| 1. |
- Skeppstedt, Maria, Dr. 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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From word clouds to Word Rain: Revisiting the classic word cloud to visualize climate change texts
- 2024
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Ingår i: Information Visualization. - : Sage Publications. - 1473-8716 .- 1473-8724. ; 23:3, s. 217-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Word Rain is a development of the classic word cloud. It addresses some of the limitations of word clouds, in particular the lack of a semantically motivated positioning of the words, and the use of font size as a sole indicator of word prominence. Word Rain uses the semantic information encoded in a distributional semantics-based language model – reduced into one dimension – to position the words along the x-axis. Thereby, the horizontal positioning of the words reflects semantic similarity. Font size is still used to signal word prominence, but this signal is supplemented with a bar chart, as well as with the position of the words on the y-axis. We exemplify the use of Word Rain by three concrete visualization tasks, applied on different real-world texts and document collections on climate change. In these case studies, word2vec models, reduced to one dimension with t-SNE, are used to encode semantic similarity, and TF-IDF is used for measuring word prominence. We evaluate the technique further by carrying out domain expert reviews.
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| 2. |
- Zeinali, Shokoufa, et al.
(författare)
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Optimizing the hydraulic power take-off system in a wave energy converter
- 2024
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Ingår i: Ocean Engineering. - : Elsevier. - 0029-8018 .- 1873-5258. ; 310
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims to determine the optimal pressure for the accumulator tank in a wave energy converter (WEC) with hydraulic power take-off (PTO) to maximize energy generation. A simulation-based approach was employed to analyze the buoy's performance with wave data generated from the Wafo toolbox using the generalized Pierson–Moskowitz (GPM) spectrum. These data were then fed into a Simulink model of the WEC system. Using output from the Simulink model, concave regression was applied to model the relationship between tank pressure and power output. Subsequently, a regression analysis was performed to model the optimal pressure as a function of wave steepness. The findings indicate a strong dependency of optimal pressure on wave steepness, suggesting that adjusting the accumulator tank pressure according to wave conditions can significantly enhance the WEC's energy output. This research contributes to the ongoing efforts to improve the efficiency of WECs and provides valuable insights for developing adaptive control strategies in WEC systems.
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| 3. |
- Budtz-Lilly, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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European Multicentric Experience With Fenestrated-branched ENDOvascular Stent Grafting After Previous FAILed Infrarenal Aortic Repair The EU-FBENDO-FAIL Registry
- 2023
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Ingår i: Annals of Surgery. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0003-4932 .- 1528-1140. ; 278:2, s. E389-E395
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective:To report the mid-term outcomes of fenestrated-branched endovascular aneurysm repair (F-BEVAR) following a failed previous endovascular aneurysm repair (pEVAR) or previous open aneurysm repair (pOAR).Methods:Data from consecutive patients who underwent F-BEVAR for pEVAR or pOAR from 2006 to 2021 from 17 European vascular centers were analyzed. Endpoints included technical success, major adverse events, 30-day mortality, and 5-year estimates of survival, target vessel primary patency, freedom from reinterventions, type I/III endoleaks, and sac growth >5 mm.Background:Treatment of a failed previous abdominal aortic aneurysm repair is a complex undertaking. F-BEVAR is becoming an increasingly attractive option, although comparative data are limited regarding associated risk factors, indications for treatment, and various outcomes.Results:There were 526 patients included, 268 pOAR and 258 pEVAR. The median time from previous repair to F-BEVAR was 7 (interquartile range, 4-12) years, 5 (3-8) for pEVAR, and 10 (6-14) for pOAR, P<0.001. Predominant indication for treatment was type Ia endoleak for pEVAR and progression of the disease for pOAR. Technical success was 92.8%, pOAR (92.2%), and pEVAR (93.4%), P=0.58. The 30-day mortality was 6.5% overall, 6.7% for pOAR, and 6.2% for pEVAR, P=0.81. There were 1853 treated target vessels with 5-year estimates of primary patency of 94.4%, pEVAR (95.2%), and pOAR (94.4%), P=0.03. Five-year estimates for freedom from type I/III endoleaks were similar between groups; freedom from reintervention was lower for pEVAR (38.3%) than for pOAR (56.0%), P=0.004. The most common indication for reinterventions was for type I/III endoleaks (37.5%).Conclusions:Repair of a failed pEVAR or pOARis safe and feasible with comparable technical success and survival rates. While successful treatment can be achieved, significant rates of reintervention should be anticipated, particularly for issues related to instability of target vessels/bridging stents.
