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Sökning: WFRF:(Nilsson Ulrika) > (2010-2014) > Umeå universitet

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1.
  • Axelsson, Sara, et al. (författare)
  • Determination of resin acids during production of wood pellets-a comparison of HPLC/ESI-MS with the GC/FID MDHS 83/2 method
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Monitoring. - Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1464-0325 .- 1464-0333. ; 13:10, s. 2940-2945
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Resin acids are constituents of natural and technical products of widespread use. Exposure is known to cause health effects in the airways and on the skin. Liquid chromatography/positive ion electrospray-mass spectrometry (HPLC/pos ESI-MS) was investigated for determination of 7-oxodehydroabietic (7-OXO), dehydroabietic (DHAA) and abietic acid (AA) in wood dust-containing air samples as a derivatisation-free alternative to the GC/FID HSE method 83/2, developed by the Health and Safety Executive UK. The resin acid 7-OXO was measured as a marker for oxidised resin acids, which are known to be the main contact allergens in colophonium. The found detection limits were 0.42 ng m(-3) for 7-OXO, 5.2 ng m(-3) for DHAA and 9.4 ng m(-3) for AA, respectively, which are considerably lower than with the GC/FID method (24, 115 and 89 ng m(-3)). The two methods correlated well, although consistently and significantly lower concentrations of 7-OXO were detected with LC/MS. The higher concentration of this compound with MDHS 83/2 is suggested to be an artefact from the derivatisation step in the presence of soluble wood dust remains.
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2.
  • Dedicova, Beata, et al. (författare)
  • Effect of Cryopreservation on Growth of Different Elite Embryogenic Cell Lines of Norway Spruce (Picea Abies (L.) Karst.)
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: International Symposium on Cryopreservation in Horticultural Species. - : International Society for Horticultural Science. - 9789066054707 ; 908, s. 203-206
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Callus from seven different elite embryogenic cell lines of Norway spruce originated from the controlled crossing conducted by Skogforsk (Forest Research Institute of Sweden) have been cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen using the slow freezing method with sorbitol (0.2 and 0.4 M) and DMSO (5% v/v) as cryoprotectants. Cooloing of samples was performed in a programmable freezer Cryo Med 7452. The cryovials were inserted at +4 degrees C and frozen at -0.3 degrees C/min to -16 degrees C. After 15 min at -16 degrees C, to avoid rapid cooling and crystal formation in the cells, the cryovials were further cooled to -35 degrees C at -0.3 degrees C/min. At the end of the freezing program the cryovials were transferred and stored in a CBS V1500 liquid nitrogen storage unit at -196 degrees C. After thawing and plating on proliferation medium, the recovered cells showed a short lag phase, after which they continued to grow. Lags in growth were also observed after the transfer to pre-maturation and maturation media. Somatic embryo maturation and plantlet regeneration occurred in all the tested embryogenic lines.
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3.
  • Englund, Undis, 1957-, et al. (författare)
  • Active commuting reduces the risk of wrist fractures in middle-aged women : the UFO study
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer. - 0937-941X .- 1433-2965. ; 24:2, s. 533-540
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Middle-aged women with active commuting had significantly lower risk for wrist fracture than women commuting by car/bus.INTRODUCTION: Our purpose was to investigate whether a physically active lifestyle in middle-aged women was associated with a reduced risk of later sustaining a low-trauma wrist fracture.METHODS: The Umeå Fracture and Osteoporosis (UFO) study is a population-based nested case-control study investigating associations between lifestyle and fragility fractures. From a cohort of ~35,000 subjects, we identified 376 female wrist fracture cases who had reported data regarding their commuting habits, occupational, and leisure physical activity, before they sustained their fracture. Each fracture case was compared with at least one control drawn from the same cohort and matched for age and week of reporting data, yielding a total of 778 subjects. Mean age at baseline was 54.3 ± 5.8 years, and mean age at fracture was 60.3 ± 5.8 years.RESULTS: Conditional logistic regression analysis with adjustments for height, body mass index, smoking, and menopausal status showed that subjects with active commuting (especially walking) were at significantly lower risk of sustaining a wrist fracture (OR 0.48; 95 % CI 0.27-0.88) compared with those who commuted by car or bus. Leisure time activities such as dancing and snow shoveling were also associated with a lower fracture risk, whereas occupational activity, training, and leisure walking or cycling were unrelated to fracture risk.CONCLUSION: This study suggests that active commuting is associated with a lower wrist fracture risk, in middle-aged women.
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4.
