| 1. |
- Bergström, Göran, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of Subclinical Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in the General Population
- 2021
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Ingår i: Circulation. - Philadelphia : American Heart Association. - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 144:12, s. 916-929
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Early detection of coronary atherosclerosis using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), in addition to coronary artery calcification (CAC) scoring, may help inform prevention strategies. We used CCTA to determine the prevalence, severity, and characteristics of coronary atherosclerosis and its association with CAC scores in a general population.Methods: We recruited 30 154 randomly invited individuals age 50 to 64 years to SCAPIS (the Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study). The study includes individuals without known coronary heart disease (ie, no previous myocardial infarctions or cardiac procedures) and with high-quality results from CCTA and CAC imaging performed using dedicated dual-source CT scanners. Noncontrast images were scored for CAC. CCTA images were visually read and scored for coronary atherosclerosis per segment (defined as no atherosclerosis, 1% to 49% stenosis, or ≥50% stenosis). External validity of prevalence estimates was evaluated using inverse probability for participation weighting and Swedish register data.Results: In total, 25 182 individuals without known coronary heart disease were included (50.6% women). Any CCTA-detected atherosclerosis was found in 42.1%; any significant stenosis (≥50%) in 5.2%; left main, proximal left anterior descending artery, or 3-vessel disease in 1.9%; and any noncalcified plaques in 8.3% of this population. Onset of atherosclerosis was delayed on average by 10 years in women. Atherosclerosis was more prevalent in older individuals and predominantly found in the proximal left anterior descending artery. Prevalence of CCTA-detected atherosclerosis increased with increasing CAC scores. Among those with a CAC score >400, all had atherosclerosis and 45.7% had significant stenosis. In those with 0 CAC, 5.5% had atherosclerosis and 0.4% had significant stenosis. In participants with 0 CAC and intermediate 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease according to the pooled cohort equation, 9.2% had CCTA-verified atherosclerosis. Prevalence estimates had excellent external validity and changed marginally when adjusted to the age-matched Swedish background population.Conclusions: Using CCTA in a large, random sample of the general population without established disease, we showed that silent coronary atherosclerosis is common in this population. High CAC scores convey a significant probability of substantial stenosis, and 0 CAC does not exclude atherosclerosis, particularly in those at higher baseline risk.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Carlander, Anders, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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COVID-19 related distress in the Swedish population: Validation of the Swedish version of the COVID Stress Scales (CSS)
- 2022
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 17:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The COVID Stress Scales (CSS) assess health- and contamination-related distress in the face of a medical outbreak like the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Though the CSS is translated into 21 languages, it has not been validated in a Swedish national sample. Aim Our general objective is to provide a translation, replication, and validation of the CSS and test its convergent- and discriminant validity in relation to anxiety, health anxiety, depression, and stress in the general Swedish population. We also present latent psychometric properties by modelling based on item response theory. Methods Participants consisted of 3044 Swedish adults (> 18 years) from a pre-stratified (gender, age, and education) sample from The Swedish Citizen Panel. Mental health status was assessed by validated instruments, including the CSS, PHQ-4, SHAI-14, and PSS-10. Results Results indicate that our Swedish translation of CSS has good psychometric properties and consists of 5 correlated factors. Discussion The CSS is useful either as a unidimensional or multidimensional construct using the CSS scales to measure key facets of pandemic-related stress. Conclusions The findings support the cross-cultural validity of the CSS and its potential utility in understanding many of the emotional challenges posed by the current and future pandemics.
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| 4. |
- Carlander, Anders, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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The ever gap: The relationship between self-rated health and socio-economic inequalities in Sweden between 1999 and 2021
- 2023
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Ingår i: Social Sciences & Humanities Open. - 2590-2911. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Health inequality linked to socioeconomic status (SES) has increased in many parts of the world. Since economic inequality also has been reported to be on the rise, it is pivotal to investigate how socioeconomic inequality affects health disparities annually. The present study is based on a yearly repeated cross-sectional probability sample of Swedish citizens (N = 141 619) collected between 1999 and 2021. We show that the relative level of SES has increased significantly in Sweden. In addition, the level of economic inequality has also increased. Based on self-rated health (SRH), we report a clear disparity between low and high SES and subjective social class (SSS), where higher SES and SSS are associated with better SRH. We observe a stronger association between SRH and reported present SSS (i.e., subjective social class aimed at capturing current situation) than between SRH and reported childhood SSS (i.e., subjective social class focusing on the situation when growing up). We show that the annual marginal effect of SES is not increasing but instead contributes with a stable annual contribution on SRH. Interestingly, the annual effect of education on SRH was substantially attenuated when adjusting for income, whereas the effect of income on SRH was only moderately different when adjusting for education. Potential mechanisms and remedies are discussed.
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| 6. |
- Henriksson, Anders E., et al.
(författare)
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Identification of Potential Plasma Biomarkers for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Using Tandem Mass Tag Quantitative Proteomics
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proteomes. - : MDPI AG. - 2227-7382. ; 6:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plasma biomarkers that identify abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) rupture risk would greatly assist in stratifying patients with small aneurysms. Identification of such biomarkers has hitherto been unsuccessful over a range of studies using different methods. The present study used an alternative proteomic approach to find new, potential plasma AAA biomarker candidates. Pre-fractionated plasma samples from twelve patients with AAA and eight matched controls without aneurysm were analyzed by mass spectrometry applying a tandem mass tag (TMT) technique. Eight proteins were differentially regulated in patients compared to controls, including decreased levels of the enzyme bleomycin hydrolase. The down-regulation of this enzyme was confirmed in an extended validation study using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The TMT-based proteomic approach thus identified novel potential plasma biomarkers for AAA.