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| 4. |
- Grenegård, Magnus, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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The cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic piperazinyl-purine analogue MK177 is a bifunctional drug with promising therapeutic potential
- 2023
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Ingår i: British Journal of Pharmacology. - : Macmillan Publishers Ltd.. - 0007-1188 .- 1476-5381. ; 180:Suppl. 1, s. 158-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: Nitrate ester bearing 6-piperazinyl-purine analogues (denoted MK drugs) are cardioprotective in infarction animal models and act as inhibitors of Janus kinase (JAK) and Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) [1-3]. Despite the presence of nitrate ester moiety, the MK drugs do not release nitric oxide (NO).Methods: We utilized organic chemistry platforms to design a dinitrate ester derivative denoted MK177, cell-free and cellular assays to elucidate antithrom-botic and anti-ischemic mechanisms. Furthermore, we also used tissue models to analyze vasodilation, and animal models to evaluate drug activities in vivo.Results: In anesthetized pigs, intravenous infusion of MK177 produced“nitroglycerin-like”effects on vital parameters. Analysis of exhaled air confirmed release of NO. MK177 caused concentration-dependent relaxation of iliac arteries (87±6.8 % relaxation of precontracted arteries, mean value ±SD, n=5) and this effect was mediated by activation of the NO/cyclic GMP signaling pathway. It is noteworthy that other mononitrate or non-nitrate MKs did not cause NO-induced vasodilation. In cellular model systems, MK177 evoked antithrombotic effects by targeting ROCK in a NO-independent manner. Specifically, MK177 inhibited platelet aggregation induced by collagen (72±12.6 % inhibition of aggregation, mean value±SD, n=7). Western blot analyses confirmed that MK177 reduced ROCK-dependent phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase sub-unit (MYPT-1) in platelets. Finally, kinase screening assay revealed that MK177 concentration-dependently inhibited ROCK and JAK (Kd values around 5μM).Conclusion: We have developed a bifunctional drug molecule, MK177, that acts by NO-dependent and NO-independent mechanisms. MK 177 induced car-diovascular NO effects in vivo and relaxed vessels in vitro. MK177 also prevented blood platelet activation via NO-independent ROCK inhibition. The bifunctional nature of MK177 can be of significance in future management of thrombotic and ischemic disease. Collectively, the novel cardio-protective and bifunctional drug MK177 has promising therapeutic potential.References:1. Koufaki M, Fotopoulou T, Iliodromitis EK, Bibli SI, Zoga A, Kremastinos DT, Andreadou I. Discovery of 6-[4-(6-nitroxyhexanoyl)(piperazin-1-yl)]-9H-purine, as pharmacological post-conditioning agent. Bioorg Med Chem. 2012;20(19):5948-5956. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2012.07.0372. Kardeby C, Paramel GV, Pournara D, Fotopoulou T, Sirsjö A, Koufaki M, Fransén K, Grenegård M. A novel purine analogue bearing nitrate ester prevents platelet activation by ROCK activity inhibition. Eur J Pharmacol. 2019;15(857):172428-172434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.1724283. Paramel GV, Lindkvist M, Idosa BA, Sebina LS, Kardeby C, Fotopoulou T, Pournara D, Kritsi E, Ifanti E, Zervou M, Koufaki M, Grenegård M, Fransén K. Novel purine analogues regulate IL-1βrelease via inhibition of JAK activity in human aortic smooth muscle cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2022;15(929):175128-175135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175128
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| 5. |
- Helsing, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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BESTÅR – Beständig betong med återvunnen ballast
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BESTÅR – Durable concrete with recycled aggregate In this project the properties of different types of recycled aggregate were investigated: recycled excavated masses, recycled construction and demolition waste (CDW), and reclaimed crushed concrete from concrete production. The content of different minerals, rocks, manmade materials, and chemical substances has been analysed, as well as the freeze-thaw resistance and alkali-silica reactivity. In addition to the testing of aggregate properties, concrete with recycled CDW was tested with respect to compressive strength, freeze-thaw resistance, carbonation resistance, and the risk for deleterious alkali silica reactions. The high water absorption of recycled CDW and reclaimed crushed concrete means that these materials can not be regarded as freeze-thaw resistant. As expected, the freeze-thaw resistance testing in salt water resulted in about five times as extensive scaling for concrete where 30% of the coarse aggregate fraction consisted of recycled CDW, as anticipated with concrete with only natural aggregates of typical igneous and metamorphic rocks. The content of potentially alkali-silica reactive particles was low in all batches (<8 %) and all batches were classified as innocuous aggregate when tested with RILEM AAR-2 and NT Build 295. When concrete with 30 % of the coarse aggregate consisting of recycled CDW and with two different binder compositions was tested, neither exceeded the maximum accepted expansion value. However, the results indicated that when the effective alkali content of the concrete is calculated, the alkali content of aggregate of recycled CDW or crushed reclaimed concrete must be included. The replacement of up to 30 % of the coarse aggregate by recycled CDW did not affect the concrete strength development, and the carbonation resistance even increased. Due to the higher water absorption of recycled CDW, it should be ascertained that all accessible pores in the aggregate are filled with water during mixing of the concrete, to avoid negative effects on the water-to-cement ratio and misleading measured air content.
