| 1. |
- Bate, Pete, et al.
(författare)
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Application of laser-ultrasonics to texture measurements in metal processing
- 2017
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Ingår i: Acta Materialia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1359-6454 .- 1873-2453. ; 123, s. 329-336
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper describes in principle how information about textures can be obtained through the application of laser-ultrasonics (LUS) which can be carried out at elevated temperatures, for example in connection with hot rolling. The benefits from getting a measure of texture in this way are explained together with the proposed methodology which is based on the elastic anisotropic properties of the textured material. Measurements are made using only a single laser pulse and in real-time. Two approaches are presented to modelling the propagation of elastic waves, ray tracing and finite difference modelling. These give consistent results but the latter provides a more complete prediction of the ultrasonic spectrum that can be quantitatively related to measured signals through a cross-correlation procedure. Some experimental results are presented for room temperature measurements on a sheet of interstitial-free steel. Agreement between experimental data and modelling results is good and allows estimation of the 4th order coefficients of the orientation distribution function.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Hedberg, Yolanda, et al.
(författare)
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Chromium-protein complexation studies by adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry and MALDI-TOF-MS
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Electrochemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0021-891X .- 1572-8838. ; 42:5, s. 349-358
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A methodology using stripping voltammetry has been elaborated to enable sensitive and reliable protein-chromium complexation measurements. Disturbing effects caused by adsorption of proteins on the mercury electrode were addressed. At low concentrations of proteins (< 60-85 nM), chromium-protein complexation measurements were possible. Chromium(VI) complexation was quantitatively determined using differently sized, charged, and structured proteins: serum albumin (human and bovine), lysozyme, and mucin. Generated results showed a strong relation between complexation and protein size, concentration, and the number of amino acids per protein mass. Complexation increased nonlinearly with increasing protein concentrations. The nature of this complexation was based on weak interactions judged from combined results with MALDI-TOF-MS and adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry.
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| 4. |
- Hedberg, Yolanda, et al.
(författare)
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Surface-protein interactions on different stainless steel grades : effects of protein adsorption, surface changes and metal release
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0957-4530 .- 1573-4838. ; 24:4, s. 1015-1033
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Implantation using stainless steels (SS) is an example where an understanding of protein-induced metal release from SS is important when assessing potential toxicological risks. Here, the protein-induced metal release was investigated for austenitic (AISI 304, 310, and 316L), ferritic (AISI 430), and duplex (AISI 2205) grades in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4) solution containing either bovine serum albumin (BSA) or lysozyme (LSZ). The results show that both BSA and LSZ induce a significant enrichment of chromium in the surface oxide of all stainless steel grades. Both proteins induced an enhanced extent of released iron, chromium, nickel and manganese, very significant in the case of BSA (up to 40-fold increase), whereas both proteins reduced the corrosion resistance of SS, with the reverse situation for iron metal (reduced corrosion rates and reduced metal release in the presence of proteins). A full monolayer coverage is necessary to induce the effects observed.
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| 5. |
- Hutchinson, Bevis, et al.
(författare)
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Anomalous ultrasonic attenuation in ferritic steels at elevated temperatures
- 2016
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Ingår i: Ultrasonics. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0041-624X .- 1874-9968. ; 69, s. 268-272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An unexpected peak in attenuation has been observed at ∼800 °C when heating low carbon steels in a laser-ultrasonic instrument. An explanation is given in terms of enhanced crystalline anisotropy with increasing temperature in the bcc ferrite range combined with subsequent transformation to austenite at still higher temperatures. An analysis based on theoretical models of attenuation in the Rayleigh regime is in good agreement with the experimental observations.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Lundin, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Adsorption of lysozyme, beta-casein and their layer-by-layer formation on hydrophilic surfaces : Effect of ionic strength
- 2010
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Ingår i: Colloids and Surfaces B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-7765 .- 1873-4367. ; 77:1, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The adsorbed amount and layer structure of lysozyme, beta-casein and mixed layers of the two proteins were studied on hydrophilic silica and quartz surfaces using the following techniques: ellipsometry, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) and total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF). Particular emphasis was put on the effect of solution ionic strength on the layer formation. Both lysozyme and beta-casein showed a higher affinity for the silica surface when adsorbed from a solution of low ionic strength even though beta-casein and silica are negatively charged at the pH used. No beta-casein remained adsorbed after rinsing with a 150 mM buffer solution. The adsorbed amount of lysozyme on silica exceeded a monolayer coverage irrespective of the solution conditions and displayed a rigid structure. beta-Casein forms more than a single layer on pre-adsorbed lysozyme; an inner flat layer and an outer layer with an extended structure, which largely desorbs on rinsing. The build-up through sequential adsorption of lysozyme and beta-casein is favoured at intermediate and high ionic strength. The total adsorbed amount increased slightly with each deposition cycle and the mixed lysozyme/beta-casein layers contain higher amounts of protein compared to those of pure lysozyme or beta-casein. Sequential adsorption gives rise to a proteinaceous layer consisting of both lysozyme and beta-casein. The protein layers are probably highly interpenetrated with no clear separation between them.
