| 1. |
- Sandborgh, Maria, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Integration of Behavioral Medicine Competencies into Physical Therapy Curriculum in an Exemplary Swedish Program : Rationale, Process and Ten-year Review
- 2020
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Ingår i: Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. - Philadelphia : Taylor & Francis. - 0959-3985 .- 1532-5040. ; 36:3, s. 365-377
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2004, Mälardalen University, Sweden, introduced a new undergraduate entry-level physiotherapy program. Program developers constructed the curriculum with behavioral medicine content that reflected the contemporary definition and values of the physiotherapy profession aligning it with current best practices, evidence, and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). The new curriculum conceptualized movement and function as modifiable behaviors in that they reflect behavioral contingencies, perceptions, beliefs, and lifestyle factors as well as pathophysiology and environmental factors. The purpose of this article is to describe how one university accordingly structured its new curriculum and its review. We describe the rationale for the curriculum's behavioral medicinecontent and competencies, its development and implementation, challenges, long-term outcomes, and its related research enterprise. We conclude that physiotherapy practiced by our graduates augments that taught in other programs based on accreditation reviews. With their expanded practice scope, graduates are systematically practicing within the constructs of health and function conceptualized within the ICF. Our intent in sharing our experience is to exemplify one university's initiative to best prepare students with respect to maximizing physiotherapy outcomes as well as establish a dialogue regarding minimum standards of behavioral medicine competencies in physiotherapy education and practice.
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| 2. |
- Arman, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Caregiving for existential wellbeing : existential literacy. A clinical study in an anthroposophic healthcare context
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Practice Development Journal. - 2046-9292. ; 3:1, s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and context: The occurrence of existential caregiving as a natural element of healthcare is the focus of this research. According to the literature, there is a lack of understanding of this issue, from a theoretical as well as a clinical point of view. In this design ‘existential’ and ‘spiritual’ are seen as synonymous and without religious association. Existential questions are regarded as questions about life, death, meaning, love, vulnerability, responsibility and dependence. The context for the project is an integrated anthroposophic hospital that offers rehabilitation for patients with cancer.Aims and objectives: With the support of an anthroposophic and caring scientific view of human beings, and by using concrete examples, the aim is to develop and deepen an understanding of existential care for patients in life-decisive phases in the care and rehabilitation of cancer. Clinical application research was used in cooperation with academic researchers and clinically active colleagues. Eleven clinicians from varying professions and two researchers collaborated over the course of two years. The data used came from 65 case reports of significant care situations experienced by the team members. A joint interpretive qualitative analysis led to the formulation of the findings.Conclusions: Existential caregiving in practice requires an ‘existential literacy’, using the metaphor of human life as a text or a book whose contents are legible only for the one versed in the language. In order to gain a complete understanding of caregiving, an ability to read a suffering human’s language and decipher its meaning is essential. The patient’s narrative might open up a caregiver’s awareness in a single illuminating moment. An authentic and listening attitude together with an active restriction of one’s own suppositions increase the possibility of providing existential care. Compassion and professional judgement function as the caregiving compass and ‘lexica’ for existential care.Implications for practice:An understanding of existential caregiving moments implies a developed insight into and sensitivity for the patient’s signs and needsExistential caring moments have countless variations, while bodily and intimate situations are sometimes found to be an opening to spontaneous, trustful interactions. Such moments could be learning moments if reflected and sharedFor training in the ability to ‘read the patient’, clinical reflections in groups where existential literacy is collectively sought are an optionClinical application research can allow caring scientific theory and healthcare research to be implemented in practice immediately, which may enhance quality of care and ultimately benefit the patient
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| 3. |
- Ehn, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Activity Monitors as Support for Older Persons’ Physical Activity in Daily Life : Qualitative Study of the Users’ Experiences
- 2018
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Ingår i: JMIR mhealth and uhealth. - Sweden : JMIR Publications Inc.. - 2291-5222. ; 6:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundFalls are a major threat to the health and independence of seniors. Regular physical activity (PA) can prevent 40% of all fall injuries. The challenge is to motivate and support seniors to be physically active. Persuasive systems can constitute valuable support for persons aiming at establishing and maintaining healthy habits. However, these systems need to support effective behavior change techniques (BCTs) for increasing older adults’ PA and meet the senior users’ requirements and preferences. Therefore, involving users as codesigners of new systems can be fruitful. Prestudies of the user’s experience with similar solutions can facilitate future user-centered design of novel persuasive systems.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate how seniors experience using activity monitors (AMs) as support for PA in daily life. The addressed research questions are as follows: (1) What are the overall experiences of senior persons, of different age and balance function, in using wearable AMs in daily life?; (2) Which aspects did the users perceive relevant to make the measurements as meaningful and useful in the long-term perspective?; and (3) What needs and requirements did the users perceive as more relevant for the activity monitors to be useful in a long-term perspective?MethodsThis qualitative interview study included 8 community-dwelling older adults (median age: 83 years). The participants’ experiences in using two commercial AMs together with tablet-based apps for 9 days were investigated. Activity diaries during the usage and interviews after the usage were exploited to gather user experience. Comments in diaries were summarized, and interviews were analyzed by inductive content analysis.ResultsThe users (n=8) perceived that, by using the AMs, their awareness of own PA had increased. However, the AMs’ impact on the users’ motivation for PA and activity behavior varied between participants. The diaries showed that self-estimated physical effort varied between participants and varied for each individual over time. Additionally, participants reported different types of accomplished activities; talking walks was most frequently reported. To be meaningful, measurements need to provide the user with a reliable receipt of whether his or her current activity behavior is sufficient for reaching an activity goal. Moreover, praise when reaching a goal was described as motivating feedback. To be useful, the devices must be easy to handle. In this study, the users perceived wearables as easy to handle, whereas tablets were perceived difficult to maneuver. Users reported in the diaries that the devices had been functional 78% (58/74) of the total test days.ConclusionsActivity monitors can be valuable for supporting seniors’ PA. However, the potential of the solutions for a broader group of seniors can significantly be increased. Areas of improvement include reliability, usability, and content supporting effective BCTs with respect to increasing older adults’ PA.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Ehn, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Technology-Based Motivation Support for Seniors' Physical Activity-A Qualitative Study on Seniors' and Health Care Professionals' Views
