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Sökning: WFRF:(Magnus F.) > RISE

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1.
  • Behravesh, Rasaoul, et al. (författare)
  • Machine Learning at the Mobile Edge : The Case of Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH)
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 1932-4537 .- 1932-4537. ; 19:4, s. 4779-4793
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) is a standard for delivering video in segments and adapting each segment’s bitrate (quality), to adjust to changing and limited network bandwidth. We study segment prefetching, informed by machine learning predictions of bitrates of client segment requests, implemented at the network edge. We formulate this client segment request prediction problem as a supervised learning problem of predicting the bitrate of a client’s next segment request, in order to prefetch it at the mobile edge, with the objective of jointly improving the video streaming experience for the users and network bandwidth utilization for the service provider. The results of extensive evaluations showed a segment request prediction accuracy of close to 90% and reduced video segment access delay with a cache hit ratio of 58%, and reduced transport network load by lowering the backhaul link utilization by 60.91%.
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2.
  • Chen, Guo, 1969, et al. (författare)
  • Impact of long-term frozen storage on the dynamics of water and ice in wheat bread
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Journal of Cereal Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0733-5210 .- 1095-9963. ; 57:1, s. 120-124
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Frozen storage of bread has a substantial impact on the dynamics of water and ice in the crumb and crust. In this study, the impact was characterized using wheat bread stored at -18 °C for a long term of ?4 months. The frozen bread incurred a considerable loss of the crumb water that migrated out and formed ice crystals on the bread surface. Such a moisture decrease underwent more rapidly for the bread stored without intact crust, suggesting the specific role of crust during frozen storage. Moisture also redistributed significantly within the frozen crumb, resulting in an elevated crumb heterogeneity of freezable water. This redistribution of freezable water was accompanied by a progressive recrystallization of the crumb-borne ice crystals, which were measured to grow into bulk sizes using a modified calorimetric procedure for analyzing the crumb samples at their as-frozen states.
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3.
  • Claesson, Per M., et al. (författare)
  • Mixtures of cationic polyelectrolyte and anionic surfactant studied with small-angle neutron scattering
  • 2000
  • Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1089-5647 .- 1520-6106 .- 1520-5207. ; 104:49, s. 11689-11694
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) data for solutions containing a highly charged cationic polyelectrolyte and an anionic surfactant are presented. The scattering data were obtained in pure D2O, emphasizing the scattering from the polyelectrolyte, and in a H2O/D2O mixture that contrast matches the polyelectrolyte. In the absence of surfactant, a broad scattering peak due to the mesh size of the polyelectrolyte solution is the most characteristic feature. This peak moves to larger q-values (smaller distances) as the polyelectrolyte concentration is increased, as expected for a semidilute polyelectrolyte solution. Addition of a small amount of surfactant reduces and finally removes this peak. Instead a sharp diffraction peak appears at high q-values. This Bragg peak corresponds to a characteristic distance of 37-39 Angstrom, and it is observed when either the polyelectrolyte or the surfactant is contrast matched by the solvent. Once this peak has appeared, its position does not change when the surfactant concentration is increased. The intensity of the peak grows, however, until a stoichiometric polyelectrolyte-surfactant complex has been formed. The Bragg peak remains in excess surfactant solution. These results are discussed in relation to the structure of the polyelectrolyte-surfactant aggregates and in connection with recent results from surface force and turbidity measurements using the same polyelectrolyte-surfactant pair.
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4.
  • Del Campo, D., et al. (författare)
  • Calibration of thermocouples from 419,527 °C (freezing point of Zn) up to 1492 °C (melting point of the Pd-C eutectic), by the temperature fixed point and comparison methods
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Metrologia. - : IOP Publishing Ltd. - 0026-1394 .- 1681-7575. ; 57:1 A, s. 1-121
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This report present the results of the EURAMET inter-comparison carried out to compare the calibration of thermocouples from 419,527 °C (freezing point of Zn) up to 1492 °C (melting point of the Pd-C eutectic). This inter-comparison is intended to be used to support the calibration and measurement capabilities (CMCs) of the participants in the calibration of thermocouples. The comparison was organized in three loops with nineteen participating laboratories and it allowed the performance of the measurement either in fixed points and/or by comparison. The method used to analyse the results of the comparison was the generalized weighted mean that takes into account the full covariance matrix that includes correlations between the participants which have similar traceability sources and between measurements performed by the same laboratory (i.e. the pilots that performed measurements at the beginning and at the end of each loop and the measurements performed by the same laboratory in fixed points and by comparison at the same calibration point). Main text To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCT, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA). 
