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Sökning: WFRF:(Marciniak Arkadiusz)

  • Resultat 1-6 av 6
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1.
  • Chyleński, Maciej, et al. (författare)
  • Ancient Mitochondrial Genomes Reveal the Absence of Maternal Kinship in the Burials of catalhoyuk People and Their Genetic Affinities
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Genes. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4425 .- 2073-4425. ; 10:3
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Çatalhöyük is one of the most widely recognized and extensively researched Neolithic settlements. The site has been used to discuss a wide range of aspects associated with the spread of the Neolithic lifestyle and the social organization of Neolithic societies. Here, we address both topics using newly generated mitochondrial genomes, obtained by direct sequencing and capture-based enrichment of genomic libraries, for a group of individuals buried under a cluster of neighboring houses from the classical layer of the site's occupation. Our data suggests a lack of maternal kinship between individuals interred under the floors of Çatalhöyük buildings. The findings could potentially be explained either by a high variability of maternal lineages within a larger kin group, or alternatively, an intentional selection of individuals for burial based on factors other than biological kinship. Our population analyses shows that Neolithic Central Anatolian groups, including Çatalhöyük, share the closest affinity with the population from the Marmara Region and are, in contrast, set further apart from the Levantine populations. Our findings support the hypothesis about the emergence and the direction of spread of the Neolithic within Anatolian Peninsula and beyond, emphasizing a significant role of Central Anatolia in this process.
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2.
  • Chylenski, Maciej, et al. (författare)
  • Late Danubian mitochondrial genomes shed light into the Neolithisation of Central Europe in the 5th millennium BC
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: BMC Evolutionary Biology. - : BIOMED CENTRAL LTD. - 1471-2148. ; 17
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Recent aDNA studies are progressively focusing on various Neolithic and Hunter-Gatherer (HG) populations, providing arguments in favor of major migrations accompanying European Neolithisation. The major focus was so far on the Linear Pottery Culture (LBK), which introduced the Neolithic way of life in Central Europe in the second half of 6th millennium BC. It is widely agreed that people of this culture were genetically different from local HGs and no genetic exchange is seen between the two groups. From the other hand some degree of resurgence of HGs genetic component is seen in late Neolithic groups belonging to the complex of the Funnel Beaker Cultures (TRB). Less attention is brought to various middle Neolithic cultures belonging to Late Danubian sequence which chronologically fall in between those two abovementioned groups. We suspected that genetic influx from HG to farming communities might have happened in Late Danubian cultures since archaeologists see extensive contacts between those two communities. Results: Here we address this issue by presenting 5 complete mitochondrial genomes of various late Danubian individuals from modern-day Poland and combining it with available published data. Our data show that Late Danubian cultures are maternally closely related to Funnel Beaker groups instead of culturally similar LBK. Conclusions: We assume that it is an effect of the presence of individuals belonging to U5 haplogroup both in Late Danubians and the TRB. The U5 haplogroup is thought to be a typical for HGs of Europe and therefore we argue that it is an additional evidence of genetic exchange between farming and HG groups taking place at least as far back as in middle Neolithic, in the Late Danubian communities.
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3.
  • Forte, Maurizio, et al. (författare)
  • Interpretation Process at Çatalhöyük using 3D
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Assembling Çatalhöyük. - 9781910526002 ; 1
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The project “3D-Digging at Çatalhöyük” started in 2009 as an on-site digital experiment to record every phase of the archaeological excavation in 3D, using different technologies such as terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), image-based modeling (IBM), remote sensing, and photogrammetry. The end goal of the project is to make the excavation process virtually reversible using different simulation environments: Z-Space (desktop stereoscopic display); Oculus Rift (immersive head mounted display) and the DiVE (Duke Immersive Virtual Environment). During the excavation of B.89 and other buildings, all the georeferenced 3D models were imported in the GIS geodatabase and integrated with other spatially related data, equally stored and arranged in the geodatabase. The capability of the GIS to integrate, display and analyze diverse data sets within a single environment makes this tool an ideal infrastructure for archaeological interpretation and an optimal place for 3D data to be used in the interpretation process. Indeed, 3D interaction and visualization allow very detailed analyses of all the stratigraphic relations in the 3D space and a more advanced reconstruction of all the archaeological excavations.
