| 1. |
- Delios, A., et al.
(författare)
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Examining the generalizability of research findings from archival data
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 119:30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This initiative examined systematically the extent to which a large set of archival research findings generalizes across contexts. We repeated the key analyses for 29 original strategic management effects in the same context (direct reproduction) as well as in 52 novel time periods and geographies; 45% of the reproductions returned results matching the original reports together with 55% of tests in different spans of years and 40% of tests in novel geographies. Some original findings were associated with multiple new tests. Reproducibility was the best predictor of generalizability-for the findings that proved directly reproducible, 84% emerged in other available time periods and 57% emerged in other geographies. Overall, only limited empirical evidence emerged for context sensitivity. In a forecasting survey, independent scientists were able to anticipate which effects would find support in tests in new samples.
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| 2. |
- Harrington, Robert J., et al.
(författare)
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International Hospitality Development : Training to Enhance the Understanding of ‘The Art of Hospitality’ Business Model
- 2020
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Ingår i: The Routledge Companion to International Hospitality Management. - New York : Routledge. - 9781138386372 - 9780429426834 ; , s. 106-116
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While the concept of international hospitality management as a specific business model has received much debate, this chapter describes an internationally-derived model and key components associated with what is the "art of hospitality". Second, it provides initial analysis of an adapted approach to training students and practitioners using analogies, metaphors and examples to express understanding as part of developing a hospitality professional culture. The authors defined an acronym for 'the art of hospitality' as TAOH; the resulting model emerged that included core aspects described as 1) the art of thinking small, 2) the art of innovation and creativity, 3) the art of tacit knowledge, 4) the art of the experience, 5) the art of exceeding expectations, and 6) instilling a hospitality heart. Further, this chapter asks and addresses-what is international hospitality business? Is it a business model? Does it have key factors that are shared across geographic locations? And, how might this be communicated to current and future professionals in the industry? While the authors do not propose that the six factors in the TAOH framework are all inclusive, these factors emerged as important for integrating into a socialization process, firm culture and business logic mindset. An important contribution of this chapter is to ask and express-how to plan training programs using dialogue methods to enhance understanding of TAOH and communicate to staff. This understanding by industry professionals is likely to increase empathy and understanding of consumer needs and values, create higher self-worth in understanding the importance of hospitality in stakeholders quality of life, and enhance understanding of how the concept of hospitality as an internationally-derived business model can be articulated to peers and subordinates by leaders in the field.
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| 3. |
- Vezzoli, Carlo, et al.
(författare)
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Product-service system design for sustainability
- 2014
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This book, based on a huge European and Asian research project, is a state-of-the-art examination of the theory and practice of system innovation through Product-Service System (PSS) design for sustainability from a trans-cultural viewpoint. PSS design incorporates innovative strategies that shift businesses away from simply designing and selling physical products to developing integrated systems of products and services that satisfy human needs. The book provides background, advice and tools for designers interested in sustainable PSSs and has a wealth of case studies for practitioners to digest.
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| 4. |
- Xu, Chi, et al.
(författare)
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Macroecological factors explain large-scale spatial population patterns of ancient agriculturalists
- 2015
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Ingår i: Global Ecology and Biogeography. - : Wiley. - 0960-7447 .- 1466-822X. ; 24:9, s. 1030-1039
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: It has been well demonstrated that the large-scale distribution patterns of numerous species are driven by similar macroecological factors. However, understanding of this topic remains limited when applied to our own species. Here we take a large-scale look at ancient agriculturalist populations over the past two millennia. The main aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the patterns of agriculturalist populations were shaped by relevant macroecological factors.Location: China.Methods: Using detailed historical census data, we reconstructed spatial patterns of human population density over 13 imperial dynasties in ancient China, which was dominated by agrarian societies. We used simultaneous autoregressive models to examine the population densities of agriculturalists in relation to climatic, topographic, edaphic and hydrological variables, together with the spatial structure of a concentration of population toward national capitals. The pure and shared effects of these variables and the population-concentration structure were decomposed using a variation partitioning procedure.Results: Spatial population patterns of ancient agriculturalists can be well modelled by climate, topography, soil properties and local hydrological systems. A plausible explanation is that by influencing crop yield these environmental factors essentially drive the distribution of agriculturalists. The population-concentration structure can also explain agriculturalist patterns to a considerable extent. This structure and those environmental factors have largely shared effects in simultaneously shaping these agriculturalist patterns.Main conclusions: While humans can effectively temper environmental constraints at small spatial scales, our results demonstrate that macroecological factors underpin the spatial patterns of humans at large scales. Macroecological constraints and their relative importance are found to be similar for humans and other species, suggesting that similar mechanisms are likely to underlie these macroecological patterns. Our findings have potential implications for the assessment of future responses of humans to global environmental changes.
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