| 1. |
- Hagel, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of outcome measurement instruments used in a multidisciplinary rehabilitation intervention for patients with chronic inflammatory arthritis: Linking of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, construct validity and responsiveness to change.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1651-2081 .- 1650-1977. ; 43:5, s. 411-419
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To determine the validity of 15 standardized instruments frequently used to measure the outcome of chronic arthritis treatment. Methods: Analyses were performed on data collected at a rehabilitation programme (n=216). The outcome measures evaluated were health-related quality of life, global health, pain, physical function and aerobic capacity. The instrument items were linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) (content validity), construct validity was analysed based on predetermined hypothesis (Spearman's correlations, r(s)), and responsiveness (after 18 days and 12 months) by the standardized response mean. Results: Most instruments covered the ICF component body function and/or activity-participation, only a few covered the environmental component. The short Euroqol-5 Dimensions performed as well as the longer health-related quality of life instruments in covering the ICF and in responsiveness. The health-related quality of life instruments did not measure similar constructs as hypothesized, neither did pain measures. The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis indices covered several components of the ICF often exhibiting a large responsiveness. Aerobic capacity had the largest responsiveness of all measures. Conclusion: Many instruments are not highly correlated, although at face value they appear to measure the same construct, information also applying to content validity and responsiveness. Results from this study can assist in choosing outcome measures in the clinic and in research.
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| 2. |
- Nilsson, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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The catabolic capacity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is preserved to a higher extent during carbon compared to nitrogen starvation
- 2001
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Ingår i: Yeast. - Chichester : Wiley. - 0749-503X .- 1097-0061. ; 18:15, s. 1371-1381
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A comparison of catabolic capacity was made between S. cerevisiae cells subjected to 24 h carbon or nitrogen starvation. The cells were shifted to starvation conditions at the onset of respiratory growth on ethanol in aerobic batch cultures, using glucose as the carbon and energy source. The results showed that the catabolic capacity was preserved to a much larger extent during carbon compared to nitrogen starvation. Nitrogen starvation experiments were made in the presence of ethanol (not glucose) to exclude the effect of glucose transport inactivation (Busturia and Lagunas, 1986). Hence, the difference in catabolic capacity could not be attributed to differences in glucose transport capacity during these conditions. In order to understand the reason for this difference in starvation response, measurement of protein composition, adenine nucleotides, inorganic phosphate, poly phosphate and storage carbohydrates were performed. No clear correlation between any of these variables and catabolic capacity after starvation could be obtained. However, there was a positive correlation between total catabolic activity and intracellular ATP concentration when glucose was added to starved cells. The possible mechanism for this correlation, as well as what determines the ATP level, is discussed.
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| 3. |
- Nilsson, Malin, 1973-
(författare)
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Att förklara människan : Diskurser i populärvetenskapliga TV-program
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The principle aim of the study is to describe, analyze and problemize the ways in which television science documentaries (within a public service context) discursively represent scientific theories, research results and conclusions about the origins of human nature and the causes of human behavior. The study covers 25 programs broadcasted by SVT and UR during a period of four years,2002-2005 , and 12 additional programs are used as a basis for discussion. Most of the programs included in the study are productions purchased mainly from BBC Science. Thus, managing editors, producers and presenters were interviewed for the purpose of illuminating quality judgements and purchasing criteria. A five stage-model of critical discourse analysis has inspired the method which emphasizes the network of communicative practices in which the media text and representation are embedded. That includes media genre, production and narrative conventions as well as the wider historical, social and political/ideological context and discourse practices of which the issues represented are a part. The critical discourse analysis has been complemented by ideas about different documentary modes of representation or basic ways of organizing documentary texts in relation to certain recurrent features or conventions. In the analysis these modes have been applied to understand the degree of transparency and editorial presence and visibility in the science documentaries. The importance of the discourses presented is related to their more applied meanings. When certain descriptions, explanations and understandings of alleged human “basics” gain priority, it may affect the possibilities to define and handle very concrete social issues in a way that is inconsistent with this fundamental perspective. Thus, the ideological function of the science documentaries (as public service-program and educational media) deserves serious attention.
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