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- Bergin, Michelle
(författare)
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Playing along (with)in the hard yard? Play, practices, and occupational justice in Irish schoolyards
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis aims to generate knowledges on practice possibilities concerned with children’s play and occupational justice in Irish schoolyards. Navigating the intersections between theory and practice required an ongoing examination of the tensions and points of resonance between ideas, ideals, and practices. Drawing on critical occupational perspectives, four distinct yet interrelated studies contribute to the thesis aim, exploring play, particularly the play of children with minoritized identities, as an issue of occupational justice from diverse perspectives. Minoritized draws attention to the active social processes that create inequitable opportunities for children because of their identities relative to gender, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, religion, sexuality, and disability.In Study I, a scoping review using the Joanna Briggs institute methodology, showed a paucity of existing research on the play of Irish Traveller children, an ethnic minoritized community. Using an existing conceptual model to categorise reported influencing factors emphasized the distinct restricting factor of racism on Irish Traveller children’s play. To address the problematization of at-risk representations of Irish Traveller children, as reflective of culturist assumptions, greater attention to children’s own diverse constructions of play as a capability is proposed.Study II completed virtual and walking interviews with ten primary school teachers to explore their practices and experiences of particularly children with minoritized identities play in Irish schoolyards. The reflexive thematic analysis highlighted how prevailing norms interrelated with the locus of risks of exclusion to children’s individual choices and how teachers’ while valuing play, prioritised safety and an absence of conflict. Knowledges constructed on teachers and children negotiating individual and collective interests within diverse occupations in relationships (with)in the schoolyard, resonated with conceptualisations of collective occupations as constitutive with the production of the social space.Study III used individual and group walking interview methods to explore with 23 children their play in two Irish primary schools, identified as disadvantaged. Using the lens of the theory of practice architectures, the analysis highlighted children’s contrasting representations of play as habitual and emerging situated relational processes. Children’s acceptance of social hierarchies, individualistic and exclusionary social practices within schoolyards generated insights into the consequences of significant constraints and normative ideas on children’s play. Play was thus interrelated with the reproduction of what was termed the “hard yard”. However, the transformative potential of play was also suggested in how shared play created possibilities for fun, solidarity, and friendship.Study IV drawing on earlier studies, engaged six occupational therapists from diverse sites of practice in a critical action research inquiry to interrogate existing practices and generate practice possibilities focused on play and occupational justice in Irish schoolyards. Putting the theory of practice architectures to use again, the analysis drew attention to how habitual practices interrelated with constraints including circumscribed professional identities, service expectations and cultural norms to (re)produce practice possibilities, in tension with occupational justice ideals. Furthermore, the research process using dialogical focus group and occupational mapping methods provided a mechanism for raising consciousness that (re)mattered occupations and occupational justice.In conclusion, this thesis contributes nuanced understandings of play as socially situated practices interrelated with significant constraints and diverse social practices (with)in the particularities of Irish schoolyards. The ways in which inequities were (re)produced in habitual, individualistic, and exclusionary practices within schoolyards, and relationships of solidarity and fun were created within shared play supports understandings of the centrality of occupations to (in)justice. The insights generated problematized inclusive practices drawing attention to normative discourses, the individualising of choices, the neglect of substantive issues, such as racism and the significance of vulnerabilities and friendships. This thesis suggests practice possibilities that extend beyond play as an individual concern to consider ethical responsibilities to raise consciousness on the relational nature of collective practices with(in) shared spaces. Furthermore, in connecting (with) theorizing on occupation as collective, the theory of practice architectures and mechanisms of raising consciousness this thesis contributes to understandings of praxis.
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- Eklund, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric evaluation of the Danish version of Satisfaction with Daily Occupations (SDO).
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2014 .- 1103-8128. ; 21:3, s. 166-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Aims: The Satisfaction with Daily Occupations (SDO) scale assesses satisfaction within the domains of work, leisure, domestic tasks, and self-care. The aim was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Danish version of the SDO when used with asylum seekers. Methods: The participants were 93 Danes without known ill health and 43 asylum seekers. They completed the SDO and rated their perceived health, activity level, and general satisfaction with daily occupations. Translation into Danish and back-translation into Swedish was made by professional interpreters. Results: Internal consistency was α = 0.75 for the Danish sample and α = 0.79 for the asylum seekers. The SDO distinguished between asylum seekers and the Danish sample, suggesting criterion validity. Concurrent validity, analysed against general satisfaction with daily occupations, was indicated for both samples. Discriminant validity was indicated against self-rated health for both samples and against activity level for the Danish sample. There was, however, a correlation of 0.65 between the SDO satisfaction score and activity level for the asylum seekers. Conclusion: The SDO exhibited satisfactory internal consistency and criterion and concurrent validity. The findings regarding discriminant validity were somewhat inconclusive. The Danish SDO may be regarded as psychometrically sound but further psychometric testing is needed.
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| 8. |
- Hansen, Bodil Winther, et al.
(författare)
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Creative activities : An important agent of change in the process of rebuilding identity - a scoping literature review
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction:Looking back on the history of occupational therapy, creative activities played a major part in the rehabilitation process, but have been diminished during the last decades. This review looks at the importance and application of creative activities in occupational therapy in the 21st century.Objectives:The aim of the review was to describe the value and importance of focusing on creative activities in occupational therapy intervention. Method: This scoping review was done as prequel to a book on creativity in occupational therapy, and based on literature search in the databases PubMed,Cinahl, PsychInfo, and the Danish library index. Our inclusion criteria were literature that covered the value and meaning of creative activity in general and/or application of creative activities as intervention tool. Peer-reviewed articles, articles and books in English, and Scandinavian languages were included.Results/Discussion:This review showed that use of creative activities as a medium for healing/alleviating suffering have the power to rebuild or replace an identity during illness or major life crisis.The value of creative activities is individual and culture-based and as most have the need to expressthemselves through creativity, which makes creative activities important and useful. Conclusion: Results indicated that individuals have a need to be seen as unique and creative beings. This knowledge supports that creative activity as an agent of change within the rehabilitation process is important, when adaptinga new activity identity. The value and meaning of the creative activity for the individual or group should be examined before and during therapy. Contribution to occupational therapy practice:Focusing on implementing creative activities is important as they have potential to replace former crucial activities to a person’s activity identity. Creative activities are relevant in societies with stress, search for identity as a tool to understand individual reactions and feelings.
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- Hansson, S O, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational identity in occupational therapy : A concept analysis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The concept of occupational identity has become an important focus within occupational science and occupational therapy, drawing both recognition and inquiry. Even if the concept is highly relevant for understanding the occupational nature of human beings, ambiguity regarding the identification and application of occupational identity exists. Aim This analysis aimed to clarify the concept of occupational identity by examining its current use and application within occupational therapy. Materials and methods Walker and Avant's method for concept analysis was utilized to clarify the concept of occupational identity. Results Analysis resulted in three distinct categories of use: occupational identity construction, occupational identity discrepancy and occupational identity disruption, described contextually in terms of the self being, the self being and doing, and the self being and doing with others. Conclusions Findings validated the significant connection between occupation and identity through doing, being and future becoming. Also uncovered were considerable connections to belonging. Significance Occupational identity encompassed complex connections comprising both individual and collective components. Personally meaningful expression and connection were of particular significance to occupational identity as discrepancies or disruption of meaningful connections had negative implications for occupational engagement.
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- Håkansson, Carita, et al.
(författare)
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Aktivitetsbalance
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nordisk aktivitetsvidenskab. - : Munksgaard Forlag. - 9788762816497 - 9788762816879 ; , s. 111-126
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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