| 1. |
- Monstein, Hans-Jurg, 1946-, et al.
(författare)
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Multiplex PCR amplification assay for the detection of blaSHV, blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes in Enterobacteriaceae
- 2007
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Ingår i: Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica (APMIS). - : Wiley. - 0903-4641 .- 1600-0463. ; 115:12, s. 1400-1408
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are often mediated by bla-SHV, blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes in Enterobacteriaceae and other Gram-negative bacteria. Numerous molecular typing methods, including PCR-based assays, have been developed for their identification. To reduce the number of PCR amplifications needed we have developed a multiplex PCR assay which detects and discriminates between bla-SHV, blaTEM and blaCTX-M PCR amplicons of 747, 445 and 593 bp, respectively. This multiplex PCR assay allowed the identification of bla-SHV, blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes in a series of clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae with previously characterised ESBL phenotype. The presence of blaSHV, blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes was confirmed by partial DNA sequence analysis. Apparently, the universal well-established CTX-M primer pair used here to reveal plasmid-encoded blaCTX-M genes would also amplify the chromosomally located K-1 enzyme gene in all Klebsiella oxytoca strains included in the study.
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| 2. |
- Mai, Xiaomei, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Early rapid weight gain and current overweight in relation to asthma in adolescents born with very low birth weight
- 2005
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Ingår i: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0905-6157 .- 1399-3038. ; 16:5, s. 380-385
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Early catch-up growth and subsequent overweight are suggested to be associated with later cardiovascular diseases and later type II diabetes. However, the impact of early catch-up growth and childhood overweight on the development of asthma has been less studied, particularly in children born with very low birth weight (VLBW). A birth cohort of 74 VLBW children (birth weight ≤ 1500 g) was followed from birth and investigated on asthma at 12 yr of age. Early rapid weight gain was in one way defined as an increase of weight ≥1 standard deviation score (SDS) at 6 months of corrected postnatal age. Current overweight was defined by body mass index (BMI) exceeding 21.2 and 21.7 kg/m2, respectively, for boys and girls at 12 yr of age. Current asthma was diagnosed by a pediatrician, according to asthma ever in combination with a positive response to hypertonic saline bronchial provocation test and/or wheeze at physical examination at 12 yr old. Being overweight at 12 yr of age was associated with an increased risk for current asthma in the VLBW children [crude odds ratio (OR): 5.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3-22.2]. After adjustment for early weight gain and neonatal risk, the OR of overweight increased nearly three times (adjusted OR: 15.3, 95% CI: 2.5-90.6). Early rapid weight gain seemed to be inversely associated with current asthma (adjusted OR: 0.49 for an increase of weight equal to 1 SDS, 95% CI: 0.23-1.02, p = 0.06). In addition, early rapid weight gain was inversely associated with the magnitude of bronchial responsiveness at 12 yr (coefficient -1.15, p < 0.01). There was a strong and positive association between overweight and asthma at 12 yr of age in the VLBW children. This strong association had been reduced by early rapid weight gain, possibly via the reduction of bronchial responsiveness. © 2005 Blackwell Munksgaard.
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| 3. |
- Nilforoush, Rasoul, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental Evaluation of Influence of Member Thickness, Anchor-Head Size, and Orthogonal Surface Reinforcement on the Tensile Capacity of Headed Anchors in Uncracked Concrete
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Structural Engineering. - : American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). - 0733-9445 .- 1943-541X. ; 144:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cast-in-place headed anchors with different head sizes embedded in plain and reinforced concrete members of various thicknesses were subjected to pullout tests. The influence of member thickness, size of the anchor head, and orthogonal surface reinforcement on the tensile capacity and performance of anchor bolts was evaluated. The member thickness varied from 1.5 to 3.0 times the anchor embedment depth and headed anchors with small, medium, and large heads were tested.The experimental results of the present study showed that increasing member thickness and/or the use of orthogonal surface reinforcement lead to increased anchorage capacity and anchorage ductility, whereas the anchorage stiffness decreases slightly. In contrast to the anchorage ductility, the tensile breakout resistance and the anchorage stiffness increase significantly with increasing size of the anchor head.The experimental results corresponded closely to numerical results from a previous study (Nilforoush et al. 2016 a & b), which suggested a modified model incorporating several modification factors for improving the predictive capability of the Concrete Capacity (CC) method. In the present study, these factors yielded improved prediction of the tensile breakout capacity of the tested headed anchors.
