| 1. |
- Broström, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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The knowledge economy, innovation and new challenges to universities: introduction to the special issue
- 2021
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Ingår i: Innovation: Organization and Management. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1447-9338 .- 2204-0226. ; 23:2, s. 145-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Universities face new challenges in the knowledge economy, due to two underlying transformations. One is that universities have increasingly developed from bodies of professorial self-governance bodies towards a status as ‘complete’ organisational actors, able to develop and deploy organisation-level strategies. A second is that by becoming key players in the knowledge economy and responding to stakeholder expectations, universities also have taken on new missions in addition to teaching and research. We propose that a series of new challenges arise from interrelations between universities’ internal organisational dynamics and changes in their external relationships. Moreover, we outline the contributions to this special issue, each of which address a specific question through their respective conceptual discussion and/or in-depth examination of these challenges. We conclude with recommendations for future research on the roles of universities in the knowledge economy and for innovation. Specifically, we propose that future research should simultaneously tackle vital issues about governance of universities and their activities, while also further developing extant empirical work on the microfoundations of academic knowledge production and career dynamics.
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| 2. |
- Brunnström, Linus, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the Role(s) of Researcher-Based Projects in Swedish University Incubators
- 2020
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Ingår i: Academy of Management Annual Meeting Proceedings. - 2151-6561. ; 2020:1, s. 754-758
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- University incubators are an important part of how universities interact with society (Perkmann et al., 2013; Perkmann et al., 2019). In recent years, they have expanded their role. Beyond supporting academic entrepreneurship, they host and work with a variety of projects initiated by university employees other than researchers (Lindholm-Dahlstrand & Politis, 2013), students (Culkin, 2013), and even individuals without prior ties to the university. The effects of this diversity in terms of founder types have not yet been investigated in an incubator setting. In this paper, we investigate how founder, project and incubator characteristics relate to the likelihood of different types of projects to become knowledge-intensive entrepreneurial firms that have the potential to bring transforming innovations into the market (Malerba & McKelvey, 2018). Specifically, using a Swedish national dataset covering 37 incubators and a total of 3,383 projects over a ten-year period and applying competing risk models, we analyze the probability of different types of projects to either complete incubation or fail, i.e. exit from the incubator without having “graduated” into a viable firm. Little research exists on the composition of founder backgrounds in university incubators. Prior studies have compared matched samples of incubated and non-incubated firms (Lasrado et al., 2015), or assessed the performance of university incubators relative to that of private ones (Ratinho et al., 2010; Rosenwein, 2000). The roles of university ties (Lasrado et al., 2015; Rothaermel & Thursby, 2005) and networking within single incubators (McAdam & Marlow, 2008) have also been explored. Our paper adds to the literature by providing further insight into how university incubators function, and by analyzing the development of projects with diverse founder backgrounds across a large number of university incubators. We are particularly interested in differences between researchers versus other types of project founders and their projects’ respective likelihood of successfully completing incubation. We further analyze the role of incubator characteristics such as the breadth of admitted projects and incubator experience. We find that projects initiated by researchers have a lower hazard to complete incubation than other founders, but that they seem to create spillover effects on all other projects. Focusing on smaller numbers of project types in terms of founder backgrounds appears to be beneficial
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| 3. |
- Brunnström, Linus, 1984, et al.
(författare)
-
Exploring the roles of researcher-based projects in Swedish university incubators
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Academy of Management. Annual Meeting Proceedings. - 2151-6561.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, university incubators have gone beyond directly supporting academic entrepreneurship by scientists to also support a variety of different activities related to academic engagement. One thing they do is to support a wide variety of projects, initiated by different types of potential founders. In this paper, we investigate which project and incubator characteristics explain the likelihood of different types of founders to turn their projects into knowledge-intensive entrepreneurial (KIE) firms. We address two gaps in the literature: how university incubators function and how the diverse backgrounds of different types of founders (researchers, students, other university employees, independent inventors and corporate spinoffs) may affect their likelihood of completing incubation and becoming a KIE firm. In line with previous research, we find that incubation projects initiated by researchers have a lower probability to complete incubation than the other types. More surprisingly, having research-initiated projects in an incubator seems to create spillover effects on all other projects, increasing their likelihood of survival. Moreover, the probability of projects successfully completing incubation increases if the university incubator has less breadth, as measured in admitting fewer types of project-founders, and if the incubator has more experience, as measured in age.
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| 4. |
- Gifford, Ethan, et al.
(författare)
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The role of founder knowledge in the survival and growth of knowledge intensive new ventures
- 2018
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Ingår i: 17th International Joseph A. Schumpeter Society Conference: "Innovation, Catch-up, and Sustainable Development.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper examines the impacts of three types of founder and founder team knowledge on the survival and growth of knowledge-intensive new ventures: entrepreneurial, same-industry, and academic work knowledge. We utilize unique survey data of young, small European firms across sectors, which have been matched with data on subsequent firm performance. In terms of likelihood of survival, our results indicate the importance of previous entrepreneurial work knowledge and same-industry work knowledge. In terms of growth, our results using quantile regression indicate that both entrepreneurial work knowledge and academic work knowledge from previous work experience are positively associated with high growth rates, whereas results for same-industry work knowledge are mixed.
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| 5. |
- Gifford, Ethan, et al.
(författare)
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Variety in founder experience and the performance of knowledge-intensive innovative firms
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of evolutionary economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0936-9937 .- 1432-1386. ; 31:2, s. 677 - 713
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article contributes with an analysis of the specific linkages between knowledge, innovation and entrepreneurship for industrial dynamics, within the emerging literature upon knowledge-intensive innovative entrepreneurial (KIE) firms. We find a distinct variety in the usefulness of different types of founder experience (single or teams) in the performance of entrepreneurial firms. This variety affects selection in the economy, as measured by the performance of firms in a two-stage process – namely first by analyzing survival over time and then of high growth rates. We do so in order to consider averages/probabilities in the population using Cox regression as well as of the outliers, using quantile regression. We find that on one hand, founders having previously started firms or worked in the same industry are more likely to survive. On the other hand, very high-growth firms have founders who previously started firms or worked in universities. Combining different types of founder experience in KIE firms has a consistently positive relationship with performance both in terms of survival and of growth. Our interpretation is that the variety of founder experience affect selection processes and opportunity recognition in KIE firms and thereby fundamentally affect whether, and to what extent, entrepreneurial actions lead to industrial transformation.
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