| 1. |
- Abé, C, et al.
(författare)
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Bipolar disorder type I and II show distinct relationships between cortical thickness and executive function.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1600-0447 .- 0001-690X. ; 138:4, s. 325-335
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Frontal cortical abnormalities and executive function impairment co-occur in bipolar disorder. Recent studies have shown that bipolar subtypes differ in the degree of structural and functional impairments. The relationships between cognitive performance and cortical integrity have not been clarified and might differ across patients with bipolar disorder type I, II, and healthy subjects.Using a vertex-wise whole-brain analysis, we investigated how cortical integrity, as measured by cortical thickness, correlates with executive performance in patients with bipolar disorder type I, II, and controls (N = 160).We found focal associations between executive function and cortical thickness in the medial prefrontal cortex in bipolar II patients and controls, but not in bipolar I disorder. In bipolar II patients, we observed additional correlations in lateral prefrontal and occipital regions.Our findings suggest that bipolar disorder patients show altered structure-function relationships, and importantly that those relationships may differ between bipolar subtypes. The findings are line with studies suggesting subtype-specific neurobiological and cognitive profiles. This study contributes to a better understanding of brain structure-function relationships in bipolar disorder and gives important insights into the neuropathophysiology of diagnostic subtypes.
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| 2. |
- Nylander, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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The Quantified Behavioural Test Plus (QbTest plus ) in adult ADHD
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nordic Psychology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1901-2276 .- 1904-0016. ; 75:1, s. 20-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Quantified Behavioural Test Plus (QbTest+) is widely used in clinical practice to assess patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study mapped its behaviour in a group of adults with ADHD. Does it signal problems with impulsivity, attention and/or activity? To what extent are patients' self-reported problems reflected in QbTest performance? Does Qb testing foretell the future, as reflected in the patients' and clinicians' judgements 4 years later? We here recorded the three QbTest+ cardinals-QbActivity, QbImpulsivity and QbInattention - in 67 consecutive ADHD patients diagnosed in adulthood. Among the 54 patients who medicated as usual on the day of testing, 35 (65%) scored above the clinical cut-off (Q-score >= 1.25) on at least one of the QbTest+ cardinals. Out of the 13 patients who suspended medication prior to the test, 11 (85%) scored above the clinical cut-off on at least one of the Qb-variables. There were modest associations between QbTest+ cardinals and symptom self-ratings [Brown ADD scale (BADDS); Adult Self-Report Scale (ASRS)]. Forty-one patients completed a second QbTest+ approximately 4 years after the first. Performance was improved on the follow-up test and fewer patients scored in the clinical range (34%). The scores on the QbInattention cardinal at baseline correlated positively with BADDS and ASRS self-ratings at the 4-year follow-up.
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| 3. |
- Thompson, Paul M., et al.
(författare)
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The ENIGMA Consortium : large-scale collaborative analyses of neuroimaging and genetic data
- 2014
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Ingår i: BRAIN IMAGING BEHAV. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1931-7557 .- 1931-7565. ; 8:2, s. 153-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium is a collaborative network of researchers working together on a range of large-scale studies that integrate data from 70 institutions worldwide. Organized into Working Groups that tackle questions in neuroscience, genetics, and medicine, ENIGMA studies have analyzed neuroimaging data from over 12,826 subjects. In addition, data from 12,171 individuals were provided by the CHARGE consortium for replication of findings, in a total of 24,997 subjects. By meta-analyzing results from many sites, ENIGMA has detected factors that affect the brain that no individual site could detect on its own, and that require larger numbers of subjects than any individual neuroimaging study has currently collected. ENIGMA's first project was a genome-wide association study identifying common variants in the genome associated with hippocampal volume or intracranial volume. Continuing work is exploring genetic associations with subcortical volumes (ENIGMA2) and white matter microstructure (ENIGMA-DTI). Working groups also focus on understanding how schizophrenia, bipolar illness, major depression and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affect the brain. We review the current progress of the ENIGMA Consortium, along with challenges and unexpected discoveries made on the way.
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