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| 4. |
- Nilforoush, Rasoul, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental evaluation of tensile behaviour of single cast-in-place anchor bolts in plain and steel fibre-reinforced normal- and high-strength concrete
- 2017
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Ingår i: Engineering structures. - : Elsevier. - 0141-0296 .- 1873-7323. ; 147, s. 195-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cast-in-place anchor bolts embedded in plain and steel fibre-reinforced normal- and high-strength concrete members were subjected to monotonic tensile loads. The influence of the concrete member thickness, concrete strength, and the addition of steel fibres to the concrete mixture, on the anchorage capacity and performance was evaluated. The experimental results were evaluated in terms of anchorage capacity, anchorage ductility and stiffness as well as failure mode and geometry. Furthermore, the validity of Concrete Capacity (CC) method for predicting the tensile breakout capacity of anchor bolts in plain and steel fibre-reinforced normal- and high-strength concrete members was evaluated.The anchorage capacity and ductility increased slightly with increasing member thickness, whereas the anchorage stiffness decreased slightly. In contrast to the anchorage ductility, the anchorage capacity and stiffness increased considerably with increasing concrete compressive strength. The anchorage capacity and ductility also increased significantly with the addition of steel fibres to the concrete mixtures. This enhanced capacity and ductility resulted from the improved flexural tensile strength and post-peak cracking behavior of steel fibre-reinforced concrete.The average ratio of measured strengths to those predicted by the CC method for anchors in plain concrete members was increased from 1.0 to 1.17 with increasing member thickness. In steel fibre-reinforced concrete, this ratio varied from 1.29 to 1.51, depending on the member thickness and the concrete strength.
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| 5. |
- Nilforoush, Rasoul, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of Surface Reinforcement, Member thickness and Cracked Concrete on Tensile Capacity of Anchor Bolts
- 2017
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Ingår i: ACI Structural Journal. - : American Concrete Institute. - 0889-3241 .- 1944-7361. ; 114:6, s. 1543-1556
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An extensive numerical study was carried out to evaluate the influence of concrete member thickness and orthogonal surface reinforcement on the tensile capacity and performance of anchor bolts in uncracked concrete members. Anchor bolts at various embedment depths (hef=50 to 300 mm (1.97 to 11.81 in.)) in unreinforced and reinforced concrete members of various thicknesses (H=1.5 – 5.0∙hef) were simulated. The reinforced concrete slabs were considered to be lightly-reinforced and over-reinforced to evaluate also the influence of amount of reinforcement. Furthermore, the behavior of anchor bolts at various embedment depths in pre-cracked reinforced concrete members was numerically investigated. The numerical results were compared with predictions from current design models including the Concrete Capacity (CC) method.The numerical results show that in uncracked concrete the tensile capacity of anchor bolts increases up to 20% and the anchorage behavior becomes more ductile with increasing member thickness or by having surface reinforcement. The numerical results also show that the CC method underestimates the tensile capacity of deep anchors (hef≥200 mm (7.87 in.)), while it slightly overestimates the capacity of short anchors (hef≤100 mm (3.94 in.)) in thin unreinforced members. It was also found that the over-reinforced concrete does not improve the anchorage capacity and performance any further than the lightly-reinforced concrete. Based on the numerical results, several recommendations are proposed to account for the influence of member thickness, surface reinforcement and cracked concrete. Further experimental studies are ongoing to verify and generalize the recommendations of this study.
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| 6. |
- Nilforoush, Rasoul, et al.
(författare)
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Tensile capacity of anchor bolts in uncracked concrete : Influence of member thickness and anchor’s head size
- 2017
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Ingår i: ACI Structural Journal. - : American Concrete Institute. - 0889-3241 .- 1944-7361. ; 114:6, s. 1519-1530
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study evaluated the influence of concrete member thickness and size of anchor head on the tensile capacity and performance of anchor bolts in concrete. Anchor bolts at various embedment depths (hef=50 – 500 mm (1.97 – 19.69 in.)) in concrete members of various thicknesses (H=1.5 – 5.0∙hef) were simulated. Three different sizes of anchor head (small, medium and large) were considered at each anchor embedment depth. The numerical results were compared with predictions from several theoretical and empirical models, including current design models, as well as some test results.The numerical results show that the concrete cone resistance increases with increasing thickness of concrete member and/or size of the anchor head. Simulations also indicate that current design models generally underestimate the tensile capacity of large anchors.Two modification factors are proposed to account for the influence of the member thickness and the size of anchor head. Predictions of anchorage capacity using the proposed modification factors have good correlation with the available test results found in the literature.
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| 7. |
- Nilsson, Bengt E, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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VIP-antiserum inhibits fluid secretion by the inflamed gallbladder mucosa.
