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Sökning: WFRF:(Martinez Felipe) > Samhällsvetenskap

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1.
  • Sorokowska, Agnieszka, et al. (författare)
  • Global study of social odor awareness
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Chemical Senses. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0379-864X .- 1464-3553. ; 43:7, s. 503-513
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Olfaction plays an important role in human social communication, including multiple domains in which people often rely on their sense of smell in the social context. The importance of the sense of smell and its role can however vary inter-individually and culturally. Despite the growing body of literature on differences in olfactory performance or hedonic preferences across the globe, the aspects of a given culture as well as culturally universal individual differences affecting odor awareness in human social life remain unknown. Here, we conducted a large-scale analysis of data collected from 10,794 participants from 52 study sites from 44 countries all over the world. The aim of our research was to explore the potential individual and country-level correlates of odor awareness in the social context. The results show that the individual characteristics were more strongly related than country-level factors to self-reported odor awareness in different social contexts. A model including individual-level predictors (gender, age, material situation, education and preferred social distance) provided a relatively good fit to the data, but adding country-level predictors (Human Development Index, population density and average temperature) did not improve model parameters. Although there were some cross-cultural differences in social odor awareness, the main differentiating role was played by the individual differences. This suggests that people living in different cultures and different climate conditions may still share some similar patterns of odor awareness if they share other individual-level characteristics.
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2.
  • Vidal-Lamolla, Pol, et al. (författare)
  • Assessing urban water demand-side management policies before their implementation : An agent-based model approach
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Sustainable Cities and Society. - 2210-6707. ; 107
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In the context of climate change and increasing water scarcity, adopting water demand-side management (DSM) policies has become necessary. This study advocates for utilizing agent-based modelling (ABM) as a robust simulation tool to assess the impact of nonprice (nudges) and price (changes in increasing block tariff) measures on urban water use. Overcoming challenges posed by insufficient high-quality data, the research integrates four sociocognitive profiles and diverse household income levels to reflect the variability in DSM policy effectiveness based on socioeconomic characteristics. Through 125 simulated scenarios combining various increasing block tariffs with nonpricing measures, the study reveals an average monthly demand reduction ranging from 8.1% to 15.6%. Significantly, nonprice measures prove more effective in curbing water use than pricing measures, attributed to the prioritization of environmental concerns in conservation efforts. Higher-income households exhibit less-pronounced reductions in water consumption. Emphasizing the reliability of ABM for ex ante evaluations of DSM policies, this research underscores the importance of a balanced approach, incorporating both nonprice and price-based measures, to effectively address water scarcity challenges.
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