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| 2. |
- Johansson, Folke, 1943, et al.
(författare)
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G-FORS Governance for Sustainability: National Report Sweden
- 2008
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Ingår i: http://www.gfors.eu/58.0.html.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Summary: the SEA Case The Swedish SEA case is a study of the implementation of the EU-directive 2001/42/EC in Göteborg. The study is focusing on Göteborg municipality’s strategic environmental assessment (SEA) of its comprehensive land use plan, ÖPXX. There are several reasons why this particular case is suitable as a part of the GFORS-project. First, the SEA in Göteborg is not finished, but is still under development. This facilitates the collection of empirical data regarding reflexive knowledge, since reflexive knowledge is a fleeting phenomenon that does not usually last over an extended period of time. The case is also suitable because it may be considered a critical case. The study employs process-tracing and builds on a number of different methodological approaches: document studies, interviews, and participating observation of relevant meetings. This combination of methods allows for an analysis of the governance mode and the degree to which reflexive knowledge has been generated throughout the process. The results indicate that the Swedish SEA is developed mainly through a hierarchical governance mode, even though there are elements of networks and markets. There are signs of reflexive knowledge occurring, in the work process as well as in the SEA document. The accumulation of reflexive knowledge does not seem to be correlated with any specific governance mode, however. To conclude, it is quite possible that the Swedish SEA promotes a sustainable development; it is largely comprehensive, well aggregated, and consistent. Also, there have not been any major legitimacy problems during the SEA process. G-FORS National Reports: Sweden Summary: The Particulate Matter Case The Air Quality Framework Directive from 1996 and the following updates has been implemented into the Swedish Environmental Code (SFS 1998:808) as well as the Environmental Quality Norms, EQN (prop. 2000/01:130 and prop. 2004/05:150) and the ordinance on Environmental Quality Norms on Outdoor Air (SFS 2001:527). The areas most affected by PM10 emissions are the three largest cities Stockholm, Gothenburg and Malmö (in the order of size), and the efforts to control the PM matters have primarily been centered around the establishment around a Measurement Program in order to control and reduce the emissions. As Stockholm was experimenting with a new system with car-congestion fees in 2006, we decided that it would be unwise to select this case for a closer study, as the Stockholm case was too interwoven into governmental bargaining politics, and regional future planning politics. Malmö was also less suitable for selection, as a great deal of its emissions originates from long-distance emissions. Gothenburg was more of an ideal-case, according to the national judicial description of the problem as well as the solutions. PM10 levels started to be measured in Gothenburg at the early 1990s, and soon it was realized that several places exceeded the EQNs. The National Environmental Protection Agency, SEPA, decided that a Measurement Program should be produced by the municipality of Göteborg. Such a program was deliberated and handed into the SEPA by June 2003, but it was rejected as several of the measures were not within the municipal mandate (such as a ban on studded tires and car-tolls). In 2006, the government demanded a new version of the Measurement Program, which finally was settled in May 2006. The action arenas are of a hierarchical multi-level character, where the Government acts through a) the Ministry of Environment, b) the SEPA, and c) the County Administration of Västra Götaland. The local level acts primarily through the municipality of Gothenburg, but in close collaboration with the neighboring municipalities and the County Administration. The actors involved have primarily been bureaucrats at various levels, and politicians to a lesser extent. Representatives for voluntary organizations have been close to totally absent, a few consultants have participated in the process, but primarily as deliverers of data rather than as policy makers. Even when the media discusses the PM emissions, they rather echo the decisions taken by the administrative authorities, rather than echoing any opinion movement. Knowledge does anyhow feed into the process through the bureaucrats at all levels; they pay attention to various types of reports produced in other municipalities as well as by national and international researchers.