  • Englund, Undis, 1957-, et al. (författare)
  • Physical activity in middle-aged women and hip fracture risk : the UFO study
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-941X .- 1433-2965. ; 22:2, s. 499-505
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Summary: In a population-based case-control study, we demonstrate that middle-aged women who were active with walking or in different physical spare time activities were at lower risk of later sustaining a hip fracture compared to more sedentary women.Introduction: In middle-aged women participating in the Umeå Fracture and Osteoporosis (UFO) study, we investigated whether physical activity is associated with a subsequent decreased risk of sustaining a hip fracture.Methods: The UFO study is a nested case-control study investigating associations between bone markers, lifestyle, and osteoporotic fractures. We identified 81 female hip fracture cases that had reported lifestyle data before they sustained their fracture. Each case was compared with two female controls who were identified from the same cohort and matched for age and week of reporting data, yielding a total cohort of 237 subjects. Mean age at baseline was 57.2 ± 5.0 years, and mean age at fracture was 65.4 ± 6.4 years.Results: Conditional logistic regression analysis with adjustments for height, weight, smoking, and menopausal status showed that subjects who were regularly active with walking or had a moderate or high frequency of physical spare time activities (i.e. berry/mushroom picking and snow shovelling) were at reduced risk of sustaining a hip fracture (OR 0.14; 95% CI; 0.05–0.53 for walking and OR 0.19; 95% CI; 0.08–0.46, OR 0.17, 95% CI; 0.05–0.64 for moderate and high frequency of spare time activities, respectively) compared to more sedentary women.Conclusion: An active lifestyle in middle age seems to reduce the risk of future hip fracture. Possible mechanisms may include improved muscle strength, coordination, and balance resulting in a decreased risk of falling and perhaps also direct skeletal benefits.
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5.
  • Eriksson, Hanna, et al. (författare)
  • Low level of education is associated with later stage at diagnosis and reduced survival in cutaneous malignant melanoma : A nationwide population-based study in Sweden
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer. - Oxford : Elsevier. - 0959-8049 .- 1879-0852. ; 49:12, s. 2705-2716
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND:A worse outcome has been reported for cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) patients with low socioeconomic status. We have investigated the association between level of education, clinical stage at diagnosis (stage at diagnosis) and CMM-specific survival in Sweden.METHODS:We identified 27,235 patients from the Swedish Melanoma Register diagnosed with a primary invasive CMM between 1990 and 2007 and linked data to nationwide, population-based, health and census registers with a follow-up to 2010.RESULTS:The odds ratio (OR) of higher disease stage at diagnosis was significantly increased in lower education groups (OR stage II versus I=1.6; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.5-1.7. OR stage III-IV versus I=2.3; 95% CI=1.8-2.9). The risk of dying of CMM, was significantly increased in patients with low (hazard ratio (HR) low versus high=2.02; 95% CI=1.80-2.26; p<0.0001) and intermediate (HR intermediate versus high=1.35; 95% CI=1.20-1.51; p<0.0001) level of education. After adjustment for age, gender, stage at diagnosis and other known prognostic factors, the HRs remained significant for low versus high (HR=1.13; 95% CI=1.01-1.27; p=0.04) but not for intermediate versus high (HR=1.11; 95% CI=0.99-1.24; p=0.08) education. The HR associated with low level of education was significantly higher among female patients, patients <55years, patients with truncal tumours and during the first 5years after diagnosis.CONCLUSION:Lower level of education is associated with reduced CMM-specific survival, which may at least partially be attributed to a more advanced stage at diagnosis. These results emphasise the need for improved early detection strategies.
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6.
  • Harmenberg, Ulrika, et al. (författare)
  • Curative radiation therapy in prostate cancer.
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - : Informa Healtcare. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 50:Suppl 1, s. 98-103
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Radiotherapy has experienced an extremely rapid development in recent years. Important improvements such as the introduction of multileaf collimators and computed tomography (CT)-based treatment planning software have enabled three dimensional conformal external beam radiation therapy (3DCRT). The development of treatment planning systems and technology for brachytherapy has been very rapid as well. Development of accelerators with integrated on-board imaging equipment and technology, for example image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) has further improved the precision with reduced margins to adjacent normal tissues. This has, in turn, led to the possibility to administer even higher doses to the prostate than previously. Although radiotherapy and radical prostatectomy have been used for the last decades as curative treatment modalities, still there are no randomized trials published comparing these two options. Outcome data show that the two treatment modalities are highly comparable when used for low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer.
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7.
