| 1. |
- Albin, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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0253 Hairdressers are occupationally exposed to ortho- and meta- toluidine
- 2014
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Ingår i: Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : BMJ. - 1470-7926 .- 1351-0711. ; 71 Suppl 1, s. 32-33
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hairdressing work is classified as carcinogenic based on excess risk for bladder cancer. We aimed at evaluating if current hairdressers are exposed to established/suspected bladder carcinogens (aromatic amines) and indicate possible sources of exposure.
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| 2. |
- Axmon, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Tidstrender för perfluorerade ämnen i plasma från svenska kvinnor 1987-2007
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Perfluorerade kemikalier (PFC) är en stor grupp ämnen som är misstänkt hormon- störande. De är svårnedbrytbara och stannar länge i både miljö och människa. De mest kända PFC är PFOS och PFOA. Dessa användes under många år för att im- pregnera textilier, skor, möbler och mattor, i golv- och bilvax och målarfärger, mm. Användningen började minska i början av detta århundrade då PFOS och PFOA ersattes av andra PFC. Vi använde sparade plasmaprover från 80 kvinnor. Proven togs ursprungligen mellan 1987 och 2007 i samband med bröstförminskningsoperationer, från kvinnor som vi- sade sig friska vid screening för ärftlig cancer och från kvinnor vars äkta män hade cancer. Proverna analyserades för ett antal olika PFC (se textruta nedan), och vi undersökte därefter tidstrender för varje kemikalie. Vi tittade dels på linjära tidstrender, dvs vi an- tog att förändringen i halter var lika stor för varje år, och dels på förändringar mellan perioderna före 1990, 1990-2000 och efter 2000. • PFNA och PFDA ökade över hela tidsperioden, men allra mest efter 2000. Från 1987 till 2007 ökade PFNA med 305% och PFDA med 312%. • PFUnDA ökade med 155% från 1987 till 2007. Detta berodde framför allt på en stor ökning från 2000 och framåt. • PFOS och PFOA låg som högst under perioden 1990-2000. Sett över hela studieperioden, dvs 1987 till 2007, minskade PFOS med 36% och PFOA med 7%. • Även PFHxS låg som högst under perioden 1990-2000. Till skillnad från PFOS och PFOA uppvisade PFHxS en ökning – 142% – mellan 1987 och 2007.
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| 3. |
- Axmon, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Time trends between 1987 and 2007 for perfluoroalkyl acids in plasma from Swedish women.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Chemosphere. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1298 .- 0045-6535. ; 102, s. 61-67
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are a large group of chemicals which are highly persistent in both nature and humans. The use of the most prominent ones, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), was reduced in the early 21st century, and since then levels in human matrices have decreased. However, these two compounds have been exchanged by other PFAAs, for which time trends have not been as extensively investigated. By the use of 80 plasma samples collected between 1987 and 2007 from healthy women (n=1-9 yearly for 1987-2001, n=15 from 2006, and n=10 from 2007), possible time trends of six PFAAs were assessed. Time trends were evaluated for the entire study period, as well as for three sub-periods. As seen in previous studies, levels of perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), PFOS, and PFOA peaked during the middle time period (1990-2000), with medians of 0.98ngmL(-1), 18.06ngmL(-1), and 3.73ngmL(-1), respectively. However, levels of perfluorononanic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanic acid (PFDA), and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) increased over the whole study period and most markedly so after year 2000, with medians of 0.73ngmL(-1), 0.28ngmL(-1), and 0.24ngmL(-1), respectively, during the last study period.
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| 4. |
- Broström, Julia, et al.
