| 1. |
- Monstein, Hans-Jurg, 1946-, et al.
(författare)
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Multiplex PCR amplification assay for the detection of blaSHV, blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes in Enterobacteriaceae
- 2007
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Ingår i: Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica (APMIS). - : Wiley. - 0903-4641 .- 1600-0463. ; 115:12, s. 1400-1408
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are often mediated by bla-SHV, blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes in Enterobacteriaceae and other Gram-negative bacteria. Numerous molecular typing methods, including PCR-based assays, have been developed for their identification. To reduce the number of PCR amplifications needed we have developed a multiplex PCR assay which detects and discriminates between bla-SHV, blaTEM and blaCTX-M PCR amplicons of 747, 445 and 593 bp, respectively. This multiplex PCR assay allowed the identification of bla-SHV, blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes in a series of clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae with previously characterised ESBL phenotype. The presence of blaSHV, blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes was confirmed by partial DNA sequence analysis. Apparently, the universal well-established CTX-M primer pair used here to reveal plasmid-encoded blaCTX-M genes would also amplify the chromosomally located K-1 enzyme gene in all Klebsiella oxytoca strains included in the study.
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| 2. |
- Elfgren, Lennart, 1942-, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of Fasteners to Concrete : A Tribute to Rolf Eligehausen
- 2017
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Ingår i: Connections between Steel and Concrete. - Stuttgart. - 9783945773062 ; , s. 1294-1302
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Some examples are given of assessment of fastenings to concrete structures and the work started by Rolf Eligehausen in fib Task Group 2.9 “Fastenings to structural concrete and masonry”. Studies have been made on e.g. the influence of creep on adhesive anchors and of surface reinforcement and size effects on headed anchors.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Lindblad, Sverker, 1946, et al.
(författare)
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The Public Opinion in Sweden on Educational Restructuring and Governing by International Large-Scale Assessments : Paper presented at the Roundtable Session "Education reform and privatization in diverse contexts" at the Comparative and International Education Society 2019 meeting in San Francisco, USA
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings from the Comparative and International Education Society 2019 meeting in San Francisco, USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study is based on an interest in the interplay between science and society, conceptualized as an agora with different positions and actors (Nowotny et al, 2001) in contextualizing and relevancing research. Our case is Sweden as a Nordic Welfare state, transforming a centralized, state-driven reformistic welfare state education system into a highly restructured system in terms of privatization, decentralization and deregulation, including school choice based on vouchers. International large scale assessments (ILSA) such as the OECD PISA studies and the IEA TIMSS program are vital in current public discourses on education, and supranational organizations such as the OECD are asked by the government advice how to deal with the problems and gaps indicated by PISA results (Lindblad, Pettersson & Popkewitz, 2018). We focus on the public opinion as part of the education agora problematic. We ask what are the views considering different aspects of school restructuring and about the uses of ILSA in governing and standardizing school? Are there groups with contradictory views and what are their locations in the social and political demography of the opinion? Data for our analyses were collected and organized by the SOM-institute at the university if Gothenburg in their annual national polls in Sweden. We put forward a set of questions on education quality and governance in the polls. A response ratio of 55 percent (n=1700 individuals) was obtained from a national sample of respondents at the end of 2017. These data are combined with data from previous studies at the SOM-institute. Considering views on schooling the trust in as an institution and in teachers is rather stable and rather high over the years, but a common view is that the quality of the school is getting worse. Considering different aspects of educational restructuring the public opinion is mostly taking a negative stance – no more privatization or profits in school business, and more of state governing. To analyze the demography of the public opinion we identified four distinct clusters: (A) supporters of reformistic welfare state schooling (34 percent), (B) disappointed supporters of welfare state schooling (15 percent), (C) uninformed opponents of welfare state schooling (n=30 percent), and (D) radical opponents of reformist welfare state schooling who instead strives for further restructuring (21 percent). Thus, the public opinion is disjointed and polarized in their views on schooling, which in turn corresponds to positions in the social structure and political preferences, where e.g. clusters C and D are to a large extent including conservatives and right-wing populists, while clusters A and B include more of social democrats and the green party. ILSA is regarded as significantly more useful for governing schooling in cluster C and most of all in cluster D. This study increase our understanding of the current education agora with a disjointed and somewhat polarized public opinon, where governing by ILSA in the current welfare state context is a position presently occupied by restructuring proponents and the political right, with its emphasis on school results, efficiency and schooling for international competition.
