| 1. |
- Eriksson, Dennis, et al.
(författare)
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Overview and Breeding Strategies of Table Potato Production in Sweden and the Fennoscandian Region
- 2016
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Ingår i: Potato Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0014-3065 .- 1871-4528. ; 59, s. 279-294
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent reductions in the public commitment to potato breeding in Sweden, Norway and Finland call for an evaluation of the current situation regarding the commercial basis for, and structure of, potato breeding in these countries. We here review the extent of cultivation, processing and consumption of table potato in Sweden, as well as provide an overview of the potato breeding tools and programmes in the three countries. We then discuss various strategies to provide long-term stability and increase the impact of public potato breeding, based on the similar overall conditions for potato cultivation across the Fennoscandian region. The conclusions are twofold; first, an increased long-term funding of the public potato breeding programmes is necessary to maintain a minimum level of material, and second, a coordination of the breeding activities in the Fennoscandian region would be of great benefit to all involved stakeholders and allow an enhancement of the current national breeding programmes. In addition, we propose a minimum first field year population size for potato breeding.
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| 2. |
- Zoteyeva, Nadezhda, et al.
(författare)
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Late blight and virus host-plant resistances, crossing ability and glycoalkaloids in Nordic potato germplasm
- 2017
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Ingår i: Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Soil and Plant Science. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0906-4710 .- 1651-1913. ; 67, s. 628-636
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Old potato cultivars from the Nordic Genetic Resource Center (NordGen) and advanced breeding clones from the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) were evaluated for susceptibility to Potato Virus Y (PVY) and Potato Leafroll Virus (PLRV), foliar and tuber resistance to late blight - caused by Phytophthora infestans - as well as for glycoalkaloid content and crossing ability. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbant Assay (ELISA) tests were used for PVY and PLRV screening during two years that were characterized by intensive virus incidence and severity in the field, while foliar and tuber resistances to late blight were assessed under artificial inoculation with an aggressive Swedish isolate of P. infestans. Hybrid seeds were obtained by crossing cultivars such as Kiva', Sarpo Mira', Rosamunda' and Superb' with SLU advanced breeding clones and a selected clone of Solanum tuberosum Group Andigena. Some cultivars (Harek', Sarpo Mira') and breeding clones (04-2662, 04-2085) with late blight resistance did not show virus infection. The -solanin and -chaconin contents of some of the old Nordic potato cultivars and breeding clones were similar to the known Dutch table cultivar Bintje' after 3 years of testing. This research allows identification of promising Nordic potato cultivars and SLU breeding clones for further use in developing germplasm aiming at organic and conventional farming systems.
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| 3. |
- Carlson-Nilsson, Ulrika
(författare)
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Facilitation of introgressive hybridization of wild polyploid mexican potato species using DNA markers of R genes and of different cytoplasmic types
- 2017
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Ingår i: Agricultural biology. - : Sel'skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya Editorial Office (SBEO), NPO. - 2412-0324. ; 52, s. 964-975
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nowadays potato breeding is targeting to develop genetically divers high yielding varieties with multiple pathogen resistance traits. Interspecific hybridization jointed with marker-Assistantselection (MAS) can effectively combine the R genes from different resistance sources. Additionally to effective pyramiding the target genes, MAS allows to restrict introgression of genetic factors conferring the undesirable traits, for example, male sterility of interspecific hybrids associated with Solanum stoloniferum-derived W/gamma cytoplasm that complicate the traditional breeding. Current study is targeting to search for the opportunities to improve the efficiency of introgressive hybridization between common potato and Mexican polyploid species Solanum. neoantipoviczii (=S. stoloniferum) and S. guerreroense using MAS with DNA markers for different cytoplasmic types and markers associated with major R-genes to the most harmful potato pathogens. DNA-based markers of genes for late blight resistance (R2 like, R3a, Rpi-blb1, Rpi-sto1), for extreme resistance to Potato virus Y (PVY) (Ryadg, Rysto, Ry-fsto) and for H1 gene for resistance to the root cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis, pathotype Ro1) were used in this study. Based on the MAS, hybrid genotypes with different combinations of these markers were selected. Among them, there were the clones with high field resistance to late blight and to PVY. Of 29 hybrid clones from different combinations of crossing with polyploid Mexican species used as the maternal forms, 15 had a W/α cytoplasmic type and were male sterile; both these traits were maternally inherited. The remaining hybrids with W/γ cytoplasm produced fertile pollen and were used in interspecific crosses as pollinators. Selection of resistant clones with W/alpha cytoplasm and elimination of genotypes with sterile W/γ cytoplasm among wild species germplasm could increase the probability of obtaining male fertile introgressive lines. This approach allows to obtain the multi-species hybrid genotypes that combine R genes for resistance to pathogens from different Mexican species and to avoid various types of male sterility in breeding. The joint use of two systems of DNA markers, i.e. nuclear markers associated to R genes, and cytoplasmic markers for male sterility factors, could reduce costs and increase efficiency of target gene pyramiding programs.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Lenman, Marit, et al.
(författare)
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Effector-driven marker development and cloning of resistance genes against Phytophthora infestans in potato breeding clone SW93-1015
- 2016
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Ingår i: TAG Theoretical and Applied Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0040-5752 .- 1432-2242. ; 129, s. 105-115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phytophthora infestans is one of the most devastating plant pathogens worldwide. We have earlier found that the SW93-1015 potato breeding clone has an efficient resistance against P. infestans under field conditions in Sweden, which has an unusually high local diversity of the pathogen. This potato clone has characteristics that are different from classical R-gene-mediated resistance such as elevated levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) under controlled conditions. Analysis of 76 F1 potato progenies from two individual crosses resulted in nearly 50 % resistant clones, from both crosses. This result suggests that the SW93-1015 clone has a simplex genotype for this trait. Screening with over 50 different P. infestans effectors, containing the conserved motif RXLR (for Arg, any amino acid, Leu, Arg), revealed a specific response to Avr2, which suggests that SW93-1015 might contain a functional homolog of the R2 resistance gene. We cloned eight R2 gene homologs from SW93-1015, whereof seven have not been described before and one gene encoded a protein identical to Rpi-ABPT. Expression of this gene in potato cultivar D,sir,e provided R2-specific resistance, whereas other homologues did not. Using RNAseq analyses we designed a new DNA marker for the R2 resistance in SW93-1015. In summary, we have demonstrated the use of effector screening in practical breeding material and revealed the key resistance mechanism for SW93-1015.
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