- 1994
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Ingår i: Regulatory peptides. - 0167-0115. ; 49:3, s. 179-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The inflammatory fluid secretion by the gallbladder mucosa in experimental cholecystitis is induced by an increased prostaglandin formation and is mediated by intramural nerves. In the present study the effect of VIP-antiserum on the inflammatory fluid secretion in the gallbladder was tested in a validated experimental model in cats. The animals were studied in acute experiments 6 weeks after a procedure when the cystic duct was tied and gallstones were implanted in the gallbladder. During basal conditions there was a continuous secretion of fluid into the lumen of the inflamed gallbladder averaging 0.43 +/- 0.18 ml/h. Injection of VIP antiserum, obtained from immunized rabbits and diluted with saline 1:10 in a bolus of 4 ml into the coeliac artery reversed this secretion into an absorption of 1.72 +/- 0.44 ml h-1 (P < 0.001). VIP-antiserum did not affect the fluid adsorption in control animals with an intact gallbladder and injection of control serum from rabbits not immunized to VIP did not affect fluid secretion in the inflamed gallbladders. The results support the idea that the inflammatory fluid secretion in the gallbladder mucosa is mediated by VIP-ergic nerve fibres.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Rydberg, Lennart, 1944, et al.
(författare)
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An ELISA technique for quantitation of human xenoantibodies binding to pig cells: application in patients with pig kidneys extracorporeally connected to the circulation.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Xenotransplantation. - 0908-665X. ; 5:2, s. 105-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A quantitative ELISA technique for determination of human anti-pig xenoantibody number in serum samples has been established using pig lymphocytes and pig/rabbit erythrocytes as target cells and a pool of serum from human blood group AB donors. The number of low affinity antibodies binding to the cells was determined by quantitation following the use of aqueous washing of the cells and separation of bound and unbound antibodies with the phthalate oil method. The efficiency of different soluble Gal(alpha)1-3Gal-terminating di- and tri-saccharides to inhibit antibody binding was tested and found to vary between 70-90% at a saccharide concentration of 10 mg/ml. The assay was used to evaluate the antibody changes in two patients who, after plasmapheresis treatments, had pig kidneys extracorporeally connected to their blood circulation. The number of anti-pig IgM/IgG antibodies bound to each pig lymphocyte were reduced from 5,600/13,200 to 1,300/3,100 in patient 1 and from 1,200/6,500 to 500/2,100 in patient 2 by three consecutive daily plasmapheresis treatments. Although the lymphocytotoxic titers were reduced to very low levels, the antibody numbers still present in the blood of patient 1 caused a hyperacute rejection of the pig kidney. However, the antibody levels in patient 2 did not cause rejection of this kidney during 15 min perfusion time. A strong anti-pig antibody response 3 weeks after the perfusion experiment was found in patient 1 as shown by 27,600/245,300 IgM/IgG molecules bound to pig lymphocytes corresponding to an increase of lymphocytotoxic titer from 8 to 512. The second patient showed a much weaker immune response with 1,400/19,800 IgM/IgG antibodies corresponding to a lymphocytotoxic titer increase from 8 to 32. The use of this quantitation technique enables more accurate investigation of antibody binding to xenogenic target cells than conventional titration techniques.
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| 10. |
- Saeedi, Baharak, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic relatedness of Enterococcus faecalis isolates with high-level gentamicin resistance from patients with bacteraemia in the south east of Sweden 1994-2001
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5548 .- 1651-1980. ; 36:6-7, s. 405-409
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-level gentamicin resistant (HLGR) enterococci (Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium) have become a substantial nosocomial problem in many countries. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of HLGR enterococci and their genetic relatedness in blood culture isolates from patients with bacteraemia admitted to the 3 hospitals in Östergötland, a county in the south east of Sweden, during 1994–2001. 36 of 250 E. faecalis (14%) and 4 of 106 E. faecium isolates (4%) were shown by PCR to carry the aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2″)-Ia aminoglycoside modifying gene and these isolates were also classified as HLGR enterococci by the gentamicin antibiotic disk diffusion method. A majority of HLGR E. faecalis isolates (83%) belonged to the same cluster of genetically related isolates, according to the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns, whereas all 4 HLGR E. faecium isolates had unique PFGE patterns. In conclusion, our study showed that in contrast to studies from many other countries, the presence of HLGR enterococci was more common in E. faecalis than in E. faecium and appeared the first time in 1996 and 1999, respectively. Bacteraemia with HLGR enterococci in Östergötland was mainly due to the spread of a cluster related of E. faecalis strains.
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