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- Garcia-Yeste, Miguel, PhD, Senior Lecturer in English Applied Linguistics, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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From “go to the writing centre” to “we can work on these things ourselves”: University lecturers’ changing views on Academic Literacies in the Social Sciences
- 2024
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the last few decades, Higher Education institutions in Sweