| 1. |
- Hagell, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Apomorphine formulation may influence subcutaneous complications from continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusion in Parkinson's disease
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurology. - 0340-5354 .- 1432-1459. ; 267:11, s. 3411-3417
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Continuous subcutaneous (s.c.) apomorphine infusion is an effective therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD), but a limitation is the formation of troublesome s.c. nodules. Various chemically non-identical apomorphine formulations are available. Anecdotal experiences have suggested that shifting from one of these (Apo-Go PumpFill®; apoGPF) to another (Apomorphine PharmSwed®; apoPS) may influence the occurrence and severity of s.c. nodules. We, therefore, followed 15 people with advanced PD (median PD-duration, 15 years; median "off"-phase Hoehn and Yahr, IV) on apoGPF and with troublesome s.c. nodules who were switched to apoPS. Data were collected at baseline, at the time of switching, and at a median of 1, 2.5, and 7.3 months post-switch. Total nodule numbers (P < 0.001), size (P < 0.001), consistency (P < 0.001), skin changes (P = 0.058), and pain (P ≤ 0.032) improved over the observation period. PD severity and dyskinesias tended to improve and increase, respectively. Apomorphine doses were stable, but levodopa doses increased by 100 mg/day. Patient-reported apomorphine efficacy tended to increase and all participants remained on apoPS throughout the observation period; with the main patient-reported reason being improved nodules. These observations suggest that patients with s.c. nodules caused by apoGPF may benefit from switching to apoPS in terms of s.c. nodule occurrence and severity. Alternatively, observed benefits may have been due to the switch itself. As nodule formation is a limiting factor in apomorphine treatment, a controlled prospective study comparing local tolerance with different formulations is warranted.
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| 2. |
- Bylund, Christine, 1986-
(författare)
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Anakrona livsvillkor : En studie av funktionalitet, möjligheter och begär i den föränderliga svenska välfärdsstaten
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Since 2009 a decrease in support for dis/abled people provided by the welfare state has taken place. In this process, the concept of family and relationships are both overlooked and central. Cuts of support significantly impact family lives, rendering dis/abled people dependent on their partners, parents, or children. However, little research has been produced about how the needs, wants, and desires of dis/abled people are affected by the changing welfare state.This thesis examines the connections between the changing forms of support in the welfare state, desire, and relationships through a crip-theoretical understanding of dis/ability and a phenomenological understanding of the welfare state as a structure for orientation in both a practical and existential sense. The material consists of interviews with dis/abled people based on the principle of cross-disability and autoethnographic writing.The findings show that an ableist discourse shapes the welfare state's earliest support, resulting in segregation and isolation. These discourses were challenged during the period of deinstitutionalisation and through the passing of the LSS-law in the 1993s but never entirely dismantled. During the contemporary neoliberal austerity politics, it returns, positioning dis/abled people as a societal burden. Due to its intimate nature and its conditioning of everyday life, the relationship to the welfare state can be understood as a relationship of its own. Changes in the welfare state affect the physical and emotional movements, making certain lifestyles and relationships appear possible and others impossible. The thesis contributes to and nuances the previous research on the intersection of welfare state support and services and the practical and existential experiences of dis/abled people in Sweden.
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| 3. |
- Danielsson, Erna, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Risk Communication : A Comparative Study of Eight EU Countries
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- How do EU member states communicate risks to their citizens? In this study, we define risk communication as the information provided by different levels of government to citizens regarding possible future crises. The questions serving as departure points for this study are as follows: How is the administrative system for risk communication set up in the countries studied? How the different risk communication campaigns are (provided that they exist) embedded in the larger administrative context? How is risk communication strategy formulated in each country and what kind of threats are emphasized? In order to tackle these questions, we examine the risk communication strategy of eight countries: Sweden, Finland, Germany, England, France, Estonia, Greece and Cyprus. Our data consist of governmental web sites, publications, campaigns, as well as other modes of communication, such as videos posted on YouTube, with questions centering on institutional actors, methods of delivery, content, and effectiveness. We acknowledge that risk communication aims at supporting vulnerable populations and evening out imbalances, but at the same time we flesh out the power dimension of risk. In our analysis, we search for reproduction of norms and social inequality in risk communication practices. The results show that some patterns emerge regarding the way different EU countries convey information to the public, but they do not hold strictly to geography or administrative system. Digital media are the foremost vehicle of risk communication and the message generally conveyed is geared towards traditional, middle class households with the main language of the country as their first language. Volunteer organizations are present in all the countries in question, though not at the same degree. The conveyance of “self-protection” guidelines implicitly places the responsibility of protection to the individual. The results also show that in some countries, materiality has become more prevalent than the social dimension of risk in the message the public sector conveys, and that there is a move from focusing on risk to focusing on security.
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| 4. |
- Edlund, Ulrica, et al.