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| 6. |
- Lindström, Johan, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Telephone follow-up as a part of the sepsis care process
- 2023
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Ingår i: Lakartidningen. - 1652-7518. ; 120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a pilot study of telephone follow-up as a part of the sepsis care process, no direct patient benefit could be demonstrated. A nurse with competency in infectious diseases called patients two to six weeks post-discharge after inpatient sepsis care to assess the need for further medical attention. Out of 51 eligible patients, only 21 telephone follow-ups could be realized. Supporting recommendations could be given in nine cases, but no direct medical advice was given. The follow-up was resource intensive; for each supporting recommendation, time used was calculated to 279 minutes. There is a lack of evidence for unselected follow-up after sepsis care, and the recommendation should be reworked. It is crucial that care processes are systematically evaluated, and there is need for a structure to revise the processes after implementation.
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| 7. |
- Malmgren, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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The complexity of kidney disease and diagnosing it - Cystatin C, selective glomerular hypofiltration syndromes and proteome regulation.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 293:3, s. 293-308
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Estimation of kidney function is often part of daily clinical practice, mostly done by using the endogenous GFR-markers creatinine or cystatin C. A recommendation to use both markers in parallel in 2010 has resulted in new knowledge concerning the pathophysiology of kidney disorders by identification of a new set of kidney disorders, selective glomerular hypofiltration syndromes. These syndromes, connected to strong increases in mortality and morbidity, are characterised by a selective reduction in the glomerular filtration of 5-30 kDa molecules, such as cystatin C, compared to the filtration of small molecules < 1kDa dominating the glomerular filtrate e.g., water, urea, creatinine. At least two types of such disorders, shrunken or elongated pore syndrome, are possible according to the pore model for glomerular filtration. Selective glomerular hypofiltration syndromes are prevalent in investigated populations, and patients with these syndromes often display normal measured GFR or creatinine-based GFR-estimates. The syndromes are characterised by proteomic changes promoting the development of atherosclerosis, indicating antibodies and specific receptor-blocking substances as possible new treatment modalities. Presently, the KDIGO guidelines for diagnosing kidney disorders do not recommend cystatin C as a general marker of kidney function and will therefore not allow the identification of a considerable number of patients with selective glomerular hypofiltration syndromes. Furthermore, as cystatin C is uninfluenced by muscle mass, diet or variations in tubular secretion and cystatin C-based GFR-estimation equations do not require controversial race or sex terms, it is obvious that cystatin C should be a part of future KDIGO guidelines.
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| 8. |
- Ohrelius, Mathilda, et al.
(författare)
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Lifetime Limitations in Multi-Service Battery Energy Storage Systems
- 2023
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Ingår i: Energies. - : MDPI AG. - 1996-1073. ; 16:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A reliable power grid system based on renewable energy sources is a crucial step to restrict the climate crisis. Stationary battery energy storage systems (BESS) offer a great potential to repel power fluctuations in the grid at different timescales. However, for a reliable operation and cost estimation, the degradation in the batteries needs to be understood. We present an accelerated battery degradation study, on single as well as multi-service applications, of NCM532/Gr lithium-ion battery cells. Frequency regulation (FR) was the least harmful for the battery, with an expected lifetime of 12 years, while peak shaving (PS) resulted in an expected lifetime of 8 years. The combined cycle (FRPS) accelerated the capacity loss, and degradation of the positive electrode was induced from the start of cycling, causing power limitations after only 870 equivalent full cycles (EFC). Tracking the 1C-rate discharge capacity was proven to be a good indication of the accelerated cell polarization, and it can serve as a useful method to evaluate the internal battery state of health (SOH).
