| 1. |
- Bergström, Petra, et al.
(author)
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Association of NFE2L2 and KEAP1 haplotypes with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
- 2014
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In: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis & frontotemporal degeneration. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2167-9223 .- 2167-8421. ; 15:1-2, s. 130-137
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a degenerative motor neuron syndrome influenced by oxidative stress. The transcription factor Nrf2 and its repressor Keap1 constitute an important defence system in cellular protection against oxidative stress. Here we hypothesize that common genetic variations in the genes NFE2L2 and KEAP1, encoding Nrf2 and Keap1, may influence the risk and phenotype of ALS. Five hundred and twenty-two Swedish patients with sporadic ALS (SALS) and 564 Swedish control subjects were studied. Eight tag SNPs in NFE2L2 and three tag SNPs in KEAP1 were genotyped by allelic discrimination and three functional NFE2L2 promoter SNPs were genotyped by sequencing. One NFE2L2 haplotype (GGGAC) was associated with decreased risk of SALS (OR = 0.62 per allele, p = 0.003) and one haplotype in KEAP1 (CGG) was associated with later SALS onset (+3.4 years per allele, p = 0.015). When stratified by subgroup, one haplotype in NFE2L2, GAGCAGA including three functional promoter SNPs associated with high Nrf2 protein expression, was associated with 4.0 years later disease onset per allele in subgroup ALS (p = 0.008). In conclusion, these results suggest that variations in NFE2L2 and KEAP1, encoding two central proteins in cellular oxidative stress defence, may influence SALS pathogenesis.
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| 2. |
- Lindström, Petra Nilsson, et al.
(author)
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Evaluating the usability of two salutogenic instruments on health and work experience, using cognitive interviewing
- 2018
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In: Journal of Workplace Behavioral Health. - : Routledge. - 1555-5240 .- 1555-5259. ; 33:3-4, s. 241-259
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Workplace surveys are used in workplace health promotion as a basis for improvements at the workplace. But there is lack of psychometrically and qualitatively validated work-health related instruments with a salutogenic approach. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to evaluate the two instruments, the Salutogenic Health Indicator Scale and the Work Experience Measurement Scale, among staff of different professions in a healthcare setting. These instruments were evaluated with cognitive interviews conducted at a hospital in Sweden. The respondents were purposefully selected from various criteria such as profession, age, and sex (N = 14). The respondents read the items aloud and then spoke about how they experienced the items. A deductive (partly inductive) content analysis was done from Tourangeau's four concepts of respondent actions: comprehension, retrieval, judgment, and response. Two main categories emerged: (1) interpreting and (2) responding, and an additional six subcategories: difficulty, essence, direction, keywords, strategy, and alternatives. The results showed strengths and weaknesses of the instruments. The results were discussed from various validity aspects: face validity, content validity, and user validity. The validity aspects were connected to concepts of respondent actions as well as to questionnaire and respondent factors for motivation.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Nilsson, Petra, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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Development and quality analysis of the Work Experience Measurement Scale (WEMS)
- 2010
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In: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 35:2, s. 153-161
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Instruments related to work are commonly illuminated from an ill-health perspective. The need for a concise and useable instrument in workplace health promotion governed the aim of this paper which is to present the development process and quality assessment of the Work Experience Measurement Scale (WEMS). A survey, using a questionnaire based on established theories regarding work and health, and a focus group study were performed in hospital settings in 2005 and 2006 respectively. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to statistically develop a model, and focus group interviews were made to compare quantitative and qualitative results for convergence and corroboration. The PCA resulted in a six factor model of dimensions containing items regarding management, reorganization, internal work experience, pressure of time, autonomy and supportive working conditions. In the analysis of the focus group study three themes appeared and their underlying content was compared to, and matched, with the dimensions of the PCA. The reliability, shown by weighted kappa values, ranged from 0.36 to 0.71, and adequate Cronbach's Alpha values of the dimensions were all above 0.7. The study validity, indicated by discriminant validity, with correlation values that ranged from 0.10 to 0.39, in relation to the content validity appeared to be good when the theoretical content of the WEMS was compared to the content of similar instruments. The WEMS presents a multidimensional picture of work experience. Its theoretical base and the psychometric properties give support for applicability and offer a possibility to measure trends in the work experience over time in health care settings. One intention of the WEMS is to stimulate the ability of organizations and the employees themselves to take action on improving their work experience. The conciseness of the instrument is intended to increase its usability.
