| 1. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Tinetti, Giovanna, et al.
(författare)
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The science of EChO
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union. - 1743-9213 .- 1743-9221. ; 6:S276, s. 359-370
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The science of extra-solar planets is one of the most rapidly changing areas of astrophysics and since 1995 the number of planets known has increased by almost two orders of magnitude. A combination of ground-based surveys and dedicated space missions has resulted in 560-plus planets being detected, and over 1200 that await confirmation. NASA's Kepler mission has opened up the possibility of discovering Earth-like planets in the habitable zone around some of the 100,000 stars it is surveying during its 3 to 4-year lifetime. The new ESA's Gaia mission is expected to discover thousands of new planets around stars within 200 parsecs of the Sun. The key challenge now is moving on from discovery, important though that remains, to characterisation: what are these planets actually like, and why are they as they are In the past ten years, we have learned how to obtain the first spectra of exoplanets using transit transmission and emission spectroscopy. With the high stability of Spitzer, Hubble, and large ground-based telescopes the spectra of bright close-in massive planets can be obtained and species like water vapour, methane, carbon monoxide and dioxide have been detected. With transit science came the first tangible remote sensing of these planetary bodies and so one can start to extrapolate from what has been learnt from Solar System probes to what one might plan to learn about their faraway siblings. As we learn more about the atmospheres, surfaces and near-surfaces of these remote bodies, we will begin to build up a clearer picture of their construction, history and suitability for life. The Exoplanet Characterisation Observatory, EChO, will be the first dedicated mission to investigate the physics and chemistry of Exoplanetary Atmospheres. By characterising spectroscopically more bodies in different environments we will take detailed planetology out of the Solar System and into the Galaxy as a whole. EChO has now been selected by the European Space Agency to be assessed as one of four M3 mission candidates. © International Astronomical Union 2011.
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| 3. |
- Aartsen, M. G., et al.
(författare)
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Very high-energy gamma-ray follow-up program using neutrino triggers from IceCube
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe and report the status of a neutrino-triggered program in IceCube that generates real-time alerts for gamma-ray follow-up observations by atmospheric-Cherenkov telescopes (MAGIC and VERITAS). While IceCube is capable of monitoring the whole sky continuously, high-energy gamma-ray telescopes have restricted fields of view and in general are unlikely to be observing a potential neutrino-flaring source at the time such neutrinos are recorded. The use of neutrino-triggered alerts thus aims at increasing the availability of simultaneous multi-messenger data during potential neutrino flaring activity, which can increase the discovery potential and constrain the phenomenological interpretation of the high-energy emission of selected source classes (e. g. blazars). The requirements of a fast and stable online analysis of potential neutrino signals and its operation are presented, along with first results of the program operating between 14 March 2012 and 31 December 2015.
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| 4. |
- Jacob, Alexander W., et al.
(författare)
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Sentinel-1 InSAR Coherence for Land Cover Mapping : A Comparison of Multiple Feature-Based Classifiers
- 2020
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Ingår i: IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing. - : IEEE. - 1939-1404 .- 2151-1535. ; 13, s. 535-552
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates and demonstrates the suitability of the Sentinel-1 interferometric coherence for land cover and vegetation mapping. In addition, this study analyzes the performance of this feature along with polarization and intensity products according to different classification strategies and algorithms. Seven different classification workflows were evaluated, covering pixel- and object-based analyses, unsupervised and supervised classification, different machine-learning classifiers, and the various effects of distinct input features in the SAR domain-interferometric coherence, backscattered intensities, and polarization. All classifications followed the Corine land cover nomenclature. Three different study areas in Europe were selected during 2015 and 2016 campaigns to maximize diversity of land cover. Overall accuracies (OA), ranging from 70% to 90%, were achieved depending on the study area and methodology, considering between 9 and 15 classes. The best results were achieved in the rather flat area of Donana wetlands National Park in Spain (OA 90%), but even the challenging alpine terrain around the city of Merano in northern Italy (OA 77%) obtained promising results. The overall potential of Sentinel-1 interferometric coherence for land cover mapping was evaluated as very good. In all cases, coherence-based results provided higher accuracies than intensity-based strategies, considering 12 days of temporal sampling of the Sentinel-1 A stack. Both coherence and intensity prove to be complementary observables, increasing the overall accuracies in a combined strategy. The accuracy is expected to increase when Sentinel-1 A/B stacks, i.e., six-day sampling, are considered.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Roh, Hyung S., et al.
