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- Acharya, B. S., et al.
(författare)
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Introducing the CTA concept
- 2013
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Ingår i: Astroparticle physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-6505 .- 1873-2852. ; 43, s. 3-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a new observatory for very high-energy (VHE) gamma rays. CTA has ambitions science goals, for which it is necessary to achieve full-sky coverage, to improve the sensitivity by about an order of magnitude, to span about four decades of energy, from a few tens of GeV to above 100 TeV with enhanced angular and energy resolutions over existing VHE gamma-ray observatories. An international collaboration has formed with more than 1000 members from 27 countries in Europe, Asia, Africa and North and South America. In 2010 the CTA Consortium completed a Design Study and started a three-year Preparatory Phase which leads to production readiness of CTA in 2014. In this paper we introduce the science goals and the concept of CTA, and provide an overview of the project. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Aprile, E., et al.
(författare)
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Effective Field Theory and Inelastic Dark Matter Results from XENON1T
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this work we expand on the XENON1T nuclear recoil searches and study the individual signals of Dark Matter interactions from operators up to dimension-eight in a Chiral Effective Field Theory (ChEFT) as well as a model of inelastic Dark Matter using data from the two science runs of the detector totalling 1 tonne*year exposure. For these analyses we extended the region of interest from [4.9, 40.9]keVnr to [4.9, 54.4]keVnr to enhance our sensitivity for signals that peak at nonzero energies. We show that the data is consistent with a background only hypothesis, with small excesses in the models which peak between 20 and 50keVnr, obtaining a maximum local discovery significance of 1.7 for the VVs ChEFT model for a WIMP mass of 70GeV/c2, and 1.8 for an iDM particle of 50GeV/c2 with a mass splitting of 100keV/c2. For each model we report 90% confidence level upper limits. We also report limits on three benchmark models of WIMP interaction using ChEFT for which we investigate the effect of isospin breaking interactions, reporting up to 6 orders of magnitude weaker limits with respect to the isospin conserving case driven by cancellations in the expected rate.
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| 3. |
- Deyanova, Diana, et al.
(författare)
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Plant- and habitat productivity in a temperate seagrass system
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Seagrass meadows are highly productive coastal habitats. Yet, little is known about the contribution of seagrass plants to the total seagrass habitat. To clarify the particular role of the seagrass plants for carbon capture in temperate environments, a one-year study was performed in seagrass meadows on the Swedish west coast. We aimed to assess the link between the net primary productivity of seagrass plants per se, the net production of the seagrass community and the net production of the entire system. To be able to predict effects of environmental changes on seagrass productivity, results were related to changes in water temperature, oxygen levels, light conditions and ice cover. Results showed large variations in net plant productivity across seasons, generally following light- and temperature variability, and ranging from very high (20.03 g C m-2 24h-1 ) in the summer to negative rates (-1.60 g C m-2 24h-1 ) in the least productive winter month. The patterns of variability in seagrass productivity were also influenced by depth- and site-specific dynamics in biomass. The high respiration of the benthic community did largely outbalance the productivity of the seagrass plants, probably as an effect of fast turnover rates. This resulted in an overall yearly low positive carbon balance of the entire seagrass system. Overall, the findings show that seagrass plants contribute substantially to the carbon capture in temperate seagrass habitats, but also that the rate of community respiration appears to be highly dependent on the degree of how much detritus material that is retained within the system. Thus, even though these seagrass systems are highly productive and may contain a large carbon stock, seagrass productivity per se seems not to be the most important determining factor for their carbon sink function.
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| 5. |
- Deyanova, Diana, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of ageing on the photosynthetic capacity of the seagrass Zostera marina Linnaeus
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The effect of tissue age and light stress on seagrass productivity was examined on three scale levels by comparisons among: (i) different parts of a leaf (i.e. the base middle and top), (ii) leaves of different ages, and (iii) shoots of different development stages on the same genet, in the temperate species Zostera marina L. Rapid light curves were performed to estimate chlorophyll fluorescence and to determine the maximal photosynthetic rate (ETRmax), the photosynthetic efficiency (the alpha slope) and the maximal quantum yield (both as Fv/Fm and as the more sensible Fv/F0). The plants were also exposed to inhibiting light stress with measurements performed during the following recovery and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). The results suggest that seagrass tissue age has an effect on the photosynthetic performance of the plant and that the level of strength varies among different parts of a single shoot and also among shoots of different development stages along the same genet. Younger and senescing tissues generally had lower photosynthetic capacity than mature tissues. It appeared that very young tissues tolerate light stress better than mature and senescing tissues, as the NPQ values of the very young tissue were higher, and they also showed a lower recovery to initial Fv/F0 values. A clear difference was also found in photosynthetic performance and recovery capacity of the youngest shoot compared to the rest of the shoots belonging to the same genet. The leaves of young shoots appeared to better tolerate light stress than leaves of old shoots. These findings provide new insight on seagrass ageing and expand the understanding of ageing effects on photosynthesis on a population level.
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| 8. |
- Groissböck, M., et al.
(författare)
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Optimizing Distributed Energy Resources, Passive Measures, and the daily Operation at Campus Pinkafeld
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Building managers and operators as at Campus Pinkafeld are interested in a cost optimal fulfilment of their energy needs. From a strategic point of view they are interested in optimal investments and upgrades. From an operative point of view they are interested in an optimal use of all available resources. This paper shows how the decision support system (DSS) of the project Energy Efficiency and Risk Management in Public Buildings (EnRiMa) will help with this challenges and the integration of the DSS with the existing energy management system (EMS) is one of the key issues for a successful project. The strategic DSS will inform the building owner about possible new technologies that might reduce the total building energy costs or environmental impact. The benefit of an operational DSS is to enable the building operator to use already adopted energy efficiency improving technologies as pre-cooling, pre-heating or any other demand response related tasks to decrease costs and emissions caused by the heating and cooling system of the building. Assuming an upper and lower limit for the room temperature, we model the effect of active equipment control (via changes to either the set point or the valve flow) on the zone temperature taking into account the external temperature, solar gains, the building shell, and internal loads. The energy required to change the zone temperature in each time period is then used to calculate the energy cost or efficiency in the objective function of an optimization problem. This paper reports on example results for Campus Pinkafeld, shows the technical approach, and that such a flexible approach can save 10% costs only on an operational level.
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