| 1. |
- Lindfeldt, Erik G., et al.
(författare)
-
Strategies for a road transport system based on renewable resources : The case of an import-independent Sweden in 2025
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Applied Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-2619 .- 1872-9118. ; 87:6, s. 1836-1845
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When discussing how society can decrease greenhouse gas emissions, the transport sector is often seen as posing one of the most difficult problems. In addition, the transport sector faces problems related to security of supply. The aim of this paper is to present possible strategies for a road transport system based on renewable energy sources and to illustrate how such a system could be designed to avoid dependency on imports, using Sweden as an example. The demand-side strategies considered include measures for decreasing the demand for transport, as well as various technical and non-technical means of improving vehicle fuel economy. On the supply side, biofuels and synthetic fuels produced from renewable electricity are discussed. Calculations are performed to ascertain the possible impact of these measures on the future Swedish road transport sector. The results underline the importance of powerful demand-side measures and show that although biofuels can certainly contribute significantly to an import-independent road transport sector, they are far from enough even in a biomass-rich country like Sweden. Instead, according to this study, fuels based on renewable electricity will have to cover more than half of the road transport sector's energy demand.
|
|
| 2. |
- Morales-Alonso, G., et al.
(författare)
-
Behaviour of concrete structural members subjected to air blast loading
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Proceedings - 27th International Symposium on Ballistics, BALLISTICS 2013. - 9781605951065 ; , s. 936-947
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Numerical analysis is a suitable tool in the design of complex reinforced concrete structures under extreme impulsive loadings such as impacts or explosions at close range. Such events may be the result of terrorist attacks. Reinforced concrete is commonly used for buildings and infrastructures. For this reason, the ability to accurately run numerical simulations of concrete elements subjected to blast loading is needed. In this context, reliable constitutive models for concrete are of capital importance. In this research numerical simulations using two different constitutive models for concrete (Continuous Surface Cap Model and Brittle Damage Model) have been carried out using LS-DYNA. Two experimental benchmark tests have been taken as reference. The results of the numerical simulations with the aforementioned constitutive models show different abilities to accurately represent the structural response of the reinforced concrete elements studied.
|
|