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| 5. |
- Lindblad, Sverker, 1946, et al.
(författare)
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The Public Opinion on Educational Qualities in Postpolitical Times: International Comparisons in Welfare State Governance
- 2016
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Ingår i: American Educational Research Association Conference Online Program 2016. - 0163-9676.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The case is a Nordic welfare state where governing by means of international comparisons (IC) is very important. Which educational qualities are emphasized in this “post-political” way of governing? We analyzed conceptions among citizens – to what extent is the opinion accepting governing by means of IC. We turned to a national sample of citizens (n= 1636 respondents). The opinion was divided. A large share trusted in IC and another large share did not accept their relevance. This split was related to differences in terms of gender, social position and educational level. Thus, there is no general acceptance of IC and their relevance. IC is problematic to treat as a quick fix to determine educational ambitions or strategies for educational improvement.
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| 6. |
- Mai, Xiaomei, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Early rapid weight gain and current overweight in relation to asthma in adolescents born with very low birth weight
- 2005
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Ingår i: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0905-6157 .- 1399-3038. ; 16:5, s. 380-385
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Early catch-up growth and subsequent overweight are suggested to be associated with later cardiovascular diseases and later type II diabetes. However, the impact of early catch-up growth and childhood overweight on the development of asthma has been less studied, particularly in children born with very low birth weight (VLBW). A birth cohort of 74 VLBW children (birth weight ≤ 1500 g) was followed from birth and investigated on asthma at 12 yr of age. Early rapid weight gain was in one way defined as an increase of weight ≥1 standard deviation score (SDS) at 6 months of corrected postnatal age. Current overweight was defined by body mass index (BMI) exceeding 21.2 and 21.7 kg/m2, respectively, for boys and girls at 12 yr of age. Current asthma was diagnosed by a pediatrician, according to asthma ever in combination with a positive response to hypertonic saline bronchial provocation test and/or wheeze at physical examination at 12 yr old. Being overweight at 12 yr of age was associated with an increased risk for current asthma in the VLBW children [crude odds ratio (OR): 5.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3-22.2]. After adjustment for early weight gain and neonatal risk, the OR of overweight increased nearly three times (adjusted OR: 15.3, 95% CI: 2.5-90.6). Early rapid weight gain seemed to be inversely associated with current asthma (adjusted OR: 0.49 for an increase of weight equal to 1 SDS, 95% CI: 0.23-1.02, p = 0.06). In addition, early rapid weight gain was inversely associated with the magnitude of bronchial responsiveness at 12 yr (coefficient -1.15, p < 0.01). There was a strong and positive association between overweight and asthma at 12 yr of age in the VLBW children. This strong association had been reduced by early rapid weight gain, possibly via the reduction of bronchial responsiveness. © 2005 Blackwell Munksgaard.
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| 7. |
- Nilforoush, Rasoul, et al.
(författare)
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Anchorage capacity and performance in plain and steelfibre-reinforced-concrete
- 2020
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Ingår i: 1st IABSE Online Symposium 2020. - : International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE). ; , s. 700-709
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nowadays, prefabricated concrete components made from Steel-Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) are widely used in the construction industry. These components are often connected to existing or new structural elements through various fastening systems. Previous studies have shown that the addition of steel fibers to concrete mixture substantially improves the fracture properties of concrete. To date, however, rather limited research is available on the behavior of fastening systems in SFRC. To improve the current knowledge of fastening systems to SFRC structures, a pilot experimental study is carried out on cast-in-place anchor bolts embedded in Plain Concrete (PC) and SFRC members. In this study, the influence of the presence of steel fibers and concrete compressive strength on the anchorage capacity and performance is evaluated. Furthermore, the applicability of current design methods is evaluated for anchorage systems in SFRC.
