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Sökning: WFRF:(Lundberg Johan) > Annan publikation

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  • Arefalk, Gabriel, et al. (författare)
  • Smokeless Tobacco (Snus) and Risk of Heart Failure of Ischemic and Non-Ischemic Origin: a Pooled Analysis of Eight Prospective Cohort Studies
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • BackgroundSnus, a Swedish type of smokeless tobacco, has potent acute hemodynamic effects, which could provoke stress on the cardiovascular system, including the myocardium. Snus has, however, not been linked to risk of ischemic heart disease. Therefore, we hypothesized that snus use increases the risk for heart failure of non-ischemic origin.MethodsWe conducted a pooled analysis of eight Swedish prospective cohort studies involving individual participant data from 350,711 men. Shared frailty models with random effects at the cohort level, were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) of heart failure in relation to snus use. We investigated dose-response associations, and association with ischemic and non-ischemic heart failure in separate. For positive control purposes, we also investigated associations between smoking and risk of heart failure.ResultsDuring a median follow-up time of 16 years, 5,404 men were hospitalized for heart failure. In models adjusting for age, smoking, previous myocardial infarction and educational level, current snus use was associated with a higher risk of heart failure (HR 1.27, 95 % CI 1.07-1.50), relative to non-current snus use. A dose-response pattern was observed, with higher risk with more snus cans used per week. We observed an association of snus use with non-ischemic heart failure, HR 1.34 (95 % CI 1.11-1.63), but not with ischemic heart failure, HR 1.01 (95 % CI 0.72-1.42). Smoking was more strongly associated with heart failure, particularly of ischemic origin, than snus use.ConclusionsSnus use was associated with a modestly increased risk for heart failure of non-ischemic origin in a dose-response manner. This finding has public health implications for the risk assessment of snus use, and potentially other modes of smokeless use of nicotine.
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  • Asplund, Maria, 1978-, et al. (författare)
  • Biocompatibility of PEDOT/biomolecular composites intended for neural communication electrodes
  • Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
    • Electrodes of the conjugated polymer poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) have been shown to possess very attractive electrochemical properties for functional electrical stimulation (FES) or recording in the nervous system. Biomolecules already present in nervous tissue, added as counter ions in PEDOT electropolymerisation, could be a route to further improve the biomaterial properties of PEDOT, eliminating the need of surfactant counter ions like docedyl benzene sulphonate (DBS) or polystyrene sulphonate (PSS) in the polymerisation process. Such PEDOT/biomolecular composites using heparin, or hyaluronic acid, have been electrochemically investigated in a previous study and have been shown to retain the attractive electrochemical properties already proven for PEDOT:PSS.   The aim of the present study is to evaluate biocompatibility of these PEDOT/biomolecular composites in vitro and also evaluate PEDOT:heparin biocompatibility in cortical tissue in vivo. Hereby, we also aim to identify a suitable test protocol, that can be used in future evaluations when further material developments are made.   Material toxicity was first tested on cell lines, both through a standardised agarose overlay assay on L929 fibroblasts, and through elution tests on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Subsequently, a biocompatibility in vivo test was performed using PEDOT:heparin coated platinum probes implanted in the cerebral cortex of Sprague-Dawley rats. Tissue was collected at three weeks and six weeks of implantation and evaluated by immunohistochemistry.   No cytotoxic response was seen to any of the PEDOT:biomolecular composites tested here. Furthermore, elution tests were found to be a practical and effective way of screening materials for toxicity and had a clear advantage over the agarose overlay assay, which was difficult to apply on other cell types than fibroblasts. Elution tests would therefore be recommendable as a screening method, at all stages of material development. In the in vivo tests, the stiffness of the platinum substrate was a significant problem, and extensive glial scarring was seen in most cases irrespective of implant material. However, quantification of immunological response through distance measurements from implant site to closest neuron, and counting of macrophage densities in proximity to polymer surface, was comparable to those of platinum controls. These results indicate that PEDOT:heparin surfaces were as compatible with cortical tissue as pure platinum controls.
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  • Cialani, Catia, et al. (författare)
  • Growth, migration and unemployment across Swedish municipalities
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Fundamental questions in economics are why some regions are richer than others, why their economic growth rates vary, whether their growth tends to converge and the key factors that contribute to the variations. These questions have not yet been fully addressed, but changes in the local tax base are clearly influenced by the average income growth rate, net migration rate, and changes in unemployment rates. Thus, the main aim of this paper is to explore in depth the interactive effects of these factors (and local policy variables) in Swedish municipalities, by estimating a proposed three-equation system. Our main finding is that increases in local public expenditures and income taxes have negative effects on subsequent local income growth. In addition, our results support the conditional convergence hypothesis, i.e. that average income tends to grow more rapidly in relatively poor local jurisdictions than in initially “richer” jurisdictions, conditional on the other explanatory variables.
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  • Johansson, Jonny, et al. (författare)
  • Project: EISCAT 3D
  • 2007
  • Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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  • Muhrman, Karolina, 1976-, et al. (författare)
  • Uppgiftsbanken : Gymnasieskola, modul: Undervisa matematik på yrkesprogram
  • 2015
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Denna uppgiftsbank innehåller uppgifter med varierat innehåll och svårighetsgrad. Uppgifterna är av varierande karaktär och uppfyller i olika grad kriterierna från checklistan i texten ”Att konstruera matematikuppgifter på yrkesprogram”. Uppgifterna kan användas i undervisningen eller fungera som ett diskussionsunderlag vid utveckling av infärgade uppgifter. Studera gärna uppgifterna tillsammans med yrkeslärare.Till uppgifterna finns stöd för hur man kan planera och arbeta med uppgifterna i klassrummet. Det finns kopplingar till centralt innehåll i Matematik 1a, yrkesämnenas centrala innehåll och examensmålen för yrkesprogrammen. Eftersom kurserna i yrkesämnena läggs ut lokalt finns det ingen samstämmighet i vilken ordning och under vilken termin de läses på olika skolor. Det kan därför vara så att det centrala innehåll i yrkesämnena inte är aktuellt just då men det kan ändå vara bra för eleverna att känna till det. Till några av uppgifterna ges för slag på hur man kan variera eller utveckla dem. I modulen Undervisa matematik på yrkesprogram del 5: Modellering och problemlösning finns några förslag på hur uppgifterna kan göras till Fermiproblem.I Skolverkets bedömningsportal finns uppgifter för yrkesprogram. En del av uppgifterna är lösenordsskyddade. För att komma åt det skyddade materialet behövs inloggningsuppgifter och behörighet till ämnet eller kursen. Information om hur du som lärare får inloggningsuppgifter har skickats till rektorn på din skola. Du hittar bedömningsportalen här: https://bp.skolverket.se/.
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