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| 9. |
- D'Oria, Mario, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of early and mid-term outcomes after fenestrated-branched endovascular aortic repair in patients with or without prior infrarenal repair
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Endovascular Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 1526-6028 .- 1545-1550. ; 29:4, s. 544-554
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare short- and mid-term outcomes of fenestrated-branched endovascular repair (F-BEVAR) of pararenal (PRAA)/thoracoabdominal (TAAA) aortic aneurysms in patients with or without prior endovascular/open (EVAR/OAR) infrarenal aortic repair.Methods: Data from consecutive F-BEVAR (2010-2019) at two high-volume aortic centers were retrospectively reviewed. Primary endpoints were technical success, 30-day mortality, and overall survival. Secondary endpoints included 30-day major adverse events (MAE), freedom from type I/III endoleaks, reinterventions, sac expansion, and target vessel (TV) primary patency.Results: A total of 222 consecutive patients were included for analysis; of these 58 (26.1%) had prior infrarenal repair (EVAR=33, OAR=25) and 164 (73.9%) had native PRAA/TAAA. At baseline, patients with prior infrarenal repair were older (mean age=75.1 vs 71.6 years, p=.005) and the proportion of females was lower (8.6% vs 29.3%, p=.002). Technical success was 97.8% (n=217) in the entire cohort, without any significant differences between study groups (94.8% vs 98.8%, p=.08). At 30 days, there were no significant differences between patients with prior infrarenal repair as compared with those without in rate of MAE (44.8% vs 54.9%, p=.59). The 5-year estimate of survival for those who underwent native aortic repair was 61.6%, versus 61.3% for those who had a previous repair (p=.67). The 5-year freedom from endoleaks I/III estimates were significantly lower in patients who had prior infrarenal repair as compared with patients undergoing treatment of native aneurysms (57.1% vs 66.1%, p=.03), mainly owing to TV-related endoleaks (ie, type IC and/or IIIC endoleaks). No significant differences were found between study groups in rates of reinterventions and TV primary patency. Five-year estimates of freedom from sac increase >5mm were significantly lower in patients who received F-BEVAR after previous infrarenal repair as compared with those who underwent treatment of native aneurysms (48.6% vs 77.5%, p=.002).Conclusions: F-BEVAR is equally safe and feasible for treatment of patients with prior infrarenal repair as compared with those undergoing treatment for native aneurysms. Increased rates of TV-related endoleaks were observed which could lead to lower freedom from aneurysm sac shrinkage during follow-up. Nevertheless, the 5-year rates of reinterventions and TV patency were similar, thereby indicating that overall effectiveness of treatment remained satisfactory at mid-term.
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| 10. |
- Lindström, Johan, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of the FilmArray ME panel in 4199 consecutively tested cerebrospinal fluid samples
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinical Microbiology and Infection. - : Elsevier BV. - 1198-743X. ; 28:1, s. 79-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: In central nervous system infections, early and correct management is of utmost importance. Rapid syndromic panel testing can potentially provide valuable guidance. The FilmArray meningitis/encephalitis (ME) panel detects 14 pathogens through multiplex PCR. Our study objectives were to assess its performance compared with established diagnostic procedures, especially real-time quantitative PCR for detection of viruses, and to determine the diagnostic and clinical significance of discrepant results. Methods: All cerebrospinal fluid samples sent for viral diagnostics to our microbiological laboratory over 34 months were analysed with the ME panel and in-house real-time PCR for herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), HSV-2, varicella zoster virus and enteroviruses. Other pathogens detected by the panel were confirmed by routine diagnostic procedures. Discrepant results were analysed through interpretation of biological and clinical data, and performance data were calculated for individual pathogens. Results: Altogether, 315 pathogens were detected by the ME panel in 4199 cerebrospinal fluid samples (7.5%) and an additional 21 viral targets were identified using real-time PCR. Thirty-four ME panel detections were not confirmed, totalling 55 discrepant results. After discrepancy analysis, 20 false-positive and 21 false-negative ME panel results remained. Performance varied between pathogens. Sensitivity for HSV-1 was calculated at 82.4% (59.0%–93.8%) with three false-negative results. Also noteworthy were 13 false-negative enterovirus and eight false-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae results. Conclusions: Our analysis shows good performance for the ME panel in diagnosing central nervous system infection. The risk of false-negative HSV-1 results, however, warrants additional testing when encephalitis is suspected. Uncertainties in interpretation of enterovirus and S. pneumoniae results represent other limitations. © 2021 The Author(s)
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