(författare)
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Sterilization, storage stability and in vivo biocompatibility of poly(trimethylene carbonate)/poly(adipic anhydride) blends
- 2000
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Ingår i: Biomaterials. - 0142-9612 .- 1878-5905. ; 21:9, s. 945-955
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biodegradable blends of poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) and poly(adipic anhydride) (PAA) have been proven to be strong candidates for controlled drug delivery polymers in vitro. We now report on the stability, sterilizability and in vivo local tissue response of these matrices. Blend matrices were sterilized by beta-radiation or ethylene oxide gas treatment, stored at different times and temperatures, and analyzed for changes in physicochemical properties. Moisture uptake at different relative humidities and storage times was determined. Sterilization procedures induced hydrolysis of the matrices. Ethylene oxide gas sterilization had a significantly more marked effect upon the matrix properties than radiation treatment. The onset of degradation was reflected in a decrease of crystallinity and molecular weight along with a change of blend composition. A similar onset of matrix degradation was observed upon storage in air. The physicochemical properties of the blends were well preserved upon storage under argon atmosphere. Biocompatibility of PTMC/PAA implants was assessed in the anterior chamber of rabbits eyes for 1 month. At selected post-operative time points, aqueous humor was analyzed for white blood cells and the corneal thickness was measured. The results suggest good biocompatability of PTMC-rich matrices, whereas fast eroding PAA-rich matrices caused inflammatory responses, due to a burst release of degradation products.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Evans, Christine, et al.
(författare)
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Geographies of Liveness : Time, Space, and Satellite Networks as Infrastructures of Live Television in the Our World Broadcast
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Communication. - 1932-8036. ; 10, s. 5362-5380
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article historicizes the emergence of television satellite infrastructure by exploring a key moment: a 1967 transnational satellite broadcast called Our World, that was to reach viewers across the northern hemisphere, including the USSR. Drawing on archival sources that reveal extensive negotiations among the producing sides, we find that Our World's claimed creation of "global presence" was indeed, as Lisa Parks has argued, a fantasy of modernization tied to temporal and spatial hierarchies of modernization, but one neither exclusive to the West nor uncontested by the show's socialist participants. We argue that the program's temporal claim to conquer space via liveness required the constant assertion of spatial hierarchies and conflicting temporalities, based on unequal and unpredictable material infrastructures, personal relationships, and rival symbolic claims. We describe these temporalized and spatialized conflicts as "geographies of liveness."
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| 7. |
- Forsberg, Simon, et al.
(författare)
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The Shepherds' Tale : A Genome-Wide Study across 9 Dog Breeds Implicates Two Loci in the Regulation of Fructosamine Serum Concentration in Belgian Shepherds
- 2015
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 10:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diabetes mellitus is a serious health problem in both dogs and humans. Certain dog breeds show high prevalence of the disease, whereas other breeds are at low risk. Fructosamine and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) are two major biomarkers of glycaemia, where serum concentrations reflect glucose turnover over the past few weeks to months. In this study, we searched for genetic factors influencing variation in serum fructosamine concentration in healthy dogs using data from nine dog breeds. Considering all breeds together, we did not find any genome-wide significant associations to fructosamine serum concentration. However, by performing breed-specific analyses we revealed an association on chromosome 3 (rho(corrected) approximate to 1:68 x 10(-6)) in Belgian shepherd dogs of the Malinois subtype. The associated region and its close neighbourhood harbours interesting candidate genes such as LETM1 and GAPDH that are important in glucose metabolism and have previously been implicated in the aetiology of diabetes mellitus. To further explore the genetics of this breed specificity, we screened the genome for reduced heterozygosity stretches private to the Belgian shepherd breed. This revealed a region with reduced heterozygosity that shows a statistically significant interaction (rho = 0.025) with the association region on chromosome 3. This region also harbours some interesting candidate genes and regulatory regions but the exact mechanisms underlying the interaction are still unknown. Nevertheless, this finding provides a plausible explanation for breed-specific genetic effects for complex traits in dogs. Shepherd breeds are at low risk of developing diabetes mellitus. The findings in Belgian shepherds could be connected to a protective mechanism against the disease. Further insight into the regulation of glucose metabolism could improve diagnostic and therapeutic methods for diabetes mellitus.
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| 8. |
- Furukawa, Toshi A., et al.
