| 1. |
- Thompson, Paul M., et al.
(författare)
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The ENIGMA Consortium : large-scale collaborative analyses of neuroimaging and genetic data
- 2014
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Ingår i: BRAIN IMAGING BEHAV. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1931-7557 .- 1931-7565. ; 8:2, s. 153-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium is a collaborative network of researchers working together on a range of large-scale studies that integrate data from 70 institutions worldwide. Organized into Working Groups that tackle questions in neuroscience, genetics, and medicine, ENIGMA studies have analyzed neuroimaging data from over 12,826 subjects. In addition, data from 12,171 individuals were provided by the CHARGE consortium for replication of findings, in a total of 24,997 subjects. By meta-analyzing results from many sites, ENIGMA has detected factors that affect the brain that no individual site could detect on its own, and that require larger numbers of subjects than any individual neuroimaging study has currently collected. ENIGMA's first project was a genome-wide association study identifying common variants in the genome associated with hippocampal volume or intracranial volume. Continuing work is exploring genetic associations with subcortical volumes (ENIGMA2) and white matter microstructure (ENIGMA-DTI). Working groups also focus on understanding how schizophrenia, bipolar illness, major depression and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affect the brain. We review the current progress of the ENIGMA Consortium, along with challenges and unexpected discoveries made on the way.
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| 2. |
- Sejrup, Jens, et al.
(författare)
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Reliving the Past: The Narrative Themes of Repetition and Continuity in Japan-Taiwan News Coverage
- 2015
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Ingår i: Japanese Taiwan: Colonial Rule and its Contested Legacy. - 9781472576729 ; , s. 185-200
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines mass media coverage of Taiwanese high-level political visits to Japan and critically analyzes the phenomenon of nostalgic repetition as a narrative formula in such sources. Stressing its elements of pathos, nostalgia, and sentimental reassurance, I argue that the repetition formula presents an avenue of immense strategic advantage for visiting pro-independence politicians vis-à-vis their Guomindang counterparts. The main attraction to the news media of this narrative motif is that it allows the Taiwanese visitor to be presented as sensitive to a core of “eternal” tradition and cultural stability in Japan and therefore negate any suspicions of fundamental breaks in the recent history of Japan-Taiwan relations and between “old” and contemporary Japan. Demonstrating on the one hand how this narrative motif requires the visitor’s emotional involvement to appear credible and genuine, I note on the other that over-indulging the Japanese poses a threat for any Taiwanese politician to alienate large domestic voter segments sensitive to “neo-colonial” attitudes. Due to the historical and postcolonial nature of Japan-Taiwan relations, failure to engage in the pathos of positive Japanese continuity and “eternal” ways seriously impedes visiting Taiwanese politicians from attaining their PR objectives and tends to confirm labels as “anti-Japanese” despite any intention on their part to visit Japan precisely in order to shed such labels.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Lassarre, Sylvain, et al.
(författare)
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Data analysis and modelling
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This deliverable on data analysis provides guidance and general principles for: - pre-testing to check the usability of the system and the feasibility of the evaluation process, - controlling the consistency of the chain and the precision with different sampling schemes, - modelling the impact for each indicators and for an integrated evaluation including a systemic and multidisciplinary interpretation of the effects, - integrating and controlling the quality of space-time data from various sources (numerical, video, questionnaires), - selecting the appropriate statistical techniques for data processing, PI estimation and hypothesis testing in accordance to the list of indicators and experimental design, - scaling up from experimental data and identified models to population and network level. Experimentalists stress the role and importance of a preliminary field test in FOT. Three main objectives have been defined to make a preliminary diagnosis of usability of the systems and to check the relevance and feasibility of the evaluation process. These preliminary tests are very important for the practical deployment of the FOT as well as for the overall scientific evaluation process.
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| 5. |
- Talbot, Rachel, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring inattention and distraction in the SafetyNet Accident Causation Database
- 2013
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Ingår i: Accident Analysis and Prevention. - : Elsevier BV. - 0001-4575. ; 60, s. 445-455
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Distraction and inattention are considered to be very important and prevalent factors in the causation of road accidents. There have been many recent research studies which have attempted to understand the circumstances under which a driver becomes distracted or inattentive and how distraction/inattention can be prevented. Both factors are thought to have become more important in recent times partly due to the evolution of in-vehicle information and communication technology. This study describes a methodology that was developed to understand when factors such as distraction and inattention may have been contributors to crashes and also describes some of the consequences of distraction and inattention in terms of subsequent driver actions.The study uses data relating to distraction and inattention from the SafetyNet Accident Causation Database. This database was formulated as part of the SafetyNet project to address the lack of representative in-depth accident causation data within the European Union. Data were collected in 6 European countries using ‘on-scene’ and ‘nearly on-scene’ crash investigation methodologies. 32% of crashes recorded in the database, involved at least one driver, rider or pedestrian, who was determined to be ‘Inattentive’ or ‘Distracted’. 212 of the drivers were assigned ‘Distraction’ and 140 drivers were given the code ‘Inattention’. It was found that both distraction and inattention often lead to missed observations within the driving task and consequently ‘Timing’ or ‘Direction’ become critical events in the aetiology of crashes. In addition, the crash types and outcomes may differ according to the type and nature of the distraction and inattention as determined by the in-depth investigations. The development of accident coding methodology is described in this study as is its evolution into the Driver Reliability and Error Analysis Model (DREAM) version 3.0.
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| 6. |
- Thomas, Pete, et al.
(författare)
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Identifying the causes of road crashes in Europe
- 2013
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Ingår i: Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine. - 1943-2461. ; 57, s. 13-22
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research applies a recently developed model of accident causation, developed to investigate industrial accidents, to a specially gathered sample of 997 crashes investigated in-depth in 6 countries. Based on the work of Hollnagel the model considers a collision to be a consequence of a breakdown in the interaction between road users, vehicles and the organisation of the traffic environment. 54% of road users experienced interpretation errors while 44% made observation errors and 37% planning errors. In contrast to other studies only 11% of drivers were identified as distracted and 8% inattentive. There was remarkably little variation in these errors between the main road user types. The application of the model to future in-depth crash studies offers the opportunity to identify new measures to improve safety and to mitigate the social impact of collisions. Examples given include the potential value of co-driver advisory technologies to reduce observation errors and predictive technologies to avoid conflicting interactions between road users. © Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine.
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