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| 5. |
- Nilsson, Petra, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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How to make a workplace health promotion questionnaire process applicable, meaningful, and sustainable
- 2011
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In: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 19:7, s. 906-914
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background In workplace health promotion, a questionnaire could be of great use. Unfortunately, fatigue regarding answering questionnaires has recently become greater than before. An action research approach could be a possible way of increasing employee participation.Aim This study reports an attempt to explore key aspects for participation in, and commitment to, a workplace health promotion questionnaire process.Method The study was conducted at two wards in a Swedish hospital. Data was collected during an action research process. Data were analysed with regard to a framework of questions.Findings The three key aspects for participation in, and commitment to, a workplace health promotion questionnaire process were: an applicable questionnaire, a meaningful questionnaire process and a continuous and sustainable questionnaire process. A structure is presented as practical advice to managers, describing how such a process could be established to be applicable, meaningful and sustainable.Conclusion This study has identified key aspects and prerequisites for questionnaire processes. The prerequisites – share decision-making, involve a core group and follow a structure – are discussed and proposed for managers and workgroups to consider in further workplace health promotion questionnaire processes.Implications for nursing management The key aspects and prerequisites presented could provide a stimulating standpoint or advice, useful for planning and accomplishing workplace questionnaire processes.
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| 6. |
- Nilsson, Petra, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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The work experience measurement scale (WEMS) : a useful tool in workplace health promotion
- 2013
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In: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 45:3, s. 379-387
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To present validity data for the Work Experience Measurement Scale (WEMS), an instrument measuring multifaceted work experience from a salutogenic health resource perspective as a contrast to the more common pathogenic risk perspective, by exploring WEMS relationship to established measurements that are positively related to health and work. A salutogenic perspective focuses on finding conditions and resources in life, for example at work, that can enhance the individual's health and strength, instead of those causing illness and weakness.METHOD: This study was carried out in 2009 at a Swedish hospital with a web-based survey (WEMS) to 770 employees. Different occupational groups at the hospital participated. Additional questionnaires used at the same time were the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9), the Salutogenic Health Indicator Scale (SHIS), the General Self-Efficacy scale (GSE), and three questions about self-rated health, general well-being, and quality of life.RESULTS: Cronbach's Alpha of WEMS sub-indices were in the interval of 0.85—0.96. Convergent validity and discriminant validity of WEMS and its sub-indices were shown to be satisfying by correlations. In addition, WEMS demonstrated the ability to discriminate between groups. WEMS sub-indices discriminated even better between groups than the total index.CONCLUSION: The WEMS proved to be a workplace health promotion questionnaire that was able to measure experiences of work from a salutogenic perspective. The WEMS has a potential of being a useful tool in workplace health promotion to enhance positive human capabilities and resources to improve work performance.
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| 7. |
- Alenius, Sara, et al.
(author)
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Development and quality assessment of the psychometric properties of the Self-Efficacy in Lifestyle Counselling scale (SELC 20 + 20) using Rasch analysis
- 2024
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In: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. - : BioMed Central Ltd.. - 1477-7525. ; 22:1, s. 15
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Många livsstilssjukdomar kan förebyggas och behandlas genom hälsosammalevnadsvanor. De levnadsvanor som har störst inverkan på hälsan inkluderar matvanor, tobaksbruk, alkoholkonsumtion och fysisk aktivitet. Socialstyrelsen kräver att all vårdpersonal, vid varje vårdmöte, ska erbjuda patienter samtal om deras levnadsvanor, men forskning visar att enbart 30% av alla patienter i Sverige får detta erbjudande. En orsak till detta är att vårdpersonal inte känner sig rustade för samtal om levnadsvanor. Tidigare studier antyder att utbildning om levnadsvanor skulle kunna ge bättre förutsättningar för vårdpersonal och leda till att fler patienter erbjuds samtal om levnadsvanor. Syftet med den här studien var att utveckla ett frågeformulär som mäter tilltro till egen kunskap och förmåga att samtala med patienter om levnadsvanor, samt kvalitetstesta dess mätegenskaper. Grundat på ett redan existerande frågeformulär, nationella riktlinjer och 18 intervjuer medsjuksköterskestudenter, lärare, kliniker och experter inom området