(författare)
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Dismantling, optimising, and personalising internet cognitive behavioural therapy for depression : a systematic review and component network meta-analysis using individual data
- 2021
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Ingår i: Lancet psychiatry. - London, United Kingdom : Elsevier. - 2215-0374 .- 2215-0366. ; 8:6, s. 500-511
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Findings We identified 76 RCTs, including 48 trials contributing individual participant data (11 704 participants) and 28 trials with aggregate data (6474 participants). The participants' weighted mean age was 42.0 years and 12 406 (71%) of 17 521 reported were women. There was suggestive evidence that behavioural activation might be beneficial (iMD -1.83 [95% credible interval (CrI) -2.90 to -0.80]) and that relaxation might be harmful (1.20 [95% CrI 0.17 to 2.27]). Baseline severity emerged as the strongest prognostic factor for endpoint depression. Combining human and automated encouragement reduced dropouts from treatment (incremental odds ratio, 0.32 [95% CrI 0.13 to 0.93]). The risk of bias was low for the randomisation process, missing outcome data, or selection of reported results in most of the included studies, uncertain for deviation from intended interventions, and high for measurement of outcomes. There was moderate to high heterogeneity among the studies and their components. 511
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| 9. |
- Hagell, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Apomorphine formulation influences subcutaneous complications in continuous apomorphine pump therapy for Parkinson’s disease
- 2017
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Ingår i: Movement Disorders.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objective: To explore if the occurrence and severity of subcutaneous (sc) nodules is influenced by the pharmaceutical formulation of apomorphine used for sc infusion in advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD).Background: Apomorphine infusion is an effective therapy in advanced PD, but a limitation is troublesome sc nodules. Various chemically non-identical apomorphine formulations are available. Anecdotal clinical experience has suggested that shifting from one of these (Apo-Go PumpFill; apoGPF) to another (Apomorphine PharmSwed; apoPS, developed in Sweden) may influence the occurrence and severity of sc nodules.Methods: In this multicenter open-label prospective observational study, 15 people with advanced PD (mean PD- duration, 13.4 years; median Hoehn & Yahr, IV) on apoGPF since a mean of 2.1 years and with troublesome sc nodules were switched to apoPS. Ongoing interventions to treat existing nodules (ultrasound, massage, Hirudoid cream) continued, and apomorphine as well as other drugs was managed according to clinical routines. Data were collected between May 2015 and March 2017; at baseline, at the time of switching (about 2 weeks later), and up to 1.7-4.2 (mean, 2.5) months post-switch follow-up. Primary outcomes were total nodule numbers, size (mm diameter for the 5 worst nodules), consistency (scored 0-3 for the 5 worst nodules), and associated skin changes (scored 0-4 for the 5 worst nodules) and pain (scored 0-5). Patients also rated their perceived PD severity and motor complications (UPDRS IV). Patient preferences 5-12 months post-switch (2-9 months after follow-up) were also recorded.Results: Apomorphine and L-dopa doses did not change over the observation period (P≥0.400). Baseline nodule numbers (7.4 vs. 4.6; P<0.003), size (92.9 vs. 54.1 mm; P=0.016), consistency (11 vs. 5; P=0.003), skin changes (3 vs. 1.5; P=0.205), and average pain (1 vs. 0; P=0.020) improved 11 weeks post-switch. Patient-reported PD severity (P=0.020) and motor fluctuations improved (P=0.051), whereas dyskinesias tended to increase (P=0.205). At 5-12 months post-switch, 13 patients had decided to remain on apoPS; mainly due to improved nodules.Conclusions: These observations suggest that apoPS may have a better safety profile compared to apoGPF in terms of sc nodule occurrence and severity. There is a need for larger, randomized controlled studies for firmer conclusions.
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| 10. |
- Hagell, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Apomorphine formulation influences subcutaneous complications in continuous apomorphine pump therapy for Parkinson’s disease
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objective: To explore if the occurrence and severity of subcutaneous (sc) nodules is influenced by the pharmaceutical formulation of apomorphine used for sc infusion in advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD). Background: Apomorphine infusion is an effective therapy in advanced PD, but a limitation is troublesome sc nodules. Various chemically non-identical apomorphine formulations are available. Anecdotal clinical experience has suggested that shifting from one of these (Apo-Go PumpFill; apoGPF) to another (Apomorphine PharmSwed; apoPS, developed in Sweden) may influence the occurrence and severity of sc nodules. Methods: In this multicenter open-label prospective observational study, 15 people with advanced PD (mean PD- duration, 13.4 years; median Hoehn & Yahr, IV) on apoGPF since a mean of 2.1 years and with troublesome sc nodules were switched to apoPS. Ongoing interventions to treat existing nodules (ultrasound, massage, Hirudoid cream) continued, and apomorphine as well as other drugs was managed accordingto clinical routines. Data were collected between May 2015 and March 2017; at baseline, at the time of switching (about 2 weeks later), and up to 1.7-4.2 (mean, 2.5) months post-switch follow-up. Primary outcomes were total nodule numbers, size (mm diameter for the 5 worst nodules), consistency (scored 0-3 for the 5 worst nodules), and associated skin changes (scored 0-4 for the 5 worst nodules) and pain (scored 0-5). Patients also rated their perceived PD severity and motor complications (UPDRS IV). Patient preferences 5-12 months post-switch (2-9 months after follow-up) were also recorded. Results: Apomorphine and L-dopa doses did not change over the observation period (P≥0.400). Baseline nodule numbers (7.4 vs. 4.6; P<0.003), size (92.9 vs. 54.1 mm; P=0.016), consistency (11 vs. 5; P=0.003), skin changes (3 vs. 1.5; P=0.205), and average pain (1 vs. 0; P=0.020) improved 11 weeks post-switch. Patient-reported PD severity (P=0.020) and motor fluctuations improved (P=0.051), whereas dyskinesias tended to increase (P=0.205). At 5-12 months post-switch, 13 patients had decided to remain on apoPS; mainly due to improved nodules. Conclusions: These observations suggest that apoPS may have a better safety profile compared to apoGPF in terms of sc nodule occurrence and severity. There is a need for larger, randomized controlled studies for firmer conclusions.
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