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- Carli, V, et al.
(författare)
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A protective genetic variant for adverse environments? The role of childhood traumas and serotonin transporter gene on resilience and depressive severity in a high-risk population
- 2011
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Ingår i: European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1778-3585. ; 26:8, s. 471-478
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genetic aspects may influence the effect of early adverse events on psychological well being in adulthood. In particular, a common polymorphism within the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR short/long) has been associated to the risk for stress-induced psychopathology. In the present study we investigated the role of childhood traumas and 5-HTTLPR on measures of psychological resilience and depression in a sample of individuals at a high risk for psychological distress (763 male prisoners). The 5-HTTLPR genotype did not influence resilience and depressive severity. However, a significant interaction was observed between 5-HTTLPR and childhood traumas on both resilience and depressive severity. In particular, among subjects exposed to severe childhood trauma only, the long-allele was associated to lower resilience scores and increased current depressive severity as compared to short/short homozygous. Sex specific effects, difference in type and duration of stressors and the specific composition of the sample may explain discrepancy with many studies reporting the short-allele as a vulnerability factor for reactivity to stress. We here speculated that in males the long-allele may confer lower resilience and therefore higher vulnerability for depressive symptoms in subjects exposed to early stress and currently living in stressful environments.
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- Carli, V, et al.
(författare)
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Self-harm in prisoners
- 2011
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Ingår i: CNS spectrums. - 1092-8529. ; 16:3, s. 75-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
- Dell'Osso, L, et al.
(författare)
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Temperamental and genetic predictors of suicide attempt and self-mutilation
- 2013
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Ingår i: Neuropsychobiology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-0224 .- 0302-282X. ; 68:4, s. 250-257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <b><i>Background and Aims:</i></b> Literature findings mainly support the notion that suicide attempts (SA) and self-mutilating behavior (SMB) are distinct behaviors, although they may share common psychopathological features. In the present paper we aimed to identify behavioral phenotypes in patients with SA, SMB, or both (SAM) and to analyze the association with candidate genes. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> One hundred forty-two inpatients with a history of SA (n = 86), SMB (n = 22), and SAM (n = 39) were included in this study. Subjects were evaluated using the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) and the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory (BDHI). Polymorphisms within serotonin transporter (SLC6A4, HTTLPR), catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT, Val158Met), and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH, 218C>A) were also analyzed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Principal component factor analysis including the BDHI and TPQ produced 3 factors that could classify the 3 groups of patients with good sensitivity. However, only the ‘pure suicidal' factor had a sufficient positive predictive value. This factor was characterized by high levels of persistence (PS) and, to a lower extent, reward dependence. The distribution of genotypes was not different across patient groups for all polymorphisms, but the SS genotype of HTTLPR was significantly associated with the ‘self-mutilation' factor, characterized by high levels of hostile traits, novelty seeking, and harm avoidance. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The results of the present study suggest that different and overlapping temperamental traits in suicidal and self-mutilating patients are present, although only high levels of PS could predict SA repetition. Finally, HTTLPR may mediate the risk for SMB through modulation of some temperamental traits.
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| 10. |
- Mandelli, GE, et al.
(författare)
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Tumor Infiltrating Neutrophils Are Enriched in Basal-Type Urothelial Bladder Cancer
- 2020
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Ingår i: Cells. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4409. ; 9:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Urothelial bladder cancers (UBCs) are distinct in two main molecular subtypes, namely basal and luminal type. Subtypes are also diverse in term of immune contexture, providing a rationale for patient selection to immunotherapy. Methods: By digital microscopy analysis of a muscle-invasive BC (MIBC) cohort, we explored the density and clinical significance of CD66b+ tumor-associated-neutrophils (TAN) and CD3+ T cells. Bioinformatics analysis of UBC datasets and gene expression analysis of UBC cell lines were additionally performed. Results: Basal type BC contained a significantly higher density of CD66b+ TAN compared to the luminal type. This finding was validated on TCGA, GSE32894 and GSE124305 datasets by computing a neutrophil signature. Of note, basal-type MIBC display a significantly higher level of chemokines (CKs) attracting neutrophils. Moreover, pro-inflammatory stimuli significantly up-regulate CXCL1, CXCL2 and CXCL8 in 5637 and RT4 UBC cell lines and induce neutrophil chemotaxis. In term of survival, a high density of T cells and TAN was significantly associated to a better outcome, with TAN density showing a more limited statistical power and following a non-linear predicting model. Conclusions: TAN are recruited in basal type MIBC by pro-inflammatory CKs. This finding establishes a groundwork for a better understanding of the UBC immunity and its relevance.
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