| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Aiuppa, A., et al.
(författare)
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Gas measurements from the Costa Rica-Nicaragua volcanic segment suggest possible along-arc variations in volcanic gas chemistry
- 2014
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Ingår i: Earth and Planetary Science Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 1385-013X .- 0012-821X. ; 407, s. 134-147
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obtaining accurate estimates of the CO2 output from arc volcanism requires a precise understanding of the potential along-arc variations in volcanic gas chemistry, and ultimately of the magmatic gas signature of each individual arc segment. In an attempt to more fully constrain the magmatic gas signature of the Central America Volcanic Arc (CAVA), we present here the results of a volcanic gas survey performed during March and April 2013 at five degassing volcanoes within the Costa Rica-Nicaragua volcanic segment (CNVS). Observations of the volcanic gas plume made with a multicomponent gas analyzer system (Multi-GAS) have allowed characterization of the CO2/SO2-ratio signature of the plumes at Pads (0.30 +/- 0.06, mean +/- SD), Rincon de la Vieja (27.0 +/- 15.3), and Turrialba (2.2 +/- 0.8) in Costa Rica, and at Telica (3.0 +/- 0.9) and San Cristobal (4.2 +/- 1.3) in Nicaragua (all ratios on molar basis). By scaling these plume compositions to simultaneously measured SO2 fluxes, we estimate that the CO2 outputs at CNVS volcanoes range from low (25.5 +/- 11.0 tons/day at Pods) to moderate (918 to 1270 tons/day at Turrialba). These results add a new information to the still fragmentary volcanic CO2 output data set, and allow estimating the total CO2 output from the CNVS at 2835 1364 tons/day. Our novel results, with previously available information about gas emissions in Central America, are suggestive of distinct volcanic gas CO2/S-T (= SO2 + H2S)-ratio signature for magmatic volatiles in Nicaragua (similar to 3) relative to Costa Rica (similar to 0.5-1.0). We also provide additional evidence for the earlier theory relating the CO2-richer signature of Nicaragua volcanism to increased contributions from slab-derived fluids, relative to more-MORB-like volcanism in Costa Rica. The sizeable along-arc variations in magmatic gas chemistry that the present study has suggested indicate that additional gas observations are urgently needed to more-precisely confine the volcanic CO2 from the CAVA, and from global arc volcanism.
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| 3. |
- Antusch, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Probing non-unitary mixing and CP-violation at a Neutrino Factory
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 80:3, s. 033002-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A low-energy nonunitary leptonic mixing matrix is a generic feature of many extensions of the standard model. In such a case, the task of future precision neutrino oscillation experiments is more ambitious than measuring the three mixing angles and the leptonic (Dirac) CP phase, i.e., the accessible parameters of a unitary leptonic mixing matrix. A nonunitary mixing matrix has 13 parameters that affect neutrino oscillations, out of which four are CP violating. In the scheme of minimal unitarity violation we analyze the potential of a neutrino factory for determining or constraining the parameters of the nonunitary leptonic mixing matrix, thereby testing the origin of CP violation in the lepton sector.
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| 4. |
- Blennow, Mattias, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Bounds on lepton non-unitarity and heavy neutrino mixing
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP). - : Springer Nature. - 1126-6708 .- 1029-8479. ; 2023:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an updated and improved global fit analysis of current flavour and electroweak precision observables to derive bounds on unitarity deviations of the leptonic mixing matrix and on the mixing of heavy neutrinos with the active flavours. This new analysis is motivated by new and updated experimental results on key observables such as V-ud, the invisible decay width of the Z boson and the W boson mass. It also improves upon previous studies by considering the full correlations among the different observables and explicitly calibrating the test statistic, which may present significant deviations from a & chi;(2) distribution. The results are provided for three different Type-I seesaw scenarios: the minimal scenario with only two additional right-handed neutrinos, the next to minimal one with three extra neutrinos, and the most general one with an arbitrary number of heavy neutrinos that we parametrise via a generic deviation from a unitary leptonic mixing matrix. Additionally, we also analyze the case of generic deviations from unitarity of the leptonic mixing matrix, not necessarily induced by the presence of additional neutrinos. This last case relaxes some correlations among the parameters and is able to provide a better fit to the data. Nevertheless, inducing only leptonic unitarity deviations avoiding both the correlations implied by the right-handed neutrino extension as well as more strongly constrained operators is challenging and would imply significantly more complex UV completions.