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : NLM (Medline). - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 16:13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates seniors' and health care professionals' (HCPs) perceptions on needed contributions and qualities of digital technology-based motivation support for seniors' physical activity (PA). Seniors and HCPs expressed their views in focus groups, which were analyzed separately by inductive content analysis. Similarities and differences in seniors' and HCPs' views were identified through thematic analysis of qualitative results from both focus groups. This article's main findings are that both seniors and HCPs believed digital technology should support and make PA more enjoyable in ways to strengthen seniors' control and well-being. However, seniors emphasized support for social interaction, while HCPs also requested support for increasing seniors' insight into PA and for facilitating their dialogue with seniors. Conclusions to be drawn are that seniors and HPCs shared overall views on digital technology's main contributions but had different perspectives on how those contributions could be obtained. This highlights the importance of the early identification of user groups and exploration of their different needs when developing new solutions. Moreover, seniors' and HCPs' perceptions included aspects relevant for personal motivation, technology acceptance, and PA behavioral change according to self-determination theory, unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, and behavioral change techniques for increasing PA.
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| 6. |
- Hellström, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Fall-related self-efficacy in instrumental activities of daily living is associated with falls in older community-living people
- 2013
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Ingår i: Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0270-3181 .- 1541-3152. ; 31:2, s. 128-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The aim of this study was to identify fall risk factors in community-living people 75 years or older. Methods: From a random selection of 525 older adults, a total of 378 (72%) individuals participated in the study. Mean age was 81.7 years (range 75-101 years). A study-specific questionnaire including self-reported fall history for the past 6 months, the Falls-Efficacy Scale (Swedish version: FES(S)) and EuroQol 5 Dimensions (EQ5D) was used. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to find risk factors for falls. Results: The strongest significant predictor of falls was scoring low on FES(S) in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), with an odds ratio of 7.89 (95% confidence interval 2.93-21.25). One fifth had experienced one or more falls during the past 6 months. Both fall-related self-efficacy and health-related quality of life were significantly lower among fallers. Conclusion: Our results imply that identifying community-living older adults with an increased risk of falling should include a measure of fall-related self-efficacy in IADL.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Ivarsson, Ann-Britt, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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An integrative review combined with a semantic review to explore the meaning of Swedish terms compatible with occupation, activity, doing and task
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 15:1, s. 52-63
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of this study were to explore the intended meaning of the terms “occupation”, “activity”, “doing”, and “task” used in international occupational therapy literature and from this perspective explore which Swedish terms best capture these meanings. A literature review of occupational therapy-related journals was performed to gain a basic understanding of the term occupation and related terms. In addition, a semantic review was used: English and Swedish dictionaries were reviewed to explore the semantic meaning of the English terms “occupation”, “activity”, “doing”, and “task”, and the Swedish terms “aktivitet”, “syssla/sysselsättning”, “görande”, and “uppgift”. A comparison was also performed by searching for parallels between the results of the literature review, the semantic definitions of the English and Swedish terms and the comprehensive meaning of the Swedish terms aktivitet and syssla/sysselsättning. An overarching idea of the concept of occupation was found in the literature review and for the purposes of this study we have identified this as Occupation for survival. From this overarching idea, three themes were identified: The feature of occupation, Impact of occupation and Occupation an occupational therapy concept. Each theme could be subdivided into sub-themes. The Swedish term aktivitet was found to have more power, strength, and spirit connected to the synonyms found in the semantic analysis than to those connected with the Swedish term syssla/sysselsättning. According to the findings in this study we found that the term “aktivitet” is the best comparable term in Swedish to the English term “occupation”.
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| 9. |
- Ivarsson, Ann-Britt, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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Occupation as described by occupational therapy students in Sweden : A follow-up study
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 16:1, s. 57-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study is the second in a series of studies carried out in Sweden concerning the dimensions of the concept occupation. The specific aim of this study was to explore new and confirm previously found dimensions of the concept of occupation in the context of occupational therapy. Occupational therapy students, a few weeks from their completion of studies, were asked to write down spontaneously what they personally considered to be occupation. Forty-two women and three men, aged between 25 and 33 years, participated. Grounded theory with the constant comparative method was used to analyse the data. A coding scheme of 40 codes was used to compare new data with previously found data concerning the concept of occupation as described by occupational therapy students. Six new codes concerning occupation expanded the dimensions of the concept. Five of those were found within the doing and context dimensions. These codes defined occupation as something that depends on who is performing the occupation and where the occupation is performed. Thus, occupation is not a permanent state but also very much depends on subjective experience. Additional studies with experienced occupational therapists have been planned to further expand these findings and aim to give a stronger foundation to the concept of occupation built on empirical grounds.
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| 10. |
- Järkestig-Berggren, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Young carers in Sweden
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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