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Sökning: WFRF:(Lissner Lauren 1956) > Ahrens Wolfgang

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1.
  • Bentham, James, et al. (författare)
  • A century of trends in adult human height
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: eLIFE. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 5
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5–22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3– 19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8– 144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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2.
  • Börnhorst, Claudia, et al. (författare)
  • Potential selection effects when estimating associations between the infancy peak or adiposity rebound and later body mass index in children
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. - London : Nature Publishing Group. - 0307-0565 .- 1476-5497. ; 41:4, s. 518-526
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • INTRODUCTION:This study aims to evaluate a potential selection effect caused by exclusion of children with non-identifiable infancy peak (IP) and adiposity rebound (AR) when estimating associations between age and body mass index (BMI) at IP and AR and later weight statusSUBJECTS AND METHODS: In 4744 children with at least 4 repeated measurements of height and weight in the age interval from 0 to 8 years (37 998 measurements) participating in the IDEFICS (Identification and Prevention of Dietary- and Lifestyle-Induced Health Effects in Children and Infants)/I.Family cohort study, fractional polynomial multilevel models were used to derive individual BMI trajectories. Based on these trajectories, age and BMI at IP and AR, BMI values and growth velocities at selected ages as well as the area under the BMI curve were estimated. The BMI growth measures were standardized and related to later BMI z-scores (mean age at outcome assessment: 9.2 years).RESULTS: Age and BMI at IP and AR were not identifiable in 5.4% and 7.8% of the children, respectively. These groups of children showed a significantly higher BMI growth during infancy and childhood. In the remaining sample, BMI at IP correlated almost perfectly (r⩾0.99) with BMI at ages 0.5, 1 and 1.5 years, whereas BMI at AR correlated perfectly with BMI at ages 4-6 years (r⩾0.98). In the total study group, BMI values in infancy and childhood were positively associated with later BMI z-scores where associations increased with age. Associations between BMI velocities and later BMI z-scores were largest at ages 5 and 6 years. Results differed for children with non-identifiable IP and AR, demonstrating a selection effect.CONCLUSIONS: IP and AR may not be estimable in children with higher-than-average BMI growth. Excluding these children from analyses may result in a selection bias that distorts effect estimates. BMI values at ages 1 and 5 years might be more appropriate to use as predictors for later weight status instead. © 2017 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved.
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3.
  • Regber, Susann, 1956-, et al. (författare)
  • Assessment of selection bias in a health survey of children and families – the IDEFICS Sweden-study
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - London : BioMed Central. - 1471-2458. ; 13
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: A health survey was performed in 2007-2008 in the IDEFICS/Sweden study (Identification and prevention of dietary- and lifestyle-induced health effects in children and infants) in children aged 2-9 years. We hypothesized that families with disadvantageous socioeconomic and -demographic backgrounds and children with overweight and obesity were underrepresented.METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, we compared Swedish IDEFICS participants (N=1,825) with referent children (N=1,825) using data from Statistics Sweden population registers. IDEFICS participants were matched for age and gender with a referent child living in the same municipality. Longitudinal weight and height data from birth to 8 years was collected for both populations (n=3,650) from the children's local health services. Outcome measures included the family's socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, maternal body mass index (BMI) and smoking habits before pregnancy, the children's BMI standard deviation score (SDS) at the age of inclusion in the IDEFICS study (BMISDS-index), and the children's BMI-categories during the age-span. Comparisons between groups were done and a multiple logistic regression analysis for the study of determinants of participation in the IDEFICS study was performed.RESULTS: Compared with IDEFICS participants, referent families were more likely to have lower education and income, foreign backgrounds, be single parents, and have mothers who smoked before pregnancy. Maternal BMI before pregnancy and child's BMISDS-index did not differ between groups. Comparing the longitudinal data-set, the prevalence of obesity was significantly different at age 8 years n= 45 (4.5%) versus n= 31 (2.9%) in the referent and IDEFICS populations, respectively. In the multivariable adjusted model, the strongest significant association with IDEFICS study participation was parental Swedish background (odds ratio (OR) = 1.91, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.48-2.47) followed by parents having high education OR 1.80, 95% CI (1.02-3.16) and being married or co-habiting OR 1.75 95% CI (1.38-2.23).CONCLUSION: Families with single parenthood, foreign background, low education and income were underrepresented in the IDEFICS Sweden study. BMI at inclusion had no selection effect, but developing obesity was significantly greater among referents. © 2013 Regber et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
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4.
  • Regber, Susann, 1956-, et al. (författare)
  • Family Socioeconomic Status and Participation Bias in the Swedish IDEFICS Health Survey of Young Children : Implications for Health Promoting Interventions?