(författare)
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Toluene diisocyanate: Induction of the autotaxin-lysophosphatidic acid axis and its association with airways symptoms.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1096-0333 .- 0041-008X. ; 287:3, s. 222-231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diisocyanates are industrial chemicals which have a wide range of applications in developed and developing countries. They are notorious lung toxicants and respiratory sensitizers. However, the mechanisms behind their adverse effects are not adequately characterized. Autotaxin (ATX) is an enzyme producing lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), and the ATX-LPA axis has been implicated in lung related inflammatory conditions and diseases, including allergic asthma, but not to toxicity of environmental low-molecular-weight chemicals. We investigated effects of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) on ATX induction in human lung epithelial cell models, and we correlated LPA-levels in plasma to biomarkers of TDI exposure in urine collected from workers exposed to <5ppb (parts per billion). Information on workers' symptoms was collected through interviews. One nanomolar TDI robustly induced ATX release within 10min in vitro. A P2X7- and P2X4-dependent microvesicle formation was implicated in a rapid ATX release and a subsequent protein synthesis. Co-localization between purinergic receptors and ATX was documented by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. The release was modulated by monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and by extracellular ATP. In workers, we found a dose-response relationship between TDI exposure biomarkers in urine and LPA levels in plasma. Among symptomatic workers reporting "sneezing", the LPA levels were higher than among non-symptomatic workers. This is the first report indicating induction of the ATX-LPA axis by an environmental low-molecular-weight chemical, and our data suggest a role for the ATX-LPA axis in TDI toxicity.
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| 8. |
- Jönsson, Lena S, et al.
(författare)
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N-nitrosamines in the southern Swedish rubber industries - exposure, health effects, and immunologic markers
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - : Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - 0355-3140 .- 1795-990X. ; 35:3, s. 11-203
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was twofold: (i) to evaluate the air levels of N-nitrosamines in the Swedish rubber industry and (ii) to estimate the risk of symptoms and changed levels of immunologic markers in relation to these levels.METHODS: Using adsorption tubes, we collected samples of N-nitrosamines in the breathing zone of 96 rubber workers and analyzed them with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Of these 96 workers, 66 were included in a medical examination and blood analysis together with an additional 106 rubber workers and 118 unexposed subjects. Medical and occupational histories were obtained in structured interviews, symptoms were recorded and immunologic markers analyzed in blood.RESULTS: The sum of N-nitrosamines ranged from less than the limit of detection to 36 microg/m (3)and differed with the vulcanization (ie, curing process) method used. Workers vulcanizing with a salt bath had the highest levels (median 4.2 microg/m (3)). Compared to the unexposed subjects, the rubber workers had an increased risk of nosebleeds, eye and throat symptoms, hoarseness, cough, nausea, headache, and changed levels of eosinophils and total immunoglobulin G (IgG). However, we found no clear exposure-response relationship with the symptoms or the immunologic markers studied.CONCLUSIONS: High levels of N-nitrosamines were found and must be lowered considerably in order to decrease the risk of cancer. There is a need for an occupational exposure limit for N-nitrosamines in Sweden. The lack of exposure-response relationships with the subacute symptoms examined in this study may be due to a healthy-worker selection or to the possibility that the symptoms are caused by an exposure not co-varying with N-nitrosamines.
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| 9. |
- Lindh, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Blood serum concentrations of perfluorinated compounds in men from Greenlandic Inuit and European populations.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Chemosphere. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1298 .- 0045-6535. ; 88:11, s. 1269-1275
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), such as perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), are used in large quantities. They are persistent and found in measurable levels in human serum around the world. They have been associated with developmental, hepatic, and carcinogenic effects in animal studies. The aim of the present study was to describe levels of PFCs in serum among Inuits from Greenland and inhabitants from Warsaw, Poland and Kharkiv, Ukraine. Furthermore, the aim was to define social- and lifestyle related determinants of exposure for these compounds. Serum levels of seven PFCs were analyzed by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The concentrations of PFOS and PFOA were the highest of all PFCs in all three populations with a total amount of almost 90% of the PFCs. The mean levels of PFOS and PFOA were in the Greenlandic Inuits 52 and 4.8ngmL(-1), in Poland 19 and 5.2ngmL(-1), and in Ukraine 8.1 and 1.9ngmL(-1), respectively. Thus, levels of PFCs in the serum of Inuits on Greenland were among the highest described in a general population whereas the levels in Poland were similar to other industrialized countries. The exposure in Ukraine was rather low. In the Greenlandic Inuit population, intake of seafood, tea, age and area of living were significant determinants of PFOS concentrations and explained about 22% of the variation. For the other populations no strong determinants were found.
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