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- Pereira, Rui, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Metabolic Engineering of Yeast
- 2021
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Ingår i: Metabolic Engineering: Concepts and Applications: Volume 13a and 13b. - : Wiley. ; 13, s. 689-733
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter focuses on a few examples that can serve as illustrations of how powerful yeast metabolic engineering stands today. Yeast, especially S. cerevisiae, plays an essential role in bioethanol production. Rapid ethanol production by yeast cells makes the fermentation process less susceptible to contamination. Higher alcohols are attractive due to some advantages compared with bioethanol, such as higher energy density, better blending into gasoline, higher octane value, lower hygroscopicity, and less corrosivity. The ethanol production process in the industry is mainly achieved through simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. Production of insulin, by volume the largest pharmaceutical protein produced, has paved the way for a wide use of S. cerevisiae for production of recombinant proteins. Virus like particles are proteins of virus capsid, which are produced by recombinant DNA technology and are important for the development of viral vaccines as they can self-assemble and display similar immunogenic properties as native viruses.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Fujiwara, Takanori, et al.
(författare)
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Feature Learning for Dimensionality Reduction toward Maximal Extraction of Hidden Patterns
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Dimensionality reduction (DR) plays a vital role in the visual analysis of high-dimensional data. One main aim of DR is to reveal hidden patterns that lie on intrinsic low-dimensional manifolds. However, DR often overlooks important patterns when the manifolds are strongly distorted or hidden by certain influential data attributes. This paper presents a feature learning framework, FEALM, designed to generate an optimized set of data projections for nonlinear DR in order to capture important patterns in the hidden manifolds. These projections produce maximally different nearest-neighbor graphs so that resultant DR outcomes are significantly different. To achieve such a capability, we design an optimization algorithm as well as introduce a new graph dissimilarity measure, called neighbor-shape dissimilarity. Additionally, we develop interactive visualizations to assist comparison of obtained DR results and interpretation of each DR result. We demonstrate FEALM's effectiveness through experiments using synthetic datasets and multiple case studies on real-world datasets.
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| 5. |
- Li, Zhen, et al.
(författare)
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Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production
- 2022
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Ingår i: Photo‐ and Electro‐Catalytic Processes. - : John Wiley & Sons. ; , s. 415-483
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Liu, Quanli, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Modular Pathway Rewiring of Yeast for Amino Acid Production
- 2018
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Ingår i: Methods in Enzymology. - : Elsevier. - 1557-7988 .- 0076-6879. ; 608, s. 417-439
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Amino acids find various applications in biotechnology in view of their importance in the food, feed, pharmaceutical, and personal care industries as nutrients, additives, and drugs, respectively. For the large-scale production of amino acids, microbial cell factories are widely used and the development of amino acid-producing strains has mainly focused on prokaryotes Corynebacterium glutamicum and Escherichia coli. However, the eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae is becoming an even more appealing microbial host for production of amino acids and derivatives because of its superior molecular and physiological features, such as amenable to genetic engineering and high tolerance to harsh conditions. To transform S. cerevisiae into an industrial amino acid production platform, the highly coordinated and multiple layers regulation in its amino acid metabolism should be relieved and reconstituted to optimize the metabolic flux toward synthesis of target products. This chapter describes principles, strategies, and applications of modular pathway rewiring in yeast using the engineering of L-ornithine metabolism as a paradigm. Additionally, detailed protocols for in vitro module construction and CRISPR/Cas-mediated pathway assembly are provided.
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| 7. |
- Liu, Yun
(författare)
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Regulation of NMDA receptor properties by amino acids and cations : a biochemical and electrophysiological study
- 1997
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- NMDA receptors are glutamate-regulated ion channels that are permeable to Ca2+, Na+ and K+ and are sensitive to voltage-dependent Mg2+-block. To investigate the modulatory effects of amino acids and cations on NMDA receptors and the possible regional differences in the pharmacology of NMDA receptors, I used mainly two techniques in this thesis: electrophysiological analysis of expressed NMDA receptors in Xenopusoocytes and biochemical receptor binding using [3H]MK-801 in membrane preparations from the rat cerebral cortex and spinal cord. [3H]MK-801 binds selectively to the inside of the channel pore in an agonist-dependent fashion. The results show that: 1. In the presence of Mg2+ or in Krebs buffer, glutamate and glycine decreased the affinity of [3H]MK-801 binding, which may correspond to a decrease in the affinity of the Mg2+ block. In fact, the affinity of the Mg2+-block was reduced by glutamate and glycine in NMDA receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes, and this affinity decrease was modulated by H+ and Ca2+. 2. Low concentrations of Tris, K+, Na+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ increased the association rate of [3H]MK-801 binding observed as in increased [3H]MK-801 binding under non-equilibrium conditions. High concentrations of these ions inhibited [3H]MK-801 binding. Furthermore, high concentrations of Mg2+, Na+ and Tris permitted glutamate and glycine to decrease [3H]MK-801 binding. In contrast, Ca2+ antagonized the glutamate- and glycine-induced decrease in [3H]MK-801 binding observed in the presence of Mg2+. 3. H+ decreased the association rate of [3H]MK-801 binding observed as a decreased [3H]MK-801 binding under non-equilibrium conditions. Also, H+ antagonized the glutamate- and glycine-induced decrease in [3H]MK-801 binding observed in the presence of Mg2+. In addition, H+ increases the desensitization of NMDA receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes. 4. NMDA receptors in the spinal cord, as compared with those in the cerebral cortex, display low affinity for MK-801 and for inhibition by cations but high sensitivity to glycine and to glutamate and glycine antagonists. Taken together, these results suggest that glutamate and glycine regulate the affinity of the Mg2+-block and that this effect is modulated by cations. Furthermore, there are pharmacological differences between NMDA receptors in the cerebral cortex and spinal cord. These findings may be useful for developing novel drugs that modulate NMDA receptor function in certain physiological and pathological processes, such as synaptic plasticity and learning, ischaemia and epilepsy.
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| 9. |
- Yao, Qingxia, et al.
(författare)
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Highly porous isoreticular lanthanide metal-organic frameworks
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As an emerging type of porous materials, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have the advantages over conventional inorganic porous materials in that their structures and functions are systematically and predictably designable. Isoreticular expansion is an efficient way for systematic design and control of pore size and shape for MOFs. By using our proposed strategy, a series of highly porous isoreticular lanthanide-based metal-organic frameworks with systematic pore apertures has been obtained, which afford an isoreticular series of MIL-103 structures (termed SUMOF-7I to IV) with pore apertures ranging from 7.2 Å to 23 Å. These materials demonstrated exhibit robust architectures with permanent porosity, and exceptional thermal stability and chemical stability in various solvents. The combination of luminescence property and significant porosity of these MOFs enable them as a potential platform for multifunctional purpose.
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