a new transponder type for optical networks called an autonomous intelligent transponder (AIT). It is capable of autonomously adapting transmission parameters to the quality of the link over which it is transmitting. This concept fills one of the main gaps toward the realization of flexible, aware optical networks. We present experimental results to validate the AIT concept as part of a field trial in Telia Carrier's live optical European backbone network.
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