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| 4. |
- Sandstig, Gabriella, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Förtroendet för rättsväsendet 1986 - 2011
- 2012
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Ingår i: I framtidens skugga / Annika Bergström, Lennart Weibull och Henrik Oscarsson (red.). - Göteborg : University of Gothenburg. - 9789189673243 ; , s. 145-159
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 5. |
- Bartholdsson, Kerstin, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Samverkande samordning ― Ett sätt att lösa arbetsmarknadspolitikens dysfunktionella problem
- 2014
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Ingår i: NORKOM, Odense, 27-28 November, 2014.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Lag om finansiell samordning har funnits i Sverige sedan tio år tillbaka. Lagen möjliggör för nationella, regionala och kommunala myndigheter att lägga pengar i samma hatt, och därifrån utveckla samordnade aktiviteter för sådana målgrupper som befinner sig allra längst ifrån arbetsmarknaden. Den teoretiska problematiken handlar om wicked issues (Brown et al 2010), eller dysfunktionella problem, som består av att personer med komplicerade problem ofta tenderar att skyfflas underst i de administrativa processerna (Lipsky 1980). Aktuella målgrupper är personer som omfattas av insatser från två eller flera myndigheter, exempelvis Försäkringskassan, Arbetsförmedlingen, Landstinget och kanske även Socialtjänsten i kommunen. Exempel på sådana målgrupper är unga vuxna, personer med funktionsnedsättningar samt individer med komplexa diagnoser och svårigheter att etablera sig på arbetsmarknaden. Utifrån en case-studie i Väst-Sverige där Samordningsförbundet Vänersborg/Mellerud har evaluerats, diskuteras i detta papper värdefulla teman och fortsatta utmaningar för dysfunktionella välfärdsfrågor. I pappret visas vilka svårigheter som finns att lösa frågor som skär på tvären genom flera myndigheter, där ingen specifik myndighet har ett huvudansvar. Vi diskuterar hur staten delvis har internaliserat samordningsuppgifterna inom ordinarie myndighetsfunktioner, medan Samordningsförbundet kvarstår som en arena för fortsatta samordningsexperiment. Avslutningsvis diskuteras även om Samordningsförbundet kan härbärgera permanent verksamhet, eller om det är rimligt att betrakta dessa som drivhus för projektlösningar som i huvudsak implementeras inom ägar-organisationerna.
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| 6. |
- Gabaude, Alix, 1996, et al.
(författare)
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First housing in Sweden: Young adults’ establishment on a hybridized housing market
- 2023
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Ingår i: ENHR 2023 - Łódź (28-30 June).
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sweden has, for the past couple of decades, faced a housing crisis, especially for young adults. While slightly improving, 64 percent of Swedish communes were still reporting a lack of housing for young people in 2022. The importance of socio-economic factors in finding housing was identified but little has been said on the importance of local or national policies in facilitating (or hindering) young adults’ establishment on the housing market. The First Housing project carries out a systematic literature review of both academic and grey literature, targeting policies affecting housing access for young adults, students, and young immigrants in Sweden. At present, findings reveal that Swedish policy on the topic is limited in both scope and influence, piecemeal and without a holistic view. While some policies appear to have a positive effect, several have a negative effect, and most have a minimal effect for housing accessibility.
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| 7. |
- Gabaude, Alix, 1996, et al.
(författare)
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Why do estate owners and managers engage in area-based initiatives in particularly vulnerable urban areas? Evidence from three local cases in Gothenburg, Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: NORKOM 2023 - Odense (24-25/11).
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper maps and compares estate owners’ safety strategies in three different ‘particularly vulnerable areas’ (in short PVA:s) in Gothenburg, Sweden. These boroughs were planned in the early 1970s as New Towns, the then peak of housing modernity. Five decades later in 2021, Gårdsten, Lövgärdet and Central Tynnered are on the National Police Authority’s List of Sweden’s most dangerous and criminally unsettled areas, PVAs. This paper aims to investigate similarities and differences in safety strategies employed by estate owners to curb perceived insecurity. The ownership structure differs in each area, from a single public housing company to half public and half private ownership and a mix of several public and private owners. Results indicate that most estate owners are engaged in physical and situational prevention. They unexpectedly frequently engage in social prevention together with state and municipal actors. All studied estate companies have more or less pro-active management and strategic long-term planning and coordination. The paper contributes new insights on estate owners’ potential strategies in neglected and vulnerable areas.