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| 8. |
- Lundin, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of the adsorption kinetics and surface arrangement of "as received" and purified bovine submaxillary gland mucin (BSM) on hydrophilic surfaces
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 336:1, s. 30-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of bovine serum albumin (BSA) as impurity in a commercial bovine submaxillary gland mucin preparation (BSM; Sigma M3895) on the adsorption of BSM to hydrophilic surfaces (mica and silica) has been Studied in terms of adsorption kinetics, amount and structure of the formed adlayer. The Surface Force Apparatus (SFA) was used to gain information about the extended and compressed structure of adsorbed "as received" BSM, purified BSM, BSA extracted from the "as received" BSM and mixtures of the latter Purified proteins. The adsorbed amount was estimated using a combination of X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA), Enzyme-Linked Lectin Assay (ELLA), Dual Polarization Interferometry (DPI) and Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM-D) measurements. Under the used conditions, purified BSM showed very low affinity for silica and only small amounts were found to adsorb on mica. Initially, the BSM molecules adopted an extended conformation on the mica surface with tails extending into the bulk phase. These tails were irreversibly compressed into a very thin (10 A) layer upon applying a high load. "As received" BSM formed considerably thicker Compressed layers (35 A); however, the extended layer structure was qualitatively the same. When Mixtures of purified BSM and BSA were coadsorbed on mica, a 9 wt-% albumin content gave a comparable layer thickness as the "as received" BSM and from XPS data we draw the conclusion that the albumin content in the layer adsorbed from "as received" BSM was approximately 5 wt-%. Adsorption from an equal amount of BSM and BSA revealed that even though the amount of BSM is scarce in the mixed layer, the few BSM molecules have a drastic effect on the adsorbed thickness and Structure. Clearly, this study shows the importance of characterizing the mucin used since differences in purity give rise to different adsorption behaviours in terms of both adsorbed amount and layer Structure. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 9. |
- Lundin, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Layer-by-layer assemblies of chitosan and heparin: effect of solution ionic strength and pH
- 2011
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Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 27:12, s. 7537-7548
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The growth of polysaccharide multilayers consisting of positively charged chitosan (CH) and negatively charged heparin (HEP) was monitored in situ by employing a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM-D) and dual-polarization interferometry (DPI). The main focus was on how the physicochemical properties of the solution affect the growth and structure of the resulting multilayer film These results showed that when increasing the ionic strength of the polysaccharide solutions at a fixed pH, both the "dry" (optical) (DPI) mass and wet (QCM) mass of the adsorbed multilayer film increased. The same effect was found when increasing the pH while keeping the ionic strength constant. Furthermore, the growth of multilayers showed an exponential-like behavior independent of the solution conditions that were used in this study. It was also established that chitosan was the predominant species present in the chitosan heparin multilayer film. We discuss the viscoelastic properties of the adsorbed layers and their variation during the multilayer buildup. Interestingly and contrary to common interpretation of the QCM-D results, we found that under one particular solution condition (pH 4.2 and 30 mM NaCl) the increase in the dissipation of oscillation energy from the adsorbed layer was a consequence of layer stiffening rather than indicating a more hydrated and viscous film. On the basis of the widely used Voigt viscoelastic model for an adsorbed layer, we show that it is the film viscosity and shear that define the layer viscoelasticity (structure) of the film and not the absolute value of energy dissipation, which in fact can be very misleading.
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| 10. |
- Lundin, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Polymer Dynamics in Layer-by-Layer Assemblies of Chitosan and Heparin
- 2010
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Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 26:5, s. 3242-3251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The layer-by-layer deposition method has been used to build a multilayer thin film with two polysaccharides, chitosan CH (weak polycation) and heparin HEP (strong polyanion), on planar quartz surfaces. The film structure and dynamics in aqueous Solution were studied with fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF). Particular emphasis was placed on the effect of deposition conditions, i.e.. pH and salt concentration, on the out-of-plane (vertical) diffusion of fluorescence labeled chitosan in the chitosan/heparin (CH/HEP) film. FRET analysis showed that CH molecules diffused within the film with a diffusion coefficient that was not significantly sensitive to the deposition pH and Solution ionic strength. A pH-sensitive label bound to CH embedded within the CH/HEP Film wits sensitive to the charge of the outermost polymer layer even when buried under 14 alternate layers of CH and HER A consideration of the results obtained with both fluorescence techniques showed that the structure of the CH/HEP thin film wits highly interpenetrated without clear boundaries between each layer. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the previously observed exponential-like film growth of CH and HEP in terms of, layer thickness and deposited amount versus deposition cycle can be attributed to out-of-plane diffusion of CH molecules in the multilayer.
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