| 1. |
- Guerova, G., et al.
(författare)
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National Status Reports
- 2020
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Ingår i: Advanced GNSS Tropospheric Products for Monitoring Severe Weather Events and Climate. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783030139001 ; , s. 403-481
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this section a summary of the national progress reports is given. GNSS4SWEC Management Committee (MC) members provided outline of the work conducted in their countries combining input from different partners involved. In the COST Action paticipated member from 32 COST countries, 1 Near Neighbour Country and 8 Intrantional Partners from Australia, Canada, Hong Kong and USA. The text reflects the state as of 1 January 2018.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Huang, D., et al.
(författare)
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CMOS device reliability : A modified charge-pumping method for the characterization of interface-trap generation in MOSFETs
- 2011
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Ingår i: Selected Semiconductor Research. - : World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd. ; , s. 301-308
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A novel recovery-free interface-trap measurement method is presented in detail. This method is the modification of the conventional charge pumping (CP) by extending the pulse low-level to the stress-bias and minimizing the pulse high-level duty cycle to suppress the recovery effect. The method is applied to study the negative-bias temperature instability in p-MOSFETs. As compared with the conventional CP, a much larger interface-trap generation under stress is observed by the new method. A power law time dependence (~ tn) of interface-trap generation is observed. The index n is less than that derived from conventional CP and increases with temperature, demonstrating a dispersive process involved in the trap generation dynamics.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Navarrete-Miguel, M., et al.
(författare)
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Quantum chemistry of the excited state : Recent trends in methods developments and applications
- 2019
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Ingår i: Photochemistry. - Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 1465-1947. - 9781788013369 ; , s. 28-77
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Advances (2016-2017) in Quantum Chemistry of the Excited State (QCEX) are presented in this book chapter focusing firstly on developments of methodology and excited-state reaction-path computational strategies and secondly on the applications of QCEX to study light-matter interaction in distinct fields of biology, (nano)-technology, medicine and the environment. We highlight in this contribution developments of static and dynamic electron-correlation methods and methodological approaches to determine dynamical properties, recent examples of the roles of conical intersections, novel DNA spectroscopy and photochemistry findings, photo-sensitisation mechanisms in biological structures and the current knowledge on chemi-excitation mechanisms that give rise to light emission (in the chemiluminescence and bioluminescence phenomena).
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Feng, X. -T, et al.
(författare)
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Research and application on coupled t-h-m-c processes of geological media in china - a review
- 2004
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Ingår i: Coupled Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical-Chemical Processes in Geo-Systems — Fundamentals, Modelling, Experiments and Applications. - : Elsevier. ; , s. 37-48
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Theoretical models of coupled T-H-M-C processes of geological media and the associated numerical solutions have become an attractive research focus in geomechanics and related fields in China. This paper provides a systematic overview of the past progress in the fundamental studies of the coupled THM models and numerical methods, and their applications in the fields of oil/gas reservoir, coal mining, and water resources engineering works. The key areas of weakness in research in this field are also outlined and possible directions for the future development are discussed.
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| 8. |
- Harrington, Robert J., et al.
(författare)
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International Hospitality Development : Training to Enhance the Understanding of ‘The Art of Hospitality’ Business Model
- 2020
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Ingår i: The Routledge Companion to International Hospitality Management. - New York : Routledge. - 9781138386372 - 9780429426834 ; , s. 106-116
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While the concept of international hospitality management as a specific business model has received much debate, this chapter describes an internationally-derived model and key components associated with what is the "art of hospitality". Second, it provides initial analysis of an adapted approach to training students and practitioners using analogies, metaphors and examples to express understanding as part of developing a hospitality professional culture. The authors defined an acronym for 'the art of hospitality' as TAOH; the resulting model emerged that included core aspects described as 1) the art of thinking small, 2) the art of innovation and creativity, 3) the art of tacit knowledge, 4) the art of the experience, 5) the art of exceeding expectations, and 6) instilling a hospitality heart. Further, this chapter asks and addresses-what is international hospitality business? Is it a business model? Does it have key factors that are shared across geographic locations? And, how might this be communicated to current and future professionals in the industry? While the authors do not propose that the six factors in the TAOH framework are all inclusive, these factors emerged as important for integrating into a socialization process, firm culture and business logic mindset. An important contribution of this chapter is to ask and express-how to plan training programs using dialogue methods to enhance understanding of TAOH and communicate to staff. This understanding by industry professionals is likely to increase empathy and understanding of consumer needs and values, create higher self-worth in understanding the importance of hospitality in stakeholders quality of life, and enhance understanding of how the concept of hospitality as an internationally-derived business model can be articulated to peers and subordinates by leaders in the field.
