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| 2. |
- Parker, M. G., et al.
(författare)
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Support and care for frail old persons in Sweden
- 2004
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Ingår i: Welfare Policy and Labour Markets. - Stockholm : Almqvist & Wiksell International. - 9122020772
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Bergman, Peter N., et al.
(författare)
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Do job demands and job control affect problem-solving?
- 2012
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Ingår i: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 42:2, s. 195-203:42, s. 195-203
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The Job Demand Control model presents combinations of working conditions that may facilitate learning, the active learning hypothesis, or have detrimental effects on health, the strain hypothesis. To test the active learning hypothesis, this study analysed the effects of job demands and job control on general problem-solving strategies. Participants: A population-based sample of 4,636 individuals (55% women, 45% men) with the same job characteristics measured at two times with a three year time lag was used. Methods: Main effects of demands, skill discretion, task authority and control, and the combined effects of demands and control were analysed in logistic regressions, on four outcomes representing general problem-solving strategies. Results: Those reporting high on skill discretion, task authority and control, as well as those reporting high demand/high control and low demand/high control job characteristics were more likely to state using problem solving strategies. Conclusions: Results suggest that working conditions including high levels of control may affect how individuals cope with problems and that workplace characteristics may affect behaviour in the non-work domain.
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- Dagher, Rada K., et al.
(författare)
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Postpartum depressive symptoms and the combined load of paid and unpaid work : a longitudinal analysis
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer. - 0340-0131 .- 1432-1246. ; 84:7, s. 735-743
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To investigate the effects of total workload and other work-related factors on postpartum depression in the first 6 months after childbirth, utilizing a hybrid model of health and workforce participation. Methods: We utilized data from the Maternal Postpartum Health Study collected in 2001 from a prospective cohort of 817 employed women who delivered in three commu- nity hospitals in Minnesota. Interviewers collected data at enrollment and 5 weeks, 11 weeks, and 6 months after childbirth. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale measured postpartum depression. Independent variables included total workload (paid and unpaid work), job flex- ibility, supervisor and coworker support, available social support, job satisfaction, infant sleep problems, infant irritable temperament, and breastfeeding. Results: Total average daily workload increased from 14.4 h (6.8 h of paid work; 7.1% working at 5 weeks postpartum) to 15.0 h (7.9 h of paid work; 87% working at 6 months postpartum) over the 6 months. Fixed effects regression analyses showed worse depression scores were associated with higher total workload, lower job flexibility, lower social support, an infant with sleep problems, and breastfeeding. Conclusions: Working mothers of reproductive years may find the study results valuable as they consider merging their work and parenting roles after childbirth. Future studies should examine the specific mechanisms through which total workload affects postpartum depressive symptoms.
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- Kristenson, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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The role of saliva cortisol measurements in health and disease : A matter of theory and methodology
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Medicine. - : Springer. - 1070-5503 .- 1532-7558. ; , s. S206-S206
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the last decade, the technique of using ambulatory salivary sampling has become increasingly popular in field research and clinical studies. The non-invasive method is easy to administer and analyze and allows implmentation in large scale study designs. However, this large interest in the use of salivary cortisol measurement is paralleled with frustrations on opposing results. This presentation is based on a critical evaluation of the existing literature on salivary cortisol, aiming to evaluate the utility of salivary cortisol as a biomarker in various settings and how we can understand cortisol reactivity using evidence of experiences from different study designs. The work is compiled by the Scandinavian Stress and Cortisol Network, a network financed by the Swedish Research Council, and one main question asked was: is it possible that different results of studies involving cortisol assessments are functions of differences in the theoretical assumptions made and methods used. In particular, the symposium will focus on how the many different ways of evaluating levels and dynamics of salivary cortisol (i. e. with regard to time points of assessment and different algorithms based on multiple time points) may have an impact on the interpretation of cortisol measurements in various contexts. Salivary cortisol has been studied in relation to the following topics: demographic variables, psychosocial work environment, psychosocial resources (e.g. mastery) and outcomes (e.g. burnout), sleep quality, biological markers (markers of cardivascular risk, inflammation and metabolism) and somatic outcome.
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