levnadsvanor, utvecklades ett frågeformulär. Denna besvarades sedan av 310 sjuksköterskestudenter, och dess mätegenskaper analyserades. Resultatet visar att frågeformuläret är lätt att förstå och har goda mätegenskaper. Det har god reliabilitet för gruppanvändning, svarsalternativen fungerar som förväntat och det finns inga systematiska skillnader i hur frågeformuläret besvaras. Teoretisk kunskap och praktisk förmåga visade sig vara två olika delar, där teoretisk kunskap är en förutsättning för praktisk förmåga att samtala om levnadsvanor. Vår förhoppning är att frågeformuläret i framtiden ska kunna användas i vårdutbildningar och i klinisk verksamhet för att utvärdera utbildningsinsatser kring samtal om levnadsvanor. BACKGROUND: Globally as well as in Sweden, diseases that are caused by unhealthy lifestyle habits are the most common causes of death and disability. Even though there are guidelines that oblige all health-care professionals to counsel patients about lifestyle, studies have shown that it is not prioritized within healthcare. One reason for this among nurses has been shown to be lack of confidence in knowledge and counselling skills. This study aimed to develop, and quality assess the psychometric properties of an instrument to measure self-efficacy in lifestyle counselling. METHODS: An instrument inspired by an American instrument, following Bandura's recommendations for development of self-efficacy measures, was developed according to Swedish national guidelines for disease-prevention. The instrument was revised after cognitive interviews with nursing students, university teachers within health sciences, and clinical experts, then administrated to 310 nursing students at different levels in their education. The instrument was tested with Rasch Measurement Theory, with focus on dimensionality, local dependency, targeting, reliability, response category functioning, Rasch model fit, and differential item functioning by age, gender, educational level and previous health care education. RESULTS: The development of the instrument resulted in 20+20 items, 20 items about self-efficacy in knowledge, and 20 items about self-efficacy in ability to counsel persons about their lifestyle. The analyses showed that knowledge and ability are two different, but related, constructs, where ability is more demanding than knowledge. The findings provide support (considering dimensionality and local dependency) for that all 20 items within the knowledge construct as well as the 20 items within the ability construct can be summed, achieving two separate but related total scores, where knowledge (reliability 0.81) is a prerequisite for ability (reliability 0.84). Items represented lower self-efficacy than reported by the respondents. Response categories functioned as expected, Rasch model fit was acceptable, and there was no differential item functioning. CONCLUSIONS: The SELC 20 + 20 was found to be easy to understand with an acceptable respondent burden and the instrument showed good measurement properties.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Kjölhede, Preben, et al.
(author)
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The Impact of Quality of Sleep on Recovery from Fast-Track Abdominal Hysterectomy
- 2012
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In: Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine (JCSM). - : American Academy of Sleep Medicine. - 1550-9389 .- 1550-9397. ; 8:4, s. 395-402
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Study Objectives: To examine the impact of mode of anesthesia on perceived quality of sleep and to analyze the perceived quality of sleep in affecting recovery from surgery. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethods: A randomized, controlled, open multicenter trial was conducted in 5 hospitals in Southeast Sweden. One-hundred eighty women scheduled for fast-track abdominal hysterectomy for benign conditions were randomized to spinal anesthesia or general anesthesia; 162 women completed the trial; 82 allocated to spinal anesthesia and 80 to general anesthesia. Symptoms and perceived quality of sleep after surgery were registered daily in the Swedish Postoperative Symptoms Questionnaire. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults: Women in the general anesthesia group experienced bad quality of sleep the night after surgery significantly more often than the women who had spinal anesthesia (odds ratio [OR] 2.45; p = 0.03). This was almost exclusively attributed to a significantly higher consumption of opioids postoperatively in the general anesthesia group. Risk factors for bad quality of sleep during the first night postoperatively were: opioids (OR 1.07; p = 0.03); rescue antiemetics (OR 2.45; p = 0.05); relative weight gain (OR 1.47; p = 0.04); summary score of postoperative symptoms (OR 1.13; p = 0.02); and stress coping capacity (OR 0.98; p = 0.01). A longer hospital stay was strongly associated with a poorer quality of sleep the first night postoperatively (p = 0.002). less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusions: The quality of sleep the first night after abdominal hysterectomy is an important factor for recovery. In fast-track abdominal hysterectomy, it seems important to use anesthesia and multimodal analgesia reducing the need for opioids postoperatively and to use strategies that diminish other factors that may interfere negatively with sleep. Efforts to enhance quality of sleep postoperatively by means of preventive measures and treatment of sleep disturbances should be included in fast-track programs.
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