(författare)
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Integrating Color Deconvolution Thresholding and Weakly Supervised Learning for Automated Segmentation of Neurofibrillary Tangle and Neuropil Threads
- 2023
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Ingår i: Medical Imaging 2023 : Digital and Computational Pathology - Digital and Computational Pathology. - 1605-7422. - 9781510660472 ; 12471
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abnormally phosphorylated tau proteins are known to be a major indicator of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) with strong association with memory loss and cognitive decline. Automated generation of pixel-wise accurate neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and neuropil threads (NTs) segmentation is a challenging task, due to lack of ground truth segmentation data of these abnormal tau pathology. This problem is most prominent in the case of segmenting NTs, where the small threadlike morphology makes pixel-wise labeling a laborious task and unrealistic for large-scale studies. Lack of ground truth data poses a significant limitation for many learning-based methods to generate accurate segmentations of NFTs and NTs. This work presents an automated pipeline for pixel level segmentation of NFTs and NTs that does not rely on ground truth segmentation data. The pipeline is composed of four main steps: (1) color deconvolution is used to separate histopathology images into staining channels (DAB, Hematoxylin, and Eosin), (2) Otsu's thresholding is used on the DAB stain channel to generate pixel level segmentation of abnormal tau proteins staining, (3) a weakly-supervised learning paradigm (WildCat), using only global descriptors of images, is used to generate density maps of potential regions of NFTs and NTs, and (4) density maps and segmentations are then integrated using connected component analysis to localize NFTs and NTs in the detected tau segmentations. Our results show high global classification accuracy for NFTs (Acc:0.96) and NTs (Acc:0.91), and statistically significant distinctions when evaluating the percent area occupied of the detected NTs relative to expert ratings of NTs severity. Qualitative assessment of the NFTs and NTs results showed accurate pixel-level segmentations of the NFTs, while modest performance for NTs.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Boström, Hanna L. B., et al.
(författare)
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How Reproducible is the Synthesis of Zr-Porphyrin Metal-Organic Frameworks? An Interlaboratory Study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Advanced Materials. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095. ; 36:15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a rapidly growing class of materials that offer great promise in various applications. However, the synthesis remains challenging: for example, a range of crystal structures can often be accessed from the same building blocks, which complicates the phase selectivity. Likewise, the high sensitivity to slight changes in synthesis conditions may cause reproducibility issues. This is crucial, as it hampers the research and commercialization of affected MOFs. Here, it presents the first-ever interlaboratory study of the synthetic reproducibility of two Zr-porphyrin MOFs, PCN-222 and PCN-224, to investigate the scope of this problem. For PCN-222, only one sample out of ten was phase pure and of the correct symmetry, while for PCN-224, three are phase pure, although none of these show the spatial linker order characteristic of PCN-224. Instead, these samples resemble dPCN-224 (disordered PCN-224), which has recently been reported. The variability in thermal behavior, defect content, and surface area of the synthesised samples are also studied. The results have important ramifications for field of metal-organic frameworks and their crystallization, by highlighting the synthetic challenges associated with a multi-variable synthesis space and flat energy landscapes characteristic of MOFs. It performed an interlaboratory study of the synthesis of the metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) PCN-222 and PCN-224. Ten participants independently synthesized the two MOFs and the products are analyzed, primarily by X-ray diffraction. The success rates are low (one-three samples corresponding to a pure sample of the correct phase), thus highlighting the problems with irreproducibility in MOF synthesis. image
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| 9. |
- Mangalaraja, Ramalinga Viswanathan, et al.
(författare)
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Sintering, microstructural and mechanical characterization of combustion synthesized Y2O3 and Yb3+-Y2O3
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan. - : Ceramic Soc of Japan. - 1882-0743 .- 1348-6535. ; 117:1371, s. 1258-1262
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present work highlights the microstructural features and mechanical properties of Y2O3 prepared with and without Yb3+ doping that processed through combustion synthesis involving various organic fuels such as urea, citric acid and glycine. Properties such as powder-now, particle packing, green density, % of shrinkage, sintered density, grain size, Vicker's microhardness (H-v) and fracture toughness (K-IC) were analyzed and compared with respect to the fuel sources. The as combusted precursors were calcined at 1100 degrees C for 4 h under oxygen atmosphere to obtain fully crystalline Y2O3 powders. Cylindrical pellets were fabricated as test specimens and sintered at 1600 degrees C for 3 h. The SEM images of the sintered yttria samples show an average grain size of < 3 mu m irrespective of the fuels. However, the mechanical properties show significant dependence on the fuels used. A maximum hardness of 6.8 +/- 0.1 and 7.0 +/- 0.1 GPa was obtained for Y2O3 and Yb3+ doped Y2O3 derived from glycine fuel. Whereas the maximum fracture toughness of 2.6 +/- 0.3 MPa m(1/2) was obtained for the samples derived from urea. The Yb3+ doping found to increase the bulk hardness of yttria from 0.2 to 0.6 GPa. The study contributes to appropriately select the fuels for obtaining high dense, mechanically stable yttria ceramics through combustion process.
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| 10. |
- Palm, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Reframing energy efficiency in industry : a discussion of definitions, rationales and management practices
- 2020. - 1
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Ingår i: Energy and Behaviour: challenges of a low-carbon future. - : Elsevier. - 9780128185674 ; , s. 153-176
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Energy efficiency is a priority goal and an important part of the transformation to a more sustainable society. The industrial sector is an important actor in this setting. In this chapter we outline the major principles for energy efficiency and energy management in industry and discuss how to develop the energy management perspective with theories from social science focusing on how situated actions, tacit knowledge and social networks can influence decision-making. By cross-pollinating fields that do not usually meet, the aim is to develop new insights contributing to existing research. We conclude that an energy management model is necessary, which can be adjusted to the local context in which it will be used. We also suggest an energy management model focusing the importance of knowledge and communication.
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