  • 2014
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Childhood obesity has an uneven socioeconomic distribution. In health interventions, equity aspects are crucial. In 2007–2008, the IDEFICS/Sweden health survey (Identification and prevention of dietary- and lifestyle-induced health effects in children and infants) was performed in children aged 2–9 years, followed by a health promoting community intervention.Aims: To assess if families with disadvantageous socioeconomic and -demographic backgrounds and children with obesity were underrepresented.Methods:  IDEFICS participants (N = 1,825) were compared with a referent child matched for age, gender and municipality (N = 1,825) by using registers from Statistics Sweden. Longitudinal growth data from birth to 8 years was collected from local health services (n = 3,650) to compare children's BMI standard deviation score (SDS) at age of inclusion in the IDEFICS study (BMI SDS-index) and the children's BMI-categories during the age-span between the groups.Results: The referent population had significantly lower education and income, more often foreign backgrounds, single parenthood and mother-smokers than the IDEFICS population. BMI SDS-index at inclusion did not differ between groups but the obesity prevalence differed significantly at age 8 years (referents: 4.5% vs. IDEFICS: 2.9%). In the multivariate adjusted model, parental Swedish background showed the strongest association to participation (odds ratio = 1.91, 95% confidence interval (1.48–2.47).Conclusion:  Children with disadvantageous socioeconomic and -demographic backgrounds were underrepresented in the Swedish IDEFICS study. BMI at inclusion had no selection effect, but developing obesity was significantly greater among referents. Selection biases are important to consider when interpreting results from health surveys and in planning intervention programmes.
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5.
  • Bammann, Karin, et al. (författare)
  • Assessment of diet, physical activity and biological, social and environmental factors in a multi-centre European project on diet- and lifestyle-related disorders in children (IDEFICS)
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Journal of Public Health. - 0943-1853 .- 1613-2238. ; 14, s. 279-289
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Obesity is a major public health problem in developed countries. We present a European project, called Identification and Prevention of Dietary and Lifestyle-induced Health Effects in Children and Infants (IDEFICS), that focuses on diet- and lifestyle-related diseases in children. This paper outlines methodological aspects and means of quality control in IDEFICS. IDEFICS will use a multicentre survey design of a population-based cohort of about 17,000 2- to 10-year-old children in nine European countries (Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Spain and Sweden). The project will investigate the impact of dietary factors such as food intake and food preferences, lifestyle factors such as physical activity, psychosocial factors and genetic factors on the development of obesity and other selected diet- and lifestyle-related disorders. An intervention study will be set up in pre-school and primary school settings in eight of the survey centres. Standardised survey instruments will be designed during the first phase of the project and applied in the surveys by all centres. Standard operation procedures (SOPs) will be developed, as well as a plan for training the personnel involved in the surveys. These activities will be accompanied by a quality control strategy that will encompass the evaluation of process and result quality throughout the project. IDEFICS will develop comparable Europe-wide health indicators and instruments for data collection among young children. Establishment of a new European cohort within IDEFICS will provide a unique opportunity to document the development of the obesity epidemic in the current generation of young Europeans and investigate the impact of primary prevention in European children populations.
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6.
  • Bogl, Leonie H, et al. (författare)
  • Like me, like you - relative importance of peers and siblings on children's fast food consumption and screen time but not sports club participation depends on age.
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1479-5868. ; 17:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Lifestyle interventions to prevent paediatric obesity often target family and peer settings; their success is likely to depend on the influence that peers and families exert on children's lifestyle behaviors at different developmental stages.First, to determine whether children's lifestyle behavior more closely resembles their peers' or siblings' behaviors. Secondly, to investigate longitudinally whether children's behavioral change is predicted by that of their peers or their siblings as they grow older.The European prospective IDEFICS/I.Family cohort (baseline survey: 2007/2008, first follow-up: 2009/2010, and second follow-up: 2013/2014) aims at investigating risk factors for overweight and related behaviors during childhood and adolescence. The present investigation includes 2694 observations of children and their siblings aged 2 to 18 years. Peers were defined as same-sex, same-age children in the same community and identified from the full cohort. The longitudinal analysis (mean follow-up time: 3.7 years) includes 525 sibling pairs. Children's lifestyle behaviors including fast food consumption (frequency/week), screen time (hours/week) and sports club participation (hours/week) were assessed by questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multilevel linear models.Children's lifestyle behavior was associated with the respective behavior of their peers and sibling for all 3 behaviors. For fast food consumption, the peer resemblance was more than 6-fold higher than the sibling resemblance and the peer resemblance surpassed the sibling resemblance by the age of 9-10 years. The similarities with peers for fast food consumption and screen time steadily increased, while the similarities with siblings steadily decreased with increasing age of the children (Pinteraction < 0.001). In contrast, the relative importance of peers and siblings on sports club duration did not vary by the age of the children. Longitudinal results showed that children's changes in fast food consumption were more strongly associated with those in their peer group than their sibling, in particular if the age gap between siblings was large.In conclusion, our results support the implementation of multi-setting interventions for improving lifestyle behaviors in children. Our findings might also guide future intervention studies in the choice of timing and setting in which interventions are likely to be most effective. From the ages of 9-10 years onwards, family- or home-based interventions targeting children's fast food intake and screen time behavior may become less effective than school- or community-based interventions aimed at peer groups.
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7.
  • Börnhorst, Claudia, et al. (författare)
  • Metabolic status in children and its transitions during childhood and adolescence-the IDEFICS/I.Family study.
