| 1. |
- Zillikens, M. C., et al.
(författare)
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Large meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies five loci for lean body mass
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lean body mass, consisting mostly of skeletal muscle, is important for healthy aging. We performed a genome-wide association study for whole body (20 cohorts of European ancestry with n = 38,292) and appendicular (arms and legs) lean body mass (n = 28,330) measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry or bioelectrical impedance analysis, adjusted for sex, age, height, and fat mass. Twenty-one single-nucleotide polymorphisms were significantly associated with lean body mass either genome wide (p < 5 x 10(-8)) or suggestively genome wide (p < 2.3 x 10(-6)). Replication in 63,475 (47,227 of European ancestry) individuals from 33 cohorts for whole body lean body mass and in 45,090 (42,360 of European ancestry) subjects from 25 cohorts for appendicular lean body mass was successful for five single-nucleotide polymorphisms in/ near HSD17B11, VCAN, ADAMTSL3, IRS1, and FTO for total lean body mass and for three single-nucleotide polymorphisms in/ near VCAN, ADAMTSL3, and IRS1 for appendicular lean body mass. Our findings provide new insight into the genetics of lean body mass.
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| 2. |
- Karasik, D., et al.
(författare)
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Disentangling the genetics of lean mass
- 2019
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Ingår i: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9165 .- 1938-3207. ; 109:2, s. 276-287
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Lean body mass (LM) plays an important role in mobility and metabolic function. We previously identified five loci associated with LM adjusted for fat mass in kilograms. Such an adjustment may reduce the power to identify genetic signals having an association with both lean mass and fat mass. Objectives: To determine the impact of different fat mass adjustments on genetic architecture of LM and identify additional LM loci. Methods: We performed genome-wide association analyses for whole-body LM (20 cohorts of European ancestry with n = 38,292) measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) or bioelectrical impedance analysis, adjusted for sex, age, age(2), and height with or without fat mass adjustments (Model 1 no fat adjustment; Model 2 adjustment for fat mass as a percentage of body mass; Model 3 adjustment for fat mass in kilograms). Results: Seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in separate loci, including one novel LM locus (TNRC6B), were successfully replicated in an additional 47,227 individuals from 29 cohorts. Based on the strengths of the associations in Model 1 vs Model 3, we divided the LM loci into those with an effect on both lean mass and fat mass in the same direction and refer to those as "sumo wrestler" loci (FTO and MC4R). In contrast, loci with an impact specifically on LMwere termed "body builder" loci (VCAN and ADAMTSL3). Using existing available genome-wide association study databases, LM increasing alleles of SNPs in sumo wrestler loci were associated with an adverse metabolic profile, whereas LM increasing alleles of SNPs in "body builder" loci were associated with metabolic protection. Conclusions: In conclusion, we identified one novel LM locus (TNRC6B). Our results suggest that a genetically determined increase in lean mass might exert either harmful or protective effects on metabolic traits, depending on its relation to fat mass.
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| 3. |
- Oei, L., et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association study for radiographic vertebral fractures: A potential role for the 16q24 BMD locus
- 2014
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Ingår i: Bone. - : Elsevier BV. - 8756-3282 .- 1873-2763. ; 59, s. 20-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vertebral fracture risk is a heritable complex trait. The aim of this study was to identify genetic susceptibility factors for osteoporotic vertebral fracture applying a genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach. The GWAS discovery was based on the Rotterdam Study, a population-based study of elderly Dutch individuals aged >55 years; and comprising 329 cases and 2666 controls with radiographic scoring (McCloskey-Kanis) and genetic data. Replication of one top-associated SNP was pursued by de-novo genotyping of 15 independent studies across Europe, the United States, and Australia and one Asian study. Radiographic vertebral fracture assessment was performed using McCloskey-Kanis or Genant semi-quantitative definitions. SNPs were analyzed in relation to vertebral fracture using logistic regression models corrected for age and sex. Fixed effects inverse variance and Han-Eskin alternative random effects meta-analyses were applied. Genome-wide significance was set at p<5 x 10(-8). In the discovery, a SNP (rs11645938) on chromosome 16q24 was associated with the risk for vertebral fractures at p = 4.6 x 10(-8). However, the association was not significant across 5720 cases and 21,791 controls from 14 studies. Fixed-effects meta-analysis summary estimate was 1.06 (95% Cl: 0.98-1.14; p = 0.17), displaying high degree of heterogeneity (I-2= 57%; Q(het)p = 0.0006). Under Han-Eskin alternative random effects model the summary effect was significant (p = 0.0005). The SNP maps to a region previously found associated with lumbar spine bone mineral density (LS-BMD) in two large meta-analyses from the GEFOS consortium. A false positive association in the GWAS discovery cannot be excluded, yet, the low-powered setting of the discovery and replication settings (appropriate to identify risk effect size >1.25) may still be consistent with an effect size <1.10, more of the type expected in complex traits. Larger effort in studies with standardized phenotype definitions is needed to confirm or reject the involvement of this locus on the risk for vertebral fractures. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Ohlsson, Claes, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Comparisons of Immunoassay and Mass Spectrometry Measurements of Serum Estradiol Levels and Their Influence on Clinical Association Studies in Men
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 98:6, s. E1097-E1102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Immunoassay-based techniques, routinely used to measure serum estradiol (E2), are known Objective: Our objective was to compare immunoassay and MS measurements of E2 levels in men and Design and Setting: Middle-aged and older male subjects participating in the population-based Main Outcome Measures: Immunoassay and MS measurements of serum E2 were compared and Results: Within each cohort, serum E2 levels obtained by immunoassay and MS correlated moderately Conclusions: Our findings suggest interference in the immunoassay E2 analyses, possibly by CRP or a
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| 5. |
- Grundberg, E, et al.
