| 1. |
- Heller, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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The Relationship Between Physical Housing Characteristics, Housing Accessibility and Different Aspects of Health Among Community-Dwelling Older People : A Systematic Review
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Aging and Health. - : SAGE Publications Inc.. - 0898-2643 .- 1552-6887. ; 36:1-2, s. 120-132
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives : To synthesize the evidence on the relationships between physical housing characteristics or housing accessibility and different aspects of health among community-dwelling people 60 years and older. Methods : A systematic review of recent evidence with a narrative synthesis was conducted. Results : We included 15 studies and found three themes covering physical housing characteristics or housing accessibility that are associated with aspects of health among community-dwelling older adults: (1) interventions by home modifications targeting housing features both at entrances and indoors; (2) non-interventions targeting indoor features; (3) non-interventions targeting entrance features, that is, the presence of an elevator or stairs at the entrance. The overall quality of evidence across studies was assessed as very low. Discussion : The findings highlight the need for studies with a stronger research design and higher methodological quality that address the physical housing environment in relation to health among older adults to strengthen the body of evidence.
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| 2. |
- Lethin, Connie, et al.
(författare)
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Predicting caregiver burden in informal caregivers caring for persons with dementia living at home – A follow-up cohort study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Dementia. - London : Sage Publications. - 1471-3012 .- 1741-2684. ; 9:3, s. 640-660
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Longitudinal studies of caregiver burden when caring for persons with dementia living at home are sparse. The aim of the study was to identify factors associated with caregiver burden and predicting increased burden related to caregivers, persons with dementia and formal care. Data were collected through interviews with 1223 caregivers in eight European countries. Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed. Factors associated with caregiver burden included extensive informal care provision, decreased well-being and reduced quality of life for the caregiver and reduced cognition, decreased quality of life, severe neuropsychiatric symptoms and depression in the person with dementia and caregivers’ negative experience of quality of care. Factors predicting an increased burden were diminished caregiver well-being, severe neuropsychiatric symptoms of the person with dementia and caregivers’ negative perception of quality of care. The knowledge gained in this study may be useful in developing more adequate service systems and interventions to improve dementia care. © 2018, The Author(s) 2018.
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| 3. |
- Ljusbäck, Ann Margreth, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric properties of a modified self-rating version of the ADL taxonomy for people with Parkinson´s disease
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the reliability and validity of a modified self-rated version of the ADL taxonomy targeting personal activities of daily living (P-ADL) for people with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Background: People with PD develop ADL-difficulties early on. There is a need for a reliable and valid self-administered questionnaire targeting P-ADL. Methods: A postal survey was sent to 282 non-demented persons with PD; 191 responded of whom 158 (mean±SD age 70±9 years, 41% women, duration of disease 6±5.5 years) answered all items of the following questionnaires: the P-ADL taxonomy, the Parkinson’s disease Activities of Daily Living Scale (PADLS), the Visual Analogue Scale of the EuroQoL-5-Dimensions Questionnaire (EQ-5DVAS), as well as demographic questions. The P-ADL taxonomy was analysed regarding corrected item-total correlations, reliability (Cronbach’s alpha) and floor/ceiling effects; Spearman’s rho (rs) was used to explore external validity relative to the PADLS and EQ-5D-VAS. Results: Item-total correlations were above 0.5 and Cronbach’s alpha was 0.98. Floor effect was 15% and there was no ceiling effect. The P-ADL taxonomy correlated 0.75 with the PADLS and -0.63 with the EQ-5D VAS. Conclusions: In this PD sample, the modified and selfadministered version of the P-ADL taxonomy showed satisfying reliability and validity; these findings suggest a promising potential for use in clinical practice and research.
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| 4. |
- Schmidt, Steven M., et al.
(författare)
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Enabling Long-term Predictions and Cost-benefit Analysis Related to Housing Adaptation Needs for a Population Aging in Place : Protocol for a Simulation Study
- 2022
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Ingår i: JMIR Research Protocols. - : JMIR Publications Inc.. - 1929-0748. ; 11:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Policies that promote aging in place are common in Sweden and many other countries. However, the current housing stock cannot sufficiently accommodate a population aging in place considering how functional capacity and housing needs change as people age. To be suitable for all regardless of their functional ability, housing should be designed or adapted to facilitate the performance of activities of daily living. Long-term planning and plausible projections of development 20 to 30 years into the future are needed. Objective: The overall aim is to develop simulation models that enable long-term predictions and analysis of potential consequences in terms of societal gains and costs for different large-scale measures and interventions in the ordinary housing stock. Methods: This study is designed as a simulation study and will broadly apply health impact assessment methods in collaboration with five municipalities in Sweden. Individual interviews and research circles were used to identify current and prioritize potential new policies to improve the accessibility of the housing stock. We will run a series of simulations based on an estimated willingness to pay from discussions with the municipalities. Two to three different prioritized policies will be compared simultaneously using Markov cohort analysis to estimate the potential costs and health impact on the population. Using data from a systematic review and existing population-based data sets with individual-level data on home and health variables, we will calculate parameter estimates for the relations between housing accessibility and health outcomes. The potential impact of selected policy interventions will be estimated in several microsimulations representing people living in the community. Sensitivity analyses will be conducted for each simulation. Results: As of April 2022, open access data was collected, and a systematic review was underway and expected to be completed by November 2022. Collaboration with five municipalities was established in autumn 2020. In spring 2021, the municipalities developed a list of prioritized policy interventions to be tested and used in the simulation models. Inventories of barrier frequencies in ordinary housing started in spring 2022 and are expected to be completed in autumn 2022. Data gathering and analyses for simulation inputs will be completed during 2022 followed by the simulation modeling analyses to be completed in 2023. Conclusions: Improved accessibility of the ordinary housing stock has the potential to maintain or improve the health of the aging population. This study will generate tools that enable long-term predictions and reliable cost-benefit estimates related to the housing adaptation needs for a population aging in place, thus providing support for the best-informed policy decisions.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Björck, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Sjuksköterskans stöd till hemtjänstpersonal i samband med vård i livets slutskede : ur ett sjuksköterskeperspektiv
- 2016
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Äldre personer i ordinärt boende som befinner sig i livets slut har behov av palliativvård för att ges förutsättningar att leva med värdighet och välbefinnande. Hemtjänstpersonal är undersköterskor och vårdbiträde som till stora delar utförden praktiska omvårdanden vid vård i livets slut till äldre personer i ordinärt boende. Sjuksköterskan är ytterst ansvarig för att den äldre får den vård som behövs och har därmed också ett ansvar att ge personalen det stöd som behövs för god palliativvård. Syftet var att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vara ett stöd till hemtjänstpersonal i samband med allmän palliativ vård till äldre personer i livets slutskede. Datainsamlingen bestod av 19 individuella intervjuer som analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. I resultatet framkom kategorierna; Indirekt stöd och Direkt stöd. Det indirekta stödet handlade om att vara tillgänglig, att samverka med andra professioner och organisationer samt att kommunicera och bekräfta hemtjänstpersonalen. Det direkta stödet handlade om att vara delaktig i det direkta patientarbetet och att ”ta” svåra samtal med närstående. Det framkom att sjuksköterskan alltid upplever sig tillgänglig via telefon för hemtjänstpersonalen i samband med vård i livets slutskede. Något regelbundet strukturerat direkt eller indirekt stöd verkar inte till att förekomma i någon större utsträckning.