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: International journal of epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1464-3685 .- 0300-5771. ; 48:5, s. 1673-1683
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study aimed to investigate metabolic status in children and its transitions into adolescence.The analysis was based on 6768 children who participated in the European IDEFICS/I.Family cohort (T0 2007/2008, T1 2009/2010 and/or T3 2013/2014; mean ages: 6.6, 8.4 and 12.0 years, respectively) and provided at least two measurements of waist circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose and lipids over time. Latent transition analysis was used to identify groups with similar metabolic status and to estimate transition probabilities.The best-fitting model identified five latent groups: (i) metabolically healthy (61.5%; probability for group membership at T0); (ii) abdominal obesity (15.9%); (iii) hypertension (7.0%); (iv) dyslipidaemia (9.0%); and (v) several metabolic syndrome (MetS) components (6.6%). The probability of metabolically healthy children at T0 remaining healthy at T1 was 86.6%; when transitioning from T1 to T3, it was 90.1%. Metabolically healthy children further had a 6.7% probability of developing abdominal obesity at T1. Children with abdominal obesity at T0 had an 18.5% probability of developing several metabolic syndrome (MetS) components at T1. The subgroup with dyslipidaemia at T0 had the highest chances of becoming metabolically healthy at T1 (32.4%) or at T3 (35.1%). Only a minor proportion of children showing several MetS components at T0 were classified as healthy at follow-up; 99.8% and 88.3% remained in the group with several disorders at T1 and T3, respectively.Our study identified five distinct metabolic statuses in children and adolescents. Although lipid disturbances seem to be quite reversible, abdominal obesity is likely to be followed by further metabolic disturbances.
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8.
  • Börnhorst, Claudia, et al. (författare)
  • The role of lifestyle and non-modifiable risk factors in the development of metabolic disturbances from childhood to adolescence.
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: International journal of obesity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5497 .- 0307-0565. ; 44
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The study aimed to identify the effects of lifestyle, C-reactive protein (CRP) and non-modifiable risk factors on metabolic disturbances in the transition from childhood to adolescence.In 3889 children of the IDEFICS/I.Family cohort, latent transition analysis was applied to estimate probabilities of metabolic disturbances based on waist circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipids assessed at baseline and at 2- and 6-year follow-ups. Multivariate mixed-effects models were used to assess the age-dependent associations of lifestyle, non-modifiable risk factors and CRP, with the transformed probabilities of showing abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, or several metabolic disturbances (reference: being metabolically healthy).Higher maternal body mass index, familial hypertension as well as higher CRP z-score increased the risk for all four metabolic outcomes while low/medium parental education increased the risk of abdominal obesity and of showing several metabolic disturbances. Out of the lifestyle factors, the number of media in the bedroom, membership in a sports club, and well-being were associated with some of the outcomes. For instance, having at least one media in the bedroom increased the risk for showing several metabolic disturbances where the odds ratio (OR) markedly increased with age (1.30 [95% confidence interval 1.18; 1.43] at age 8; 1.18 [1.14; 1.23] for interaction with age; i.e., resulting in an OR of 1.30 × 1.18 = 1.53 at age 9 and so forth). Further, entering puberty at an early age was strongly associated with the risk of abdominal obesity (2.43 [1.60; 3.69] at age 8; 0.75 [0.69; 0.81] for interaction with age) and the risk of showing several metabolic disturbances (2.46 [1.53; 3.96] at age 8; 0.71 [0.65; 0.77] for interaction with age).Various factors influence the metabolic risk of children revealing the need for multifactorial interventions. Specifically, removing media from children's bedroom as well as membership in a sports club seem to be promising targets for prevention.
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9.
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10.
  • Dello Russo, Marika, et al. (författare)
  • Dietary Diversity and Its Association with Diet Quality and Health Status of European Children, Adolescents, and Adults : Results from the I.Family Study
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Foods. - : MDPI. - 2304-8158. ; 12:24
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Dietary diversity (DD) plays a crucial role in fostering high-quality diets, but its association with health outcomes, particularly body adiposity and non-communicable diseases (NCDs), is inconsistent. This may be due to a lack of a standardized method for estimating DD. Our study investigates the association between two DD indices, namely the dietary diversity score (DDS) and food variety score (FVS), and anthropometric measures, biochemical parameters, and diet quality in a large population sample from the I.Family study across research centers in eight European countries. In our cross-sectional analysis of 3035 participants, DDSs varied among countries, with a higher prevalence in the third DDS tertile among those with higher education. DDS showed a positive association with diet quality across all age groups. Higher DDS tertile individuals showed increased fiber, fruit, and vegetable intake, greater meal frequency, and lower ultra-processed food consumption. No relevant biochemical differences were observed across DDS tertiles, and a higher DDS was associated with lower overweight/obesity prevalence only in adults. No significant associations were found with FVS. Our findings emphasize the need to consider food groups for a more accurate estimation of diet quality. This aligns with studies suggesting DDS alone is not an independent risk factor for obesity in children and adolescents. Public health programs should prioritize food diversity to promote improved nutrition and overall well-being in communities. 
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