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- Kalldalen, Anette, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational Performance Problems in 85-Year-Old Women and Men in Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: OTJR (Thorofare, N.J.). - : Slack. - 1539-4492 .- 1938-2383. ; 32:2, s. 30-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An area of concern for occupational therapy is to increase preventive interventions among relatively healthy elderly individuals. The purpose of this study was to explore occupational performance problems among 85-year-old women and men in relation to demographic data, mental health, and health-related quality of life. Participants completed a postal questionnaire including the EuroQoL health-related quality of life measurement. Instruments used during a home visit were the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, the Mini-Mental State Examination, and the Geriatric Depression scale. The sample comprised 380 individuals. Women experienced poorer health and more occupational performance problems in community management, household management, and quiet leisure than men. Impaired cognitive function, lower self-rated health, and higher risk of depression correlated with a larger number of occupational performance problems. Intervention planning should be based on individual perceptions of meaningful occupations and environmental considerations.
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| 2. |
- Nägga, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of short cognitive screening tests in 85-year-old men and women
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Geriatric Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1878-7649 .- 1878-7657. ; 6:6, s. 545-550
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The study aimed to investigate different aspects of cognition using the Cognitive Assessment Battery (CAB) in community-dwelling older adults aged 85 years. We also investigated the eventual influence of sex on the results and aimed to identify predictors for further cognitive decline after 1 year. Methods: CAB consists of 10 subtests covering the cognitive domains of speed and attention, learning and episodic memory, visuospatial abilities, language, and executive functions. Cognitive tests were performed at baseline (n = 335) and follow-up after 1 year (n = 270). Results: Univariate statistics revealed that men performed better than women on episodic memory (P < 0.05) and on the naming test (P < 0.001). However, floor effects in the paragraph memory test were revealed. There was a high rate of abnormal results on Token Test (67%), PaSMO (50%), Clox (48%), and the cube copying (40%) tests in participants with normal cognition. Logistic regression showed that impaired results on the Stroop III test (odds ratio, 2.38; P < 0.05) was independently associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline. Conclusion: Men performed better than women on the memory and on the naming test. However, due to floor effects in the paragraph memory test in 85 year olds, these results can be disputed. The high rate of abnormal results on the Token Test, PaSMO, Clox, and the cube copying tests in cases with normal cognition indicate that these tests are less suitable for screening in the age group. Impaired result on the Stroop test increased the risk more than two-fold for cognitive decline after 1 year. (C) 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS and European Union Geriatric Medicine Society. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Nägga, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Health-related factors associated with hospitalization for old people: Comparisons of elderly aged 85 in a population cohort study
- 2012
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Ingår i: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print). - : Elsevier. - 0167-4943 .- 1872-6976. ; 54:2, s. 391-397
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this population-based study was to (1) describe living conditions and actual health care utilization among 85 year olds; (2) determine factors that affect hospital admissions in this age. The study was conducted on 85-year-old residents in Linkoping municipality, Sweden. The data collected included medical records, health care utilization during the preceding 12 months and a postal questionnaire on assistance, assistive technology, functional impairment, feelings of loneliness, worries and health-related quality of life measured by the EQ-5D. Out of 650 eligible individuals, 496 (78% of those alive) participated. Despite the prevalence of multi-morbidity (68%) and mental discomfort, the majority managed self-care (85%), usual activities (74%) and had high (andgt;60/100) self-rated health evaluated by a visual analog scale (VAS). The non-hospitalized group reported a better health status than the hospitalized group in terms of medical aspects, living conditions and subjective estimation. Factors associated with in-patient care were an increased number of general practitioner visits, more assistive technology, community assistance, multimorbidity and/or diagnosed congestive heart failure and arrhythmia.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Öberg, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Hearing difficulties, uptake and outcomes of hearing aids in people 85 years of age
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 51:2, s. 108-115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate self-reported hearing difficulties, uptake, and hearing-aid outcomes and their relationships to demographic, cognitive, psychosocial, and health variables in 85 year olds. Design and study sample: Three hundred and forty-six elderly adults participated in a survey that included questionnaires and home visits. Fifty-five percent of participants admitted to having hearing difficulties, and 59% of these owned hearing aids. The participants most frequently cited reason for not acquiring hearing aids was that they did not think their hearing problem was perceived as severe enough. Participants with hearing difficulties who did not own hearing aids showed worse general and mental health. Many of the elderly participants were successful in their rehabilitation, and their hearing-aid outcomes were similar to those of a younger group, with the exception of a greater proportion of non-users among the elderly. Conclusion: Many older people with self-reported hearing difficulties do not acquire hearing aids, despite this studys findings that older people are likely to have success with hearing rehabilitation. It is important to make greater efforts to try to increase elderly adults awareness of hearing loss and the benefits of hearing rehabilitation.
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