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| 7. |
- Bladh, Stina, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric performance of a generic walking scale (Walk-12G) in Multiple Sclerosis and Parkinson's disease
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurology. - Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 0340-5354 .- 1432-1459. ; 259:4, s. 729-738
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Walking difficulties are common in neurological and other disorders, as well as among the elderly. There is a need for reliable and valid instruments for measuring walking difficulties in everyday life since existing gait tests are clinician rated and focus on situation specific capacity. The Walk-12G was adapted from the 12-item multiple sclerosis walking scale as a generic patient-reported rating scale for walking difficulties in everyday life. The aim of this study is to examine the psychometric properties of the Walk-12G in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). The Walk-12G was translated into Swedish and evaluated qualitatively among 25 people with and without various neurological and other conditions. Postal survey (MS, n = 199; PD, n = 189) and clinical (PD, n = 36) data were used to test its psychometric properties. Respondents considered the Walk-12G relevant and easy to use. Mean completion time was 3.5 min. Data completeness was good (<5% missing item responses) and tests of scaling assumptions supported summing item scores to a total score (corrected item-total correlations >0.6). Coefficient alpha and test–retest reliabilities were >0.9, and standard errors of measurement were 2.3–2.8. Construct validity was supported by correlations in accordance with a priori expectations. Results are similar to those with previous Walk-12G versions, indicating that scale adaptation was successful. Data suggest that the Walk-12G meets rating scale criteria for clinical trials, making it a valuable complement to available gait tests. Further studies involving other samples and application of modern psychometric methods are warranted to examine the scale in more detail.
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| 8. |
- Bonde, Jens Peter Ellekilde, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational risk of COVID-19 related hospital admission in Denmark 2020–2021 : a follow-up study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - : Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - 0355-3140 .- 1795-990X. ; 49:1, s. 84-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Mounting evidence indicates increased risk of COVID-19 among healthcare personnel, but the evidence on risks in other occupations is limited. In this study, we quantify the occupational risk of COVID-19-related hospital admission in Denmark during 2020-2021.Methods: The source population included 2.4 million employees age 20-69 years. All information was retrieved from public registers. The risk of COVID-19 related hospital admission was examined in 155 occupations with at least 2000 employees (at-risk, N=1 620 231) referenced to a group of mainly office workers defined by a COVID-19 job exposure matrix (N=369 341). Incidence rate ratios (IRR) were computed by Poisson regression.Results: During 186 million person-weeks of follow-up, we observed 2944 COVID-19 related hospital admissions in at-risk occupations and 559 in referents. Adjusted risk of such admission was elevated in several occupations within healthcare (including health care assistants, nurses, medical practitioners and laboratory technicians but not physiotherapists or midwives), social care (daycare assistants for children aged 4-7, and nursing aides in institutions and private homes, but not family daycare workers) and transportation (bus drivers, but not lorry drivers). Most IRR in these at-risk occupations were in the range of 1.5-3. Employees in education, retail sales and various service occupations seemed not to be at risk.Conclusion: Employees in several occupations within and outside healthcare are at substantially increased risk of COVID-19. There is a need to revisit safety measures and precautions to mitigate viral transmission in the workplace during the current and forthcoming pandemics.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Boork, Magdalena, et al.
(författare)
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Sensory Evaluation of Lighting : A Methodological Pilot
- 2022
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Ingår i: LEUKOS The Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America. - : Taylor and Francis Ltd.. - 1550-2724 .- 1550-2716. ; 18:1, s. 66-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current standards for light environments are based on technical requirements, e.g. luminance, uniformity, and illuminance, and do not necessarily describe all parts of the light experience to ensure visual comfort from a user perspective. Including experience-related requirements would most likely yield better lighting comfort. To do that, new methods for specifying and measuring the user experience are needed. This paper describes a pilot study exploring a new method to analytically assess perceived lighting properties by using a trained human panel and thus make human assessments more objective. The methodology is built on established sensory methods, where the human senses are used in product assessments, traditionally applied within e.g. the food, packaging, and car industries. An analytical panel comprising eight persons fulfilling specific selection criteria were recruited and trained to assess lighting products in a multi-sensory laboratory. The results show that the panelists were able to assess lighting by distinguishing between attributes and products. Significant differences were identified between the different luminaires, both in terms of sensory and physical properties, e.g. readability and glare. Conclusively, analytical sensory methods can be applied to lighting to assess luminaires in a non-subjective way. Physical and sensory attributes do not, however, always co-vary, which shows that data from physical and sensory measuring methods provide complementary information about light quality. This knowledge may in turn be applied in tools supporting the communication between different professions in lighting design and procurement to promote light environments that are both energy efficient and desirable from an end-user perspective.
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