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| 7. |
- Häggström, Margaretha, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Att undervisa i hållbar utveckling - Relationellt perspektiv
- 2022
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Hur kan lärare arbeta med hållbar utveckling i en tid då globala kriser och klimatförändringar väcker både rädsla och oro? Och hur kan elever samtidigt känna hopp inför sin framtid och sitt vuxna liv? Dessa frågor är utgångspunkt för det utvecklings- och forskningsprojekt som utgör basen i denna bok. Du får följa med i berättelser som lärare och elever skapat tillsammans för att utveckla kunskap om social, ekologisk och ekonomisk hållbarhet. Boken redogör för de pedagogiska utgångspunkterna, men ger också rikligt med praktiska exempel på metoder och former för undervisning i och genom demokratiska och relationella förhållningssätt. Du får konkreta tips på hur du kan integrera hållbar utveckling i undervisningen. Såväl kritiska aspekter som lärdomar och möjligheter lyfts fram. I centrum står eleven och läraren utifrån det relationspedagogiska perspektivet. Att undervisa i hållbar utveckling: Relationellt perspektiv vänder sig till lärarstudenter och verksamma lärare i årskurs F-6. Bokens syfte är att inspirera, stödja och utgöra diskussionsunderlag i skolans arbete med miljöperspektivet och hållbar utveckling.
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| 8. |
- Karlsson, Therese, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of Single and Combined Serum Metabolites Associated with Food Intake
- 2022
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Ingår i: Metabolites. - : MDPI AG. - 2218-1989. ; 12:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Assessment of dietary intake is challenging. Traditional methods suffer from both random and systematic errors; thus objective measures are important complements in monitoring dietary exposure. The study presented here aims to identify serum metabolites associated with reported food intake and to explore whether combinations of metabolites may improve predictive models. Fasting blood samples and a 4-day weighed food diary were collected from healthy Swedish subjects (n = 119) self-defined as having habitual vegan, vegetarian, vegetarian + fish, or omnivore diets. Serum was analyzed for metabolites by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Associations between single and combined metabolites and 39 foods and food groups were explored. Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated for prediction models. In total, 24 foods or food groups associated with serum metabolites using the criteria of rho > 0.2, p < 0.01 and AUC ≥ 0.7 were identified. For the consumption of soybeans, citrus fruits and marmalade, nuts and almonds, green tea, red meat, poultry, total fish and shellfish, dairy, fermented dairy, cheese, eggs, and beer the final models included two or more metabolites. Our results indicate that a combination of metabolites improve the possibilities to use metabolites to identify several foods included in the current diet. Combined metabolite models should be confirmed in dose–response intervention studies.
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| 9. |
- Levin, Max, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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ATP depletion and cell death in the neonatal lamb ductus arteriosus
- 2005
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Ingår i: Pediatr Res. - 0031-3998. ; 57:6, s. 801-805
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Postnatal constriction of the full-term ductus arteriosus produces cell death and remodeling of the ductus wall. Using a bioluminescence imaging technique, we found that after birth, the lamb ductus develops ATP, glucose, and glycogen depletion in addition to hypoxia. In vitro studies showed that cell death correlates best with ATP depletion and is most marked when both glucose and oxygen are severely depleted; in addition, the degree of ATP depletion found in vivo is sufficient to account for the extensive degree of cell death that occurs after birth. Under hypoxic conditions, the immature ductus is more capable of preserving its ATP supply than the mature ductus as a result of increased glucose availability, glycogen stores, and glucose utilization. However, the immature ductus is just as susceptible as the mature ductus to ATP depletion when glucose supplies are restricted. The extensive degree of cell death that occurs in the newborn ductus after birth is associated primarily with ATP depletion. The increased glycolytic capacity of the immature ductus may enable it to tolerate episodes of hypoxia and nutrient shortage, making it more resistant to developing postnatal cell death and permanent closure.
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| 10. |
- Lindblad, Sverker, 1946, et al.
(författare)
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In education we trust: on handling the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Swedish welfare state
- 2021
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Ingår i: Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-663X .- 1862-5215. ; 24:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Keeping schools open was an active strategy in Sweden to meet the threats of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this article we analyze how a collection of welfare state agents with different tasks, resources and interests in interaction formed an assemblage in their responses to the pandemic and how education thereby became part of a strategy to keep the society going. The inquiries concern what this tells us about education as framed and constrained as a part of society. Our observations are based on statements presented by the government and public agencies, mass media and websites. We identified an assemblage of interwoven agents such as institutions, laws, regulations and recommendations, pandemic manuals, statistics and media. All these were brought together by actions and ideas to handle a pandemic when there were no preventive vaccines. The overarching principle was to educate the population to competent actions in dealing with the pandemic. To keep schools open was part of that principle combined with caretaking ambitions. This assemblage looked like a centralistic machine but it was not; risks were pushed back to local authorities and schools. In conclusion, we note that education is vital in the overarching strategy to deal with the pandemic in Sweden in terms of trust in people and governmentality.
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