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5.
  • Hey Tow, Kenny, et al. (författare)
  • Monitoring mining induced seismicity using optical fibre sensors during mine exploitation
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng. - : SPIE. - 1996-756X .- 0277-786X. - 9781510665002
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Fibre-optic based sensing technologies are becoming popular in the field of geophysics since enable long range and high spatial resolution acoustic measurements. In this work, we present preliminary results obtained using quasi-distributed Fibre-Bragg grating sensing and Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) to monitor seismic activities in an operational underground mine. 12 FBGs and 800 metres of fiber optic cable was installed in the tunnel lining an operational mine and recorded mine seismicity such as production blasts and a small seismic activity of magnitude 1.41 in September 2022. 
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6.
  • Liljeblad, Jonathan F.D. 1978-, et al. (författare)
  • Phospholipid Monolayers Probed by Vibrational Sum Frequency Spectroscopy : Instability of Unsaturated Phospholipids
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Biophysical Journal. - : Cell Press. - 0006-3495 .- 1542-0086. ; 98, s. L50-L52
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The surface specific technique vibrational sum frequency spectroscopy has been applied to in situ studies of the degradation of Langmuir monolayers of 1,2-diacyl-phosphocholines with various degrees of unsaturation in the aliphatic chains. To monitor the degradation of the phospholipids, the time-dependent change of the monolayer area at constant surface pressure and the sum frequency intensity of the vinyl CH stretch at the carbon-carbon double bonds were measured. The data show a rapid degradation of monolayers of phospholipids carrying unsaturated aliphatic chains compared to the stable lipids carrying fully saturated chains when exposed to the ambient laboratory air. In addition, the degradation of the phospholipids can be inhibited by purging the ambient air with nitrogen. This instability may be attributed to spontaneous degradation by oxidation mediated by various reactive species in the air. To further elucidate the process of lipid oxidation in biological membranes artificial Langmuir monolayers probed by a surface specific spectroscopic technique as in this study can serve as a model system for studying the degradation/oxidation of cell membrane constituents.
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7.
  • Liljeblad, Jonathan F.D., et al. (författare)
  • Self-assembly of long chain fatty acids : Effect of a methyl branch
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1463-9076 .- 1463-9084. ; 16:33, s. 17869-17882
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The morphology and molecular conformation of Langmuir-Blodgett deposited and floating monolayers of a selection of straight chain (eicosanoic acid, EA), iso (19-methyl eicosanoic acid, 19-MEA), and anteiso (18-methyl eicosanoic acid, 18-MEA) fatty acids have been investigated by Vibrational Sum Frequency Spectroscopy (VSFS), AFM imaging, and the Langmuir trough. While the straight chain fatty acid forms smooth, featureless monolayers, all the branched chain fatty acids display 10-50 nm sized domains (larger for 19-MEA than the 18-MEA) with a homogeneous size distribution. A model is suggested to explain the domain formation and size in terms of the branched fatty acid packing properties and the formation of hemispherical caps at the liquid-air interface. No difference between the chiral (S) form and the racemic mixture of the 18-MEA is observed with any of the utilized techniques. The aliphatic chains of the straight chain fatty acids appear to be oriented perpendicular to the sample surface, based on an orientational analysis of VSFS data and the odd/even effect. In addition, the selection of the subphase (neat water or CdCl2 containing water buffered to pH 6.0) used for the LB-deposition has a profound influence on the monolayer morphology, packing density, compressibility, and conformational order. Finally, the orientation of the 19-MEA dimethyl moiety is estimated, and a strategy for performing an orientational analysis to determine the complete molecular orientation of the aliphatic chains of 19-MEA and 18-MEA is outlined and discussed.
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8.