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| 8. |
- Nilforoush, Rasoul, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental Evaluation of Influence of Member Thickness, Anchor-Head Size, and Orthogonal Surface Reinforcement on the Tensile Capacity of Headed Anchors in Uncracked Concrete
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Structural Engineering. - : American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). - 0733-9445 .- 1943-541X. ; 144:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cast-in-place headed anchors with different head sizes embedded in plain and reinforced concrete members of various thicknesses were subjected to pullout tests. The influence of member thickness, size of the anchor head, and orthogonal surface reinforcement on the tensile capacity and performance of anchor bolts was evaluated. The member thickness varied from 1.5 to 3.0 times the anchor embedment depth and headed anchors with small, medium, and large heads were tested.The experimental results of the present study showed that increasing member thickness and/or the use of orthogonal surface reinforcement lead to increased anchorage capacity and anchorage ductility, whereas the anchorage stiffness decreases slightly. In contrast to the anchorage ductility, the tensile breakout resistance and the anchorage stiffness increase significantly with increasing size of the anchor head.The experimental results corresponded closely to numerical results from a previous study (Nilforoush et al. 2016 a & b), which suggested a modified model incorporating several modification factors for improving the predictive capability of the Concrete Capacity (CC) method. In the present study, these factors yielded improved prediction of the tensile breakout capacity of the tested headed anchors.
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| 9. |
- Nilforoush, Rasoul, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental evaluation of tensile behaviour of single cast-in-place anchor bolts in plain and steel fibre-reinforced normal- and high-strength concrete
- 2017
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Ingår i: Engineering structures. - : Elsevier. - 0141-0296 .- 1873-7323. ; 147, s. 195-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cast-in-place anchor bolts embedded in plain and steel fibre-reinforced normal- and high-strength concrete members were subjected to monotonic tensile loads. The influence of the concrete member thickness, concrete strength, and the addition of steel fibres to the concrete mixture, on the anchorage capacity and performance was evaluated. The experimental results were evaluated in terms of anchorage capacity, anchorage ductility and stiffness as well as failure mode and geometry. Furthermore, the validity of Concrete Capacity (CC) method for predicting the tensile breakout capacity of anchor bolts in plain and steel fibre-reinforced normal- and high-strength concrete members was evaluated.The anchorage capacity and ductility increased slightly with increasing member thickness, whereas the anchorage stiffness decreased slightly. In contrast to the anchorage ductility, the anchorage capacity and stiffness increased considerably with increasing concrete compressive strength. The anchorage capacity and ductility also increased significantly with the addition of steel fibres to the concrete mixtures. This enhanced capacity and ductility resulted from the improved flexural tensile strength and post-peak cracking behavior of steel fibre-reinforced concrete.The average ratio of measured strengths to those predicted by the CC method for anchors in plain concrete members was increased from 1.0 to 1.17 with increasing member thickness. In steel fibre-reinforced concrete, this ratio varied from 1.29 to 1.51, depending on the member thickness and the concrete strength.
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| 10. |
- Nilforoush, Rasoul, et al.
(författare)
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Fracture energy of concrete for bridge assessment
- 2020
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Ingår i: 1st IABSE Online Symposium 2020. - : International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE). ; , s. 692-699
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In numerical assessments of concrete bridges, the value of the concrete fracture energy GF plays an important role. However, mostly the fracture energy is only estimated based on the concrete compressive strength using empirical formulae. In order to study methods to determine the concrete fracture energy for existing bridges, tests were carried out on 55-year-old concrete from a bridge tested to failure in Kiruna in northern Sweden. Uniaxial tensile tests are performed on notched cylindrical concrete cores drilled out from this and other bridges. In the paper, different methods to determine the concrete fracture energy are discussed and recommendations are given for assessment procedures.
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