  • Jansson, K. Ulrika, et al. (författare)
  • Length and classification of natural and created forest edges in boreal landscapes throughout northern Sweden
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Forest Ecology and Management. - : Elsevier. - 0378-1127 .- 1872-7042. ; 262:3, s. 461-469
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Forest edges have numerous implications for structure and function of forest ecosystems. Previous studies on edge quantity have used broad classifications. However, edge influence is driven by the contrast in vegetation structure between adjoining ecosystems, and thus we need detailed site-specific data to assess the role of edges in forests. We studied the variability of sharp edges in 28 boreal landscapes (4 km × 4 km) across an 830 km gradient throughout northern Sweden. Our objectives were: (1) to compare the length of natural and created edges, (2) to classify edges in detail by edge origin, maintenance and forest attributes, and (3) to examine relationships between length of edge and landscape variables. Data were collected using stereo-interpretation of high spatial resolution colour infrared aerial photographs, in combination with line intersect sampling and plots. The length of edge varied from 12 to 102 m ha−1 among landscapes, with an overall mean of 54 m ha−1. Created edges dominated most landscapes (mean 33 m ha−1) and had greater variability than natural edges (mean 21 m ha−1). Maintained edges (e.g. roads, agricultural land) were more abundant than regenerating edges caused by logging. Thirty percent of total edges adjoined narrow linear features. Seventy percent adjoined wider patches and showed high variability (35 classes). Overall, high-contrast edges towards mature forest dominated, i.e. ones that may experience strong edge influence. The amount of edge increased with percent of landscape affected by disturbance, and decreased with latitude and elevation. This study shows that edges are both abundant and highly variable in boreal forests and that forestry is the main driver behind edge creation. Detailed classification of edges based on site-specific forest and patch attributes may help to estimate edge influence at landscape level, and can guide experimental design for examining the impact of edges on structure and function of forest ecosystems.
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8.
  • Jung, Bärbel, et al. (författare)
  • Mechanical bowel preparation does not affect the intramucosal bacterial colony count
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Colorectal Disease. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0179-1958 .- 1432-1262. ; 25:4, s. 439-442
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine if mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) influences the intramucosal bacterial colony count in the colon. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Macroscopically normal colon mucosa was collected from 37 patients (20 with and 17 without MBP) who were undergoing elective colorectal surgery at three hospitals. The biopsies were processed and cultured in the same laboratory. Colony counts of the common pathogens Escherichia coli and Bacteroides as well as of total bacteria were conducted. The study groups were comparable with regard to age, gender, antibiotics use, diagnosis and type of resection. RESULTS: MBP did not influence the median colony count of E. coli, Bacteroides or total bacteria in our study. CONCLUSIONS: MBP did not affect the intramucosal bacterial count in this study. Further studies are suggested to confirm these findings.
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9.
  • Leenders, Max, et al. (författare)
  • Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Mortality European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 178:4, s. 590-602
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this study, the relation between fruit and vegetable consumption and mortality was investigated within the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition. Survival analyses were performed, including 451,151 participants from 10 European countries, recruited between 1992 and 2000 and followed until 2010. Hazard ratios, rate advancement periods, and preventable proportions to respectively compare risk of death between quartiles of consumption, to estimate the period by which the risk of death was postponed among high consumers, and to estimate proportions of deaths that could be prevented if all participants would shift their consumption 1 quartile upward. Consumption of fruits and vegetables was inversely associated with all-cause mortality (for the highest quartile, hazard ratio = 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86, 0.94), with a rate advancement period of 1.12 years (95% CI: 0.70, 1.54), and with a preventable proportion of 2.95%. This association was driven mainly by cardiovascular disease mortality (for the highest quartile, hazard ratio = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.77, 0.93). Stronger inverse associations were observed for participants with high alcohol consumption or high body mass index and suggested in smokers. Inverse associations were stronger for raw than for cooked vegetable consumption. These results support the evidence that fruit and vegetable consumption is associated with a lower risk of death.
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10.
  • Lindblom, Ulrika, et al. (författare)
  • Radiation-induced trismus in the ARTSCAN head and neck trial.
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1651-226X .- 0284-186X. ; 53:5, s. 620-627
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Trismus, a well-known sequelae after treatment of head and neck cancer, decreases a patient's oral function and quality of life. The main objectives of this study were to: 1) investigate the long-term prevalence of radiation-induced trismus in patients treated for head and neck cancer according to two different fractionation schedules; and 2) model a dose-response relationship for trismus. Material and methods. Patients were recruited from the Swedish ARTSCAN trial, a prospective randomised multicentre study comparing conventional and accelerated fractionation. A total of 124 patients agreed to a clinical ENT examination 21-127 months (median 66 months) after beginning radiation therapy. Trismus-related scores were assessed using the EORTC H&N35 Quality of Life questionnaire. The TheraBite(®) range of motion scale was used to measure maximal interincisal distance. The dose-response relationship for structures important for mastication and the temporomandibular joints was investigated by normal tissue complication probability modelling. Results. No significant differences in patient-reported trismus or maximal interincisal distance were found between the two trial arms. Patient-reported moderate to high scores regarding trismus increased from 3% at the start of radiation therapy to 25% at the long-term follow-up. Maximal interincisal distance correlated significantly with patient-reported scores of trismus. The best dose-response fit to the endpoint data was found for the dose to the ipsilateral masseter. Conclusions. Trismus is a persistent complication after radiotherapy with 3D-conformal radiation therapy. We found no difference between the severity and prevalence of trismus between conventional and accelerated fractionation, but a significant correlation between the absorbed dose to the mastication structures and opening of the mouth. Further prospective studies may determine whether a reduced dose to structures important for mastication using intensity-modulated radiation therapy will reduce problems with trismus.
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