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- Mandahl, Nils, et al.
(författare)
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Soft tissue tumors
- 2015. - 4th
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Ingår i: Cancer Cytogenetics : Chromosomal and Molecular Genetic Aberrations of Tumor Cells - Chromosomal and Molecular Genetic Aberrations of Tumor Cells. - Chichester, UK : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. - 9781118795538 - 9781118795569 ; , s. 583-614
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Soft tissue tumors are highly heterogeneous with more than 100 subtypes. The chapter describes a large number of fibroblastic/myofibroblastic tumor entities. Alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas (ARMS) and embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas (ERMS) show largely similar patterns of genomic imbalances, although most of them occur at higher frequencies among the latter. The chromosome numbers of 70 undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas varied from near haploidy to hyperoctaploidy. Cytogenetic analyses have revealed that practically all soft tissue tumor types harbor acquired chromosome aberrations. The type of aberrations and the level of karyotypic complexity vary considerably from one tumor entity to another. At one end are the pathognomonic translocations that by themselves are extremely useful diagnostic signatures. Detection of such aberrations, by cytogenetic or molecular genetic means, is useful in the diagnostic setting when combined with clinicopathologic data. The prognostic impact of the genetic aberrations identified in soft tissue tumors is largely unknown.
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| 2. |
- Mertens, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Tumors of bone
- 2015. - 4th
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Ingår i: Cancer Cytogenetics : Chromosomal and Molecular Genetic Aberrations of Tumor Cells - Chromosomal and Molecular Genetic Aberrations of Tumor Cells. - Chichester, UK : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. - 9781118795538 - 9781118795569 ; , s. 566-582
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bone tumors constitute a heterogeneous group of neoplasms of skeletal origin. Benign cartilage tumors include osteochondroma, subungual exostosis, bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (BPOP), chondromas, synovial chondromatosis, chondroblastoma, and chondromyxoid fibroma. Ewing sarcomas, also known as primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET), are highly aggressive small cell round cell sarcomas showing varying degrees of neuroectodermal differentiation. Giant cell tumor of bone is a benign but locally aggressive tumor accounting for approximately 5% of all bone tumors. Cytogenetic analyses of bone tumors have demonstrated that most subtypes carry characteristic, sometimes tumor-specific, chromosomal aberrations that are useful for differential diagnostic purposes. Many of the tumor-specific chromosomal rearrangements are balanced translocations, and for the majority of them, the molecular consequences have been clarified, allowing the use of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to verify or exclude their presence preoperatively or before initiating chemotherapy.
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