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| 5. |
- Blennow, Mattias, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Neutrinoless double beta decay in seesaw models
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP). - 1126-6708 .- 1029-8479. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study the general phenomenology of neutrinoless double beta decay in seesaw models. In particular, we focus on the dependence of the neutrinoless double beta decay rate on the mass of the extra states introduced to account for the Majorana masses of light neutrinos. For this purpose, we compute the nuclear matrix elements as functions of the mass of the mediating fermions and estimate the associated uncertainties. We then discuss what can be inferred on the seesaw model parameters in the different mass regimes and clarify how the contribution of the light neutrinos should always be taken into account when deriving bounds on the extra parameters. Conversely, the extra states can also have a significant impact, canceling the Standard Model neutrino contribution for masses lighter than the nuclear scale and leading to unobservable neutrinoless double beta decay amplitudes even if neutrinos are Majorana particles. In particular, the decay rate is reduced by at least six orders of magnitude for masses of the extra states below 1MeV in absence of extra contributions. We also discuss how seesaw models could reconcile large rates of neutrinoless double beta decay with more stringent cosmological bounds on neutrino masses.
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| 6. |
- Blennow, Mattias, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Non-unitarity, sterile neutrinos, and non-standard neutrino interactions
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP). - : Springer. - 1126-6708 .- 1029-8479. ; :4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The simplest Standard Model extension to explain neutrino masses involves the addition of right-handed neutrinos. At some level, this extension will impact neutrino oscillation searches. In this work we explore the differences and similarities between the case in which these neutrinos are kinematically accessible (sterile neutrinos) or not (mixing matrix non-unitarity). We clarify apparent inconsistencies in the present literature when using different parametrizations to describe these effects and recast both limits in the popular neutrino non-standard interaction (NSI) formalism. We find that, in the limit in which sterile oscillations are averaged out at the near detector, their effects at the far detector coincide with non-unitarity at leading order, even in presence of a matter potential. We also summarize the present bounds existing in both limits and compare them with the expected sensitivities of near-future facilities taking the DUNE proposal as a benchmark. We conclude that non-unitarity effects are too constrained to impact present or near future neutrino oscillation facilities but that sterile neutrinos can play an important role at long baseline experiments. The role of the near detector is also discussed in detail.
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| 7. |
- Blennow, Mattias, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Updated global bounds on non-unitarity and heavy neutrinos
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Physical Society Conference on High Energy Physics, EPS-HEP 2023. - : Sissa Medialab Srl.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an updated and improved global fit analysis of current flavor and electroweak precision observables to derive bounds on unitarity deviations of the leptonic mixing matrix and on the mixing of heavy neutrinos with the active flavours, which is motivated by the latest experimental updates on key observables such as Vud, the Z invisible width and the W mass.
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| 8. |
- Jacobo-Martin, Alejandra, et al.
(författare)
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Resilient moth-eye nanoimprinted antireflective and self-cleaning TiO2 sputter-coated PMMA films
- 2022
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Ingår i: Applied Surface Science. - : Elsevier. - 0169-4332 .- 1873-5584. ; 585
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Moth-eye nanostructures are amongst the most remarkable surfaces in nature because of their multi-functionality including antireflection, self-cleaning and bactericidal ability. Moth-eye surfaces consist of subwavelength arrays of tapered nanostructures, which are challenging to reproduce artificially. Nanoimprint lithography is probably one of the most suited technologies for this purpose. However, the poor mechanical resilience and durability of the polymeric nanocones when exposed to the environment, hinders their use in actual applications. To overcome these limitations, this work demonstrates the use of a thin oxide coating over the polymer moth-eye features imprinted on poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) films. Particularly TiO2 conformal thin film coatings are deposited by unipolar pulsed dc magnetron sputtering over the antireflective nanopatterns acting as encapsulant. The coating, while preserving the antireflective properties, protects the nanostructures against mechanical scratching and improves substantially their thermal stability to over 250 ?. Furthermore, the TiO2 layer provides additional photoinduced self-cleaning functionality and at the same time it protects the matrix from UV photodegradation. The robust and durable antireflective surfaces developed here may find application on solar cells covers, flat panel displays or on optical components.
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| 9. |
- Tabiri, S, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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