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4.
  • Frantz, Laurent A. F., et al. (författare)
  • Ancient pigs reveal a near-complete genomic turnover following their introduction to Europe
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 116:35, s. 17231-17238
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Archaeological evidence indicates that pig domestication had begun by similar to 10,500 y before the present ( BP) in the Near East, and mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA) suggests that pigs arrived in Europe alongside farmers similar to 8,500 y BP. A few thousand years after the introduction of Near Eastern pigs into Europe, however, their characteristic mtDNA signature disappeared and was replaced by haplotypes associated with European wild boars. This turnover could be accounted for by substantial gene flow from local European wild boars, although it is also possible that European wild boars were domesticated independently without any genetic contribution from the Near East. To test these hypotheses, we obtained mtDNA sequences from 2,099 modern and ancient pig samples and 63 nuclear ancient genomes from Near Eastern and European pigs. Our analyses revealed that European domestic pigs dating from 7,100 to 6,000 y BP possessed both Near Eastern and European nuclear ancestry, while later pigs possessed no more than 4% Near Eastern ancestry, indicating that gene flow from European wild boars resulted in a near-complete disappearance of Near East ancestry. In addition, we demonstrate that a variant at a locus encoding black coat color likely originated in the Near East and persisted in European pigs. Altogether, our results indicate that while pigs were not independently domesticated in Europe, the vast majority of human-mediated selection over the past 5,000 y focused on the genomic fraction derived from the European wild boars, and not on the fraction that was selected by early Neolithic farmers over the first 2,500 y of the domestication process.
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5.
  • Kajda, Kornelia, et al. (författare)
  • Archaeology, Heritage, and Social Value: Public Perspectives on European Archaeology
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Archaeology. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1461-9571 .- 1741-2722. ; 21:1, s. 96-117
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This article presents the key results of a major survey carried out by the NEARCH project on the public perception of archaeology and heritage across Europe. The analysis focuses on three main points of significance for contemporary archaeological practice. The first is the image of archaeology and its definition in the perception of the general public. The second concerns the values that archaeology represents for the public. The third focuses on the social expectations placed on archaeologists and archaeology. The NEARCH survey clearly indicates that there is a significant public expectation by Europeans that archaeology should work comprehensively across a broad range of areas, and that cultural heritage management in general needs to engage more with different archaeological and heritage groups.
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6.
  • Yaka, Reyhan, et al. (författare)
  • Variable kinship patterns in Neolithic Anatolia revealed by ancient genomes
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Current Biology. - : Cell Press. - 0960-9822 .- 1879-0445. ; 31:11, s. 2455-2468.e18
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The social organization of the first fully sedentary societies that emerged during the Neolithic period in Southwest Asia remains enigmatic,(1) mainly because material culture studies provide limited insight into this issue. However, because Neolithic Anatolian communities often buried their dead beneath domestic buildings,(2) household composition and social structure can be studied through these human remains. Here, we describe genetic relatedness among co-burials associated with domestic buildings in Neolithic Anatolia using 59 ancient genomes, including 22 new genomes from Asxikli Hoyuk and Catalhoyuk. We infer pedigree relationships by simultaneously analyzing multiple types of information, including autosomal and X chromosome kinship coefficients, maternal markers, and radiocarbon dating. In two early Neolithic villages dating to the 9th and 8th millennia BCE, Asxikli Hoyuk and Boncuklu, we discover that siblings and parent-offspring pairings were frequent within domestic structures, which provides the first direct indication of close genetic relationships among co-burials. In contrast, in the 7th millennium BCE sites of Catalhoyuk and Barcin, where we study subadults interred within and around houses, we find close genetic relatives to be rare. Hence, genetic relatedness may not have played a major role in the choice of burial location at these latter two sites, at least for subadults. This supports the hypothesis that in Catalhoyuk,(3-5) and possibly in some other Neolithic communities, domestic structures may have served as burial location for social units incorporating biologically unrelated individuals. Our results underscore the diversity of kin structures in Neolithic communities during this important phase of sociocultural development.
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