(författare)
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Large-scale association study between two coding LRP5 gene polymorphisms and bone phenotypes and fractures in men
- 2007
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Ingår i: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-941X .- 1433-2965. ; 19:6, s. 829-837
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Summary Herein we investigated the association between polymorphisms in the LRP5 gene and bone phenotypes and fractures in three large male cohorts based on the rationale that mutations in LRP5 cause severe bone phenotypes. Results showed an association of the Val667Met SNP with spine BMD in 3,800 young and elderly men. Introduction The low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5)-Wnt signalling system is of importance for regulating osteoblastic activity, which became clear after findings that inactivating mutations in LRP5 cause osteoporosis. The overall aim of this study was to investigate the association between polymorphisms in the LRP5 gene and bone mineral density (BMD) in three large cohorts of young and elderly men. Methods The cohorts used were MrOS Sweden (n = 3014, aged 69–81 years) and MrOs Hong Kong (n = 2000, aged > 65 years) and the Swedish GOOD study (n = 1068, aged 18–20 years). The polymorphisms Val667Met and Ala1330Val were genotyped using a TaqMan assay. Results When combining the data from the Swedish cohorts in a meta-analysis (n = 3,800), men carrying the 667Met-allele had 3% lower BMD at lumbar spine compared with non-carriers (p < 0.05). The Val667Met SNP was not polymorphic in the Hong Kong population and thus were not included. There were no associations between the Ala1330Val SNP and bone phenotypes in the study populations. No associations between the LRP5 polymorphisms and self-reported fractures were seen in MrOs Sweden. Conclusions Results from these three large cohorts indicate that the Val667Met polymorphism but not the Ala1330Val contributes to the observed variability in BMD in the Swedish populations.
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| 9. |
- Vimaleswaran, Karani S, et al.
(författare)
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Association of vitamin D status with arterial blood pressure and hypertension risk: a mendelian randomisation study.
- 2014
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Ingår i: The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology. - 2213-8595 .- 2213-8587. ; 2:9, s. 719-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Low plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration is associated with high arterial blood pressure and hypertension risk, but whether this association is causal is unknown. We used a mendelian randomisation approach to test whether 25(OH)D concentration is causally associated with blood pressure and hypertension risk. Methods In this mendelian randomisation study, we generated an allele score (25[OH]D synthesis score) based on variants of genes that affect 25(OH)D synthesis or substrate availability (CYP2R1 and DHCR7), which we used as a proxy for 25(OH)D concentration. We meta-analysed data for up to 108 173 individuals from 35 studies in the D-CarDia collaboration to investigate associations between the allele score and blood pressure measurements. We complemented these analyses with previously published summary statistics from the International Consortium on Blood Pressure (ICBP), the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium, and the Global Blood Pressure Genetics (Global BPGen) consortium. Findings In phenotypic analyses (up to n=49 363), increased 25(OH)D concentration was associated with decreased systolic blood pressure (β per 10% increase, −0·12 mm Hg, 95% CI −0·20 to −0·04; p=0·003) and reduced odds of hypertension (odds ratio [OR] 0·98, 95% CI 0·97–0·99; p=0·0003), but not with decreased diastolic blood pressure (β per 10% increase, −0·02 mm Hg, −0·08 to 0·03; p=0·37). In meta-analyses in which we combined data from D-CarDia and the ICBP (n=146 581, after exclusion of overlapping studies), each 25(OH)D-increasing allele of the synthesis score was associated with a change of −0·10 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure (−0·21 to −0·0001; p=0·0498) and a change of −0·08 mm Hg in diastolic blood pressure (−0·15 to −0·02; p=0·01). When D-CarDia and consortia data for hypertension were meta-analysed together (n=142 255), the synthesis score was associated with a reduced odds of hypertension (OR per allele, 0·98, 0·96–0·99; p=0·001). In instrumental variable analysis, each 10% increase in genetically instrumented 25(OH)D concentration was associated with a change of −0·29 mm Hg in diastolic blood pressure (−0·52 to −0·07; p=0·01), a change of −0·37 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure (−0·73 to 0·003; p=0·052), and an 8·1% decreased odds of hypertension (OR 0·92, 0·87–0·97; p=0·002). Interpretation Increased plasma concentrations of 25(OH)D might reduce the risk of hypertension. This finding warrants further investigation in an independent, similarly powered study.
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