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| 8. |
- Karlsson, David, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish Regional Reform and the Political Map: Party Interests at Stake
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this paper we conduct a contra-factual thought experiment, applying the practice of gerrymandering to the regionalisation process of Sweden. By applying the actual election data from 1998 to 2010, we discuss the various outcomes of four regional models; i) the present system, ii) a realistic scenario of regional reform (a roadmap commissioned by SALAR), and two hypothetical but possible models based on which regional structure would mostly benefit iii) the left-wing parties and iv) the right-wing parties. The overall aim of the paper is to estimate the implications of a regional reform on the political geography of Sweden and to provide instruments for future research on whether and how party interests affect the regional reform process. The analyses also provide fuel for a number of relevant discussions on regional reform and its political outcomes. For example, our results highlight the possible lock-in effects in the present discussions concerning the Stockholm/Uppsala regions, Västra Götaland and Halland/or Värmland, and the region of Southwest Sweden. One suggestion is that if citizens are to have long-term confidence in any future regional structure, it should be arranged in such a way that both the left and right wings are satisfied – a double-packing strategy. Such a strategy would make it relatively harder for smaller local/regional parties to affect the political stability of a region. If political stability is pursued, we suggest that the solution of the Wise Men is more functional than the present structure.
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| 9. |
- Karlsson, David, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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The Swedish Regional Reform and the Political Map: Party Interests at Stake
- 2011
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Ingår i: Paper presented at XVI Nordic Political Science Congress NOPSA conference Vasa, FINLAND, August 9 – 12, 2011..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract In this article we conduct contra factual experiment of thoughts, applying the tactics of gerrymandering into the regionalization process of Sweden. By applying the actual election data from 1998 up to 2010, we discuss the various outcomes of four regional models; i) the present system, ii) a realistic scenario of regional reform (a roadmap commissioned by SALAR), and two hypothetical but possible models based on what regional structure would mostly benefit iii) the left parties and iv) the right parties. The overall aim of the paper is to esti-mate the implications of a regional reform on the political geography of Sweden to provide instruments for fu-ture research on if, and how party interests affect the regional reform process. The analyses also give fuel to a number of relevant discussions on regional reform and its political out-comes. For example, our results highlight the possible lock-in effects in the present discussions concerning the Stockholm/Uppsala regions, Västra Götaland and Halland/or Värmland, and the region of Southwest Sweden. One suggestion is that if citizens are to have longterm confidence in the future regional structure, it should be arranged in such a way that both the left and right wings are satisfied – a double-packing strategy. Such a strategy would make it relatively harder for smaller local/regional parties to affect the political stability of a region. If political stability is pursued, we suggest that the solution of the Wise men is more functional than the present structure.
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| 10. |
- Langlet, David, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Energy efficient transition in Sweden: triggers and barriers for retrofitting processes in municipality owned housing companies
- 2014
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Ingår i: ENHR Edinburgh July 1-4, 2014. Book of abstracts.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Globally and in Europe, the housing sector is responsible for a large share of the energy use, and large efforts have therefore been directed towards reduced energy use in the housing sector. In Sweden 39 percent of the energy use relate to “housing and business locations”, there is an ambition to reduce the energy use with 20 percent until year 2020, following the EU directive of energy efficiency. However, the national government has up to present responded quite hesitantly to the energy efficiency debate, possibly as the National Institute of Economic Research (NIER) claims that relevant transition measures will be met regardless of any specific measures directed to the sector of housing. Yet, the project group Collaborative learning for urban energy efficiency (the ClueE-project) has studied a number of examples where energy efficient retrofitting takes place in sub-urban areas. A central question for the overall project was: What are the major triggers and barriers in retrofitting processes, with special regards to the social sciences? From a financial point of view, the costs of energy efficient retrofitting are demanding, as most of the heating in these areas to 90 percent are sustainable district-heating. But seen from the perspective of the ‘third generation of energy policies’, there is an increasing potential today for local energy production solutions, zero-houses, or even houses that generates a surplus of energy, energy-plus-houses. The judicial tools used in these processes does not relate to minimum quality levels, rather, a more conscious use of the public procurement act is activated, as wise use of partnering contracting. The ClueE study also found that it is not specifically environmentally interested tenants that have been attracted by the energy efficient apartments, rather that has been the opportunity at hand. The lower ecological footprints of these tenants are supported as these groups are among the poorest segments of the population. To conclude, the core triggers found were: the necessity of broad political anchoring across majority and opposition, inclusive and transparent tenant-dialogues, comparable indicators in relation to evaluations and benchmarking. A more general conclusion is that more attention needs to be directed towards business locations, as the private homes’ market.
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