| 1. |
- Garg, Gaurav, et al.
(författare)
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Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and GIP receptor (GIPR) genes : An association analysis of polymorphisms and bone in young and elderly women
- 2016
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Ingår i: Bone Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-1872. ; 4, s. 23-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The gastro-intestinal hormone glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) potentiates glucose-induced insulin secretion, with bone anabolic effects through GIP receptor (GIPR) in animal models. We explore its potential in humans by analyzing association between polymorphisms (SNPs) in the GIP and GIPR genes with bone phenotypes in young and elderly women. Methods: Association between GIP (rs2291725) and GIPR (rs10423928) and BMD, bone mineral content (BMC), bone microarchitecture, fracture and body composition was analyzed in the OPRA (75y, n. =. 1044) and PEAK-25 (25y; n. =. 1061) cohorts and serum-GIP in OPRA. Results: The GIP receptor AA-genotype was associated with lower ultrasound values in young women (BUA p=0.011; SI p=0.030), with no association to bone phenotypes in the elderly. In the elderly, the GIP was associated with lower ultrasound (GG vs. AA; SOS padj=0.021) and lower femoral neck BMD and BMC after adjusting for fat mass (padj=0.016 and padj=0.03). In young women, neither GIPR nor GIP associated with other bone phenotypes including spine trabecular bone score. In the elderly, neither SNP associated with fracture. GIP was associated with body composition only in Peak-25; GIPR was not associated with body composition in either cohort. Serum-GIP levels (in elderly) were not associated with bone phenotypes, however lower levels were associated with the GIPR A-allele (β=-6.93; padj=0.03). Conclusions: This first exploratory association study between polymorphisms in GIP and GIPR in relation to bone phenotypes and serum-GIP in women at different ages indicates a possible, albeit complex link between glucose metabolism genes and bone, while recognizing that further studies are warranted.
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| 2. |
- Garg, Gaurav, et al.
(författare)
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Variation in the MC4R Gene Is Associated with Bone Phenotypes in Elderly Swedish Women.
- 2014
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Osteoporosis is characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fracture risk. Fat mass is a determinant of bone strength and both phenotypes have a strong genetic component. In this study, we examined the association between obesity associated polymorphisms (SNPs) with body composition, BMD, Ultrasound (QUS), fracture and biomarkers (Homocysteine (Hcy), folate, Vitamin D and Vitamin B12) for obesity and osteoporosis. Five common variants: rs17782313 and rs1770633 (melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R); rs7566605 (insulin induced gene 2 (INSIG2); rs9939609 and rs1121980 (fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) were genotyped in 2 cohorts of Swedish women: PEAK-25 (age 25, n = 1061) and OPRA (age 75, n = 1044). Body mass index (BMI), total body fat and lean mass were strongly positively correlated with QUS and BMD in both cohorts (r(2) = 0.2-0.6). MC4R rs17782313 was associated with QUS in the OPRA cohort and individuals with the minor C-allele had higher values compared to T-allele homozygotes (TT vs. CT vs.
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| 3. |
- Kumar, Jitender, et al.
(författare)
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LRP4 association to bone properties and fracture and interaction with genes in the Wnt- and BMP signaling pathways.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Bone. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-2763 .- 8756-3282. ; 49, s. 343-348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Osteoporosis is a common complex disorder in postmenopausal women leading to changes in the micro-architecture of bone and increased risk of fracture. Members of the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) gene family regulates the development and physiology of bone through the Wnt/β-catenin (Wnt) pathway that in turn cross-talks with the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway. In two cohorts of Swedish women: OPRA (n=1002; age 75years) and PEAK-25 (n=1005; age 25years), eleven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from Wnt pathway genes (LRP4; LRP5; G protein-coupled receptor 177, GPR177) were analyzed for association with Bone Mineral Density (BMD), rate of bone loss, hip geometry, quantitative ultrasound and fracture. Additionally, interaction of LRP4 with LRP5, GPR177 and BMP2 were analyzed. LRP4 (rs6485702) was associated with higher total body (TB) and lumbar spine (LS) BMD in the PEAK-25 cohort (p=0.006 and 0.005 respectively), and interaction was observed with LRP5 (p=0.007) and BMP2 (p=0.004) for TB BMD. LRP4 also showed significant interaction with LRP5 for femoral neck (FN) and LS BMD in this cohort. In the OPRA cohort, LRP4 polymorphisms were associated with significantly lower fracture incidence overall (p=0.008-0.001) and fewer hip fractures (rs3816614, p=0.006). Significant interaction in the OPRA cohort was observed for LRP4 with BMP2 and GPR177 for FN BMD as well as for rate of bone loss at TB and FN (p=0.007-0.0001). In conclusion, LRP4 and interaction between LRP4 and genes in the Wnt and BMP signaling pathways modulate bone phenotypes including peak bone mass and fracture, the clinical endpoint of osteoporosis.
