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| 2. |
- Malmgren, Helge, 1945, et al.
(författare)
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Consciousness
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, 2d ed, Vol 2. Ed. W.A. Darity. - Detroit : Macmillan Reference. - 9780080430768 ; , s. 78-82
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Allwood, Carl Martin, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Minne och kognition
- 2012
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Ingår i: Kognitionsvetenskap. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144051666 ; , s. 159-173
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I detta kapitel beskrev vi först några klassiska, filosofiska minnesteorier. Därefter gick vi igenom forskning om olika former av minne hos djur. Klassisk betingning enligt Pavlov och instrumentell (operant) betingning enligt Thorndike och Skinner beskrevs, och Hebbs princip introducerades. Skillnaden mellan icke-associativt och associativt minne diskuterades kort. Kapitlet beskrev även olika aspekter av människans minne. Bland annat behandlades distinktionerna mellan explicit (medveten kontroll möjlig) och implicit (omedvetet reglerade minnesprocesser) minne och mellan prospektivt (handlar om framtiden) och retrospektivt (gäller det förflutna) minne. Därefter beskrevs korttidsminnet (håller en begränsad mängd information relativt lättillgänglig under en kortare stund) och arbetsminnet (inre struktur i korttidsminnet), för att sedan diskutera långtidsminnet (kan lagra information lång tid). Långtidsminnes struktur beskrevs i termer av den semantiska nätverksmodellen samt semantiskt (minne för sakförhållanden), episodiskt (upplevelseminne) och procedurellt (färdighetsminne) minne Långtidsminnets processer beskrevs bl. a i termer av minnescykeln som består av inkodning, lagring och framtagning (igenkänning eller återgivning). I detta sammanhang beskrevs också Tulving och Thomsons princip om specifik inkodning som betonar att likhet mellan inkodnings- och framtagningskontexten underlättar minnesaktivering. Kapitlet avslutades med en presentation av Jenkins minnesmodell som tar ett övergripande systemperspektiv på minnet.
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| 5. |
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Artificial Neural Networks in Medicine and Biology
- 2000
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This book contains the proceedings of ANNIMAB-1, the first international conference on artificial neural networks in medicine and biology. Comprising a selection of papers from leading researchers in the field, it summarises the state-of-the-art, analyses the relationship between ANN techniques and other available methods and points to possible future biomedical and medical uses of ANNs.
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| 6. |
- Björnsdotter, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Support Vector Machine Diagnosis of Acute Abdominal Pain
- 2010
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Ingår i: Communications in Computer and Information Science. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 1865-0929. ; 52:4, s. 347-355, s. 347-355
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores the feasibility of a decision-support system for patients seeking care for acute abdominal pain, and, specifically the diagnosis of acute diverticulitis. We used a linear support vector machine (SVM) to separate diverticulitis from all other reported cases of abdominal pain and from the important differential diagnosis non-specific abdominal pain (NSAP). On a database containing 3337 patients, the SVM obtained results comparable to those of the doctors in separating diverticulitis or NSAP from the remaining diseases. The distinction between diverticulitis and NSAP was, however, substantially improved by the SVM. For this patient group, the doctors achieved a sensitivity of 0.714 and a specificity of 0.963. When adjusted to the physicians’ results, the SVM sensitivity/specificity was higher at 0.714/0.985 and 0.786/0.963 respectively. Age was found as the most important discriminative variable, closely followed by C-reactive protein level and lower left side pain.
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| 7. |
- Björnsdotter Åberg, Malin, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Towards an Automatic Diagnosis System for Acute Abdominal Pain - Support Vector Machines for the Diagnosis of Diverticulitis and Non-specific Abdominal Pain
- 2009
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Ingår i: Luís Azevedo, Ana Rita Londral (Eds.): Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Health Informatics, HEALTHINF 2009, Porto, Portugal, January 14-17, 2009. - 9789898111630 ; , s. 51-57
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores the feasibility of a decision-support system for patients seeking care for acute abdominal pain, and, specifically the diagnosis of acute diverticulitis. We used a linear support vector machine (SVM) to separate diverticulitis from all other reported cases of abdominal pain and from the important differential diagnosis non-specific abdominal pain (NSAP). On a database containing 3337 patients, the SVM obtained results comparable to those of the doctors in separating diverticulitis or NSAP from the remaining diseases. The distinction between diverticulitis and NSAP was, however, substantially improved by the SVM. For this patient group, the doctors achieved a sensitivity of 0.714 and a specificity of 0.963. When adjusted to the physicians’ results, the SVM sensitivity/specificity was higher at 0.714/0.985 and 0.786/0.963 respectively. Age was found as the most important discriminative variable, closely followed by C-reactive protein level and lower left side pain.
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| 8. |
- Borga, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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FSED - feature selective edge detection
- 2000
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 15th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, Barcelona. - : IEEE. - 0769507506
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a method that finds edges between certain image features, e.g. gray-levels, and disregards edges between other features. The method uses a channel representation of the features and performs normalized convolution using the channel values as certainties. This means that areas with certain features can be disregarded by the edge filter. The method provides an important tool for finding tissue specific edges in medical images, as demonstrated by an MR-image example.
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| 10. |
- Bunketorp Käll, Lina, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a Curricular Physical Activity Intervention on Children's School Performance, Wellness, and Brain Development
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of School Health. - : Wiley. - 0022-4391 .- 1746-1561. ; 85:10, s. 704-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Physical activity and structural differences in the hippocampus have been linked to educational outcome. We investigated whether a curriculum-based physical activity intervention correlates positively with children’s academic achievement, psychological well-being, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), fitness, and structural development of the brain. METHODS: The study had a quasi-experimental design and a control group. National test results were gathered from 545 students, 122 in the intervention school, and 423 in 3 control schools. HRQoL and socioemotional data were collected with child and proxy versions of KIDSCREEN and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Overall, 79 students in grades 5 and 6 were recruited for an in-depth study, consisting of a submaximal oxygen consumption test and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. HRQoL and socioemotional data were collected from 349 students (65%), 182 (52%) in the intervention school, and 167 (48%) in one of the control schools. RESULTS: Girls attending the intervention school were more likely to pass national tests in Swedish (odds ratio 5.7) and Mathematics (odds ratio 3.2). The fourth to sixth graders in the intervention school reported lower levels of conduct problems (p < .05), and the girls were also less likely to report hyperactivity (p < .05). Girls reported higher levels of emotional problems (p < .05) than boys. Boys in the intervention group had significantly higher levels of estimated maximal oxygen uptake (p < .05) than controls. No difference in hippocampal structure was seen. CONCLUSIONS: Curriculum-based physical activity in school may improve the academic achievement and psychological health of children, particularly for girls.
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