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| 9. |
- Henry, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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Epitaxial growth on on-axis substrates
- 2012
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Ingår i: Silicon Carbide Epitaxy. - Kerala, India : Research Signpost. - 9788130805009 ; , s. 97-119
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- SiC epitaxial growth using the Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) technique on nominally on-axis substrate is presented. Both standard and chloride-based chemistry have been used with the aim to obtain high quality layers suitable for device fabrication. Both homoepitaxy (4H on 4H) and heteroepitaxy (3C on hexag onal substrate) are addressed.
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| 10. |
- LI, Chao, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable Management of Banana Waste through Renewable Energy and Bio-Fertilizer Generation
- 2016
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Ingår i: Bananas : Cultivation, Consumption and Crop Diseases. - 9781634854184 - 9781634854290 ; , s. 69-89
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Bananas are widely consumed fruits with over 140 metric tons produced annually. As much as 336 metric tons of banana pseudo-stems, sheaths, piths, peels and leaves are produced annually. These wastes are usually discarded via composting, aerobic decomposition, incinerated or simply allowed to rot in the fields. However, these treatments may cause serious environmental and ecological problems. Meantime, banana wastes are high in organic content that can be converted to a renewable energy. Renewable energy generation technologies such anaerobic digestion (AD), dark fermentation and ethanol fermentation are commonly reported in scientific literature. This chapter deals with the usability of banana waste as feedstock for bio-energy (in the form of biogas bio-hydrogen and bio-ethanol) production and various pre-treatments commonly applied prior to these processes. AD process is a four-step sequential process whereby bacteria and Archaea break organic matter in the absence of oxygen to produce a mixture of gases (biogas), amongst them energy-rich methane. The generated biogas can be upgraded to bio-methane that can be a substitute for natural gas. The AD process is widely recognized as a promising, robust, low-cost technique for treatment of various organic wastes streams with or without pre-treatment. AD is also easy to perform and the residue from the process called digestate can be used as a bio-fertilizer. Banana residues may become a feedstock of choice in the AD process because of its low lignin content and high biodegradability. There are several bacteria with a potential for hydrogen production through dark fermentation. In recent years, extreme thermophilic bacteria Caldicellulosiruptor sp. have emerged as bacteria of choice for hydrogen production because of high rates and high yields. For banana residues to be used as feedstock for hydrogen production through dark fermentation it must be pre-treated to release organic acids such as acetic and butyric acids, which are preferred substrates for Caldicellulosiruptor sp. Pre-treatments to yield simple sugars such as glucose and sucrose can also be employed when a mixed culture is used as the seed for hydrogen production.Various types of yeast have been used for ethanol production from glucose (6 carbons), xylose (5 carbons) or both. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a model eukaryotic organism, often used in such research because it is easy to manipulate and culture, and is comparatively similar in structure to human cells. As with dark fermentation, there is a need for a pre-treatment before one can use banana residues for ethanol fermentation as the yeast can only use reduced organic forms such as glucose and xylose. There is also the possible of combined hydrogen or combined ethanol and biogas production thereby maximizing energy yields and producing a valuable fertilizer from the digestate (after AD). In such a scenario, a closed loop can be created.
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