  • Liljeblad, Jonathan F.D. 1978-, et al. (författare)
  • Supported Phospholipid Monolayers : The Molecular Structure Investigated by Vibrational Sum Frequency Spectroscopy
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 115:21, s. 10617-10629
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The molecular structure, packing properties, and hydrating water of Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers of the phospholipids 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glyercophosphatidylcholine (DSPC, 18:0 PC), its deuterated analogue (18:0 PC-d83), and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glyerco-phosphatidylserine (DSPC, 18:0 PS) deposited on planar calcium fluoride (CaF2) substrates have been investigated using the surface-specific nonlinear optical technique vibrational sum frequency spectroscopy (VSFS). Compression isotherms were recorded before the deposition of the monolayers at a surface pressure of 35 mN/m, mimicking the conditions of biological cell membranes. The CH and CD stretch regions, the water region, and the lower wavenumber region, containing phosphate, ester, carboxylate, and amine signals, thus partly covering the fingerprint region, were probed to obtain a complete map of the molecules. The data indicate that all deposited monolayers formed a well-ordered and stable film, and probing the water region revealed significant differences in hydration for the different headgroups. In addition, the tilt angle of the aliphatic chains relative to the surface normal was estimated to be approximately 4 degrees to 10 degrees based on orientational analysis using the antisymmetric methyl stretching vibration. Orientational analysis of the ester C=O groups was also performed, and the result was consistent with the estimated tilt angle of the aliphatic chains.
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9.
  • Liljeblad, Jonathan F.D. 1978-, et al. (författare)
  • The Structure of Model Membranes Studied by Vibrational Sum Frequency Spectroscopy
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Progress in Colloid and Polymer Science. - Berlin Heidelberg : Springer-Verlag. - 0340-255X .- 1437-8027. ; 137, s. 9-12
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The structure and order of insoluble Langmuir monolayers consisting of 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DSPC or 18:0 PC) and the surrounding water molecules have been investigated by vibrational sum frequency spectroscopy (VSFS). At surface pressures of 1, 15, and 57 mN/m corresponding to molecular areas of 53, 50, and 43 Å2, respectively, the DSPC molecules formed a well ordered film. Both the VSF signal from the methyl stretching vibrations of the lipid and the surrounding water increased with enhanced surface pressure, as a result of the higher surface density and increased order of the system. Water molecules hydrating the polar parts of the headgroup and in close contact to the hydrocarbon groups of the lipid were observed in all three polarization combinations of the laser beams, and distinguished by their different vibrational frequencies.
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10.
  • Lorén, Niklas, 1970, et al. (författare)
  • Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching in material and life sciences: Putting theory into practice
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics. - 1469-8994 .- 0033-5835. ; 48:3, s. 323-387
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Copyright © 2015 Cambridge University Press.Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) is a versatile tool for determining diffusion and interaction/binding properties in biological and material sciences. An understanding of the mechanisms controlling the diffusion requires a deep understanding of structure-interaction-diffusion relationships. In cell biology, for instance, this applies to the movement of proteins and lipids in the plasma membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus. In industrial applications related to pharmaceutics, foods, textiles, hygiene products and cosmetics, the diffusion of solutes and solvent molecules contributes strongly to the properties and functionality of the final product. All these systems are heterogeneous, and accurate quantification of the mass transport processes at the local level is therefore essential to the understanding of the properties of soft (bio)materials. FRAP is a commonly used fluorescence microscopy-based technique to determine local molecular transport at the micrometer scale. A brief high-intensity laser pulse is locally applied to the sample, causing substantial photobleaching of the fluorescent molecules within the illuminated area. This causes a local concentration gradient of fluorescent molecules, leading to diffusional influx of intact fluorophores from the local surroundings into the bleached area. Quantitative information on the molecular transport can be extracted from the time evolution of the fluorescence recovery in the bleached area using a suitable model. A multitude of FRAP models has been developed over the years, each based on specific assumptions. This makes it challenging for the non-specialist to decide which model is best suited for a particular application. Furthermore, there are many subtleties in performing accurate FRAP experiments. For these reasons, this review aims to provide an extensive tutorial covering the essential theoretical and practical aspects so as to enable accurate quantitative FRAP experiments for molecular transport measurements in soft (bio)materials.
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