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| 4. |
- McGuigan, Fiona, et al.
(författare)
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Osteocalcin gene polymorphisms influence concentration of serum osteocalcin and enhance fracture identification.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. - : Wiley. - 1523-4681 .- 0884-0431. ; Apr 7, s. 1392-1399
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Osteoporosis is a major health problem affecting more than 75 million people throughout Europe, USA and Japan. Epidemiological studies have determined that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. We have investigated the association between polymorphisms at the osteocalcin locus and variables linked to bone health. Osteocalcin provides a link between bone and energy metabolism, hence its potential importance as an osteoporosis candidate gene. In this study, we included a total of 996 women (all aged 75 years) from the OPRA cohort. We sequenced the osteocalcin gene along with flanking region to search for novel coding polymorphisms. We also analyzed four polymorphisms selected from within and flanking regions of the osteocalcin gene to study their association with serum total osteocalcin levels (S-TotalOC), total body (TB) bone mineral density (BMD), fracture, TB fat mass and BMI. The promoter polymorphism rs1800247 was significantly associated with S-TotalOC (p = 0.012) after controlling for BMI and TB BMD. The polymorphism rs1543297 was significantly associated with prospectively occurring fractures (p = 0.008). In a model taking into account rs1543297 and rs1800247 along with TB BMD, BMI, smoking and S-TotalOC, the polymorphisms together were able to identify an additional 6% of women who sustained a fracture (p = 0.02). We found no association between the polymorphisms and TB BMD, BMI or TB fat mass. In conclusion, polymorphisms in and around the osteocalcin locus are significantly associated with S-TotalOC and fracture. Genotyping at the osteocalcin locus could add valuable information in the identification of women at risk of osteoporosis. (c) 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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| 5. |
- Prakash, Jai, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of RAMP3 gene polymorphism with body composition and bone density in young and elderly women
- 2019
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Ingår i: Gene: X. - : Elsevier BV. - 2590-1583. ; 2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aim: The Receptor Activity Modifying Proteins (RAMPs) are a group of accessory proteins, of which there are three in humans, that interact with a number of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) and play various roles in regulation of endocrine signaling. Studies in RAMP3 knockout (KO) mice reveal an age related phenotype with altered metabolic regulation and high bone mass. To translate these findings into a clinically relevant perspective, we investigated the association between RAMP3 gene variants, body composition and bone phenotypes in two population-based cohorts of Swedish women. Methods: Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the vicinity of the RAMP3 gene were genotyped in the PEAK-25 cohort (n = 1061; 25 years) and OPRA (n = 1044; 75 years). Bone mineral density (BMD), fat mass and lean mass (total body; regional) were measured by DXA at baseline, 5 and 10 year follow-up. Results: BMD did not differ with RAMP3 genotype in either cohort, although fracture risk was increased in the elderly women (OR 2.695 [95% CI 1.514–4.801]). Fat mass tended to be higher with RAMP3 SNPs; although only in elderly women. In the young women, changes in BMI and fat mass between ages 25–35 differed by genotype (p = 0.001; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Variation in RAMP3 may contribute to age-related changes in body composition and risk of fracture.
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