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Sökning: WFRF:(Nicholas B.) > Konferensbidrag

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1.
  • de Jong, Roelof S., et al. (författare)
  • 4MOST-4-metre Multi-Object Spectroscopic Telescope
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy V. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; 9147
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • 4MOST is a wide-field, high-multiplex spectroscopic survey facility under development for the VISTA telescope of the European Southern Observatory (ESO). Its main science drivers are in the fields of galactic archeology, high-energy physics, galaxy evolution and cosmology. 4MOST will in particular provide the spectroscopic complements to the large area surveys coming from space missions like Gaia, eROSITA, Euclid, and PLATO and from ground-based facilities like VISTA, VST, DES, LSST and SKA. The 4MOST baseline concept features a 2.5 degree diameter field-of-view with similar to 2400 fibres in the focal surface that are configured by a fibre positioner based on the tilting spine principle. The fibres feed two types of spectrographs; similar to 1600 fibres go to two spectrographs with resolution R> 5000 (lambda similar to 390-930 nm) and similar to 800 fibres to a spectrograph with R> 18,000 (lambda similar to 392-437 nm & 515-572 nm & 605-675 nm). Both types of spectrographs are fixed-configuration, three-channel spectrographs. 4MOST will have an unique operations concept in which 5 year public surveys from both the consortium and the ESO community will be combined and observed in parallel during each exposure, resulting in more than 25 million spectra of targets spread over a large fraction of the southern sky. The 4MOST Facility Simulator (4FS) was developed to demonstrate the feasibility of this observing concept. 4MOST has been accepted for implementation by ESO with operations expected to start by the end of 2020. This paper provides a top-level overview of the 4MOST facility, while other papers in these proceedings provide more detailed descriptions of the instrument concept[1], the instrument requirements development[2], the systems engineering implementation[3], the instrument model[4], the fibre positioner concepts[5], the fibre feed[6], and the spectrographs[7].
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2.
  • Pokorny, Florian B., et al. (författare)
  • Earlier Identification of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder : An Automatic Vocalisation-based Approach
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: 18Th Annual Conference Of The International Speech Communication Association (INTERSPEECH 2017), Vols 1-6. - 9781510848764 ; , s. 309-313
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder usually diagnosed in or beyond toddlerhood. ASD is defined by repetitive and restricted behaviours, and deficits in social communication. The early speech-language development of individuals with ASD has been characterised as delayed. However, little is known about ASD-related characteristics of pre-linguistic vocalisations at the feature level. In this study. we examined pre-linguistic vocalisations of 10-month-old individuals later diagnosed with ASD and a matched control group of typically developing individuals (N = 20). We segmented 684 vocalisations from parent-child interaction recordings. All vocalisations were annotated and signal-analytically decomposed. We analysed ASD-related vocalisation specificities on the basis of a standardised set (eGeMAPS) of 88 acoustic features selected for clinical speech analysis applications. 54 features showed evidence for a differentiation between vocalisations of individuals later diagnosed with ASD and controls. In addition, we evaluated the feasibility of automated, vocalisation-based identification of individuals later diagnosed with ASD. We compared linear kernel support vector machines and a 1-layer bidirectional long short-term memory neural network. Both classification approaches achieved an accuracy of 75% for subject-wise identification in a subject-independent 3-fold cross-validation scheme. Our promising results may be an important contribution en-route to facilitate earlier identification of ASD.
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4.
  • Torlegård, B., et al. (författare)
  • Identifying and modelling clinical subpopulations from the Malmö breast tomosynthesis screening trial
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: 15th International Workshop on Breast Imaging, IWBI 2020. - : SPIE. - 1996-756X .- 0277-786X. - 9781510638310 ; 11513
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Virtual Clinical Trials (VCT) are an effective tool to evaluate the performance of novel imaging systems using computer simulations. VCT results depend on the selection of virtual patient populations. In the case of breast imaging, virtual patients should be matched to a desired clinical population in terms of selected anatomical or demographic descriptors. We are developing a virtual population of women who participated in the Malmö Breast Tomosynthesis Screening Trial (MBTST). We have used clinical values of the compressed breast thickness and volumetric breast density to develop a multidimensional distribution of women in MBTST. Breast density and thickness values were obtained from anonymized, previously collected tomosynthesis images of 14,746 women. In this paper, we compare several approaches to identify clinical subpopulations and select virtual patients that represent various groups of clinical subjects. We performed two methods to identify clinical subpopulations by clustering clinical data using the K-means algorithm or woman's age. The obtained clusters have been explored and compared using the silhouette mean. The K-means algorithm yielded grouping of MBTST data into two clusters; however, that grouping was, shown to be suboptimal by the silhouette analysis. The agebased clustering showed significant overlap in terms of breast thickness and density. We also compared two approaches to select sets of representative phantoms. Our analysis has emphasized benefits and limitations of different clustering methods. The preferred method depends on the specific task that should be addressed using VCTs. Simulation of representative phantoms is ongoing. Potential correlations with pathological findings and/or parenchymal properties will be investigated.
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5.
  • Vasefi, Fartash, et al. (författare)
  • Multimode optical dermoscopy (SkinSpect) analysis for skin with melanocytic nevus
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Proceedings Volume 9711, Imaging, Manipulation, and Analysis of Biomolecules, Cells, and Tissues IX; 971110 (2016). - : SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering.
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We have developed a multimode dermoscope (SkinSpect™) capable of illuminating human skin samples in-vivo with spectrally-programmable linearly-polarized light at 33 wavelengths between 468nm and 857 nm. Diffusely reflected photons are separated into collinear and cross-polarized image paths and images captured for each illumination wavelength. In vivo human skin nevi (N = 20) were evaluated with the multimode dermoscope and melanin and hemoglobin concentrations were compared with Spatially Modulated Quantitative Spectroscopy (SMoQS) measurements. Both systems show low correlation between their melanin and hemoglobin concentrations, demonstrating the ability of the SkinSpect™ to separate these molecular signatures and thus act as a biologically plausible device capable of early onset melanoma detection.
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6.
  • Aulenbach, Donald B., et al. (författare)
  • Removal of heavy metals in potw using alum or sodium aluminate for phosphorus removal
  • 1984
  • Ingår i: Proceedings of Mid-Atlantic Industrial Waste Conference. ; , s. 318-330
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The addition of alum or sodium aluminate at dosages which effectively remove phosphorus is beneficial in removing copper, chromium, and lead when present in wastewaters. Chromium removal is enhanced by sodium aluminate addition, but alum does not affect chromium removal. Both types of aluminum salts appear to increase the removal of lead, but the large variance in the data does not allow this to be confirmed by the t-tests. Of the remaining metals analyzed, no difference in removal was observed with and without aluminum salt addition for cadmium or antimony, nor was there any difference in TOC removal. Mercury was effectively removed to below the detection limit by primary sedimentation, so no further removal was achieved during secondary treatment when the alum/aluminate was added. Other metals were not present in amounts above detection limits.
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8.
  • Clark, Brendon, associate professor, 1970-, et al. (författare)
  • Improvisational Design Dialogue
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: CHI2021 Online interactive workshop.
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We take the position that, if we wish to move toward decolonizing design, design(ers) needs to re-think the organization of the design encounter and how we as designers practice participation in that encounter. We emphasize the improvisational nature of turn-taking in “real-time” dialogue amidst asymmetric and dynamic power relations, with design’s commitment to generating resources for future practices, and decolonization’s commitment to re-configure power structures. Improvisational design dialogue – unraveling partial glimpses of our individual and collective journeys in improvised performances of potential realities through a dance of multimodal, partially distributed, partially synchronized dialogue in the “design present”. 
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9.
  • Clark, Brendon, associate professor, 1970-, et al. (författare)
  • Improvisational Design Dialogue : exploring relational design encounters as means to dismantle oppression in design
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: DRS2022. - London : Design Research Society. - 9781912294572
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • To explore dismantling oppressive power relations in design, we bring to fore design encounters through the lens of relationality and improvisational competence. This paper is based on the premise that, if we are to move toward decolonizing design, design(ers) needs to re-think the organization of the design encounter and how we as designers practice participation in such encounters. We emphasize the improvisational nature of turn-taking in dialogue amidst asymmetric and dynamic power relations, with design’s commitment to generating resources for future practices, and decolonization’s commitment to re-configure power structures. After problematizing the design encounter from a power relation perspective, we explore practice models for developing improvisational competence. We do this by looking at the two improvisational dialogic practices of Capoeira and Improv Theater. We focus on what it can mean to develop skills in “improvisational competence” of relationality in design. We first touch on our previous Participatory Design work in the language learning “in the wild” agenda and then draw on each of our personal improvisational practices: Capoeira martial art, and improvisational theater. We then outline possibilities for relational improvisational design dialogue and conclude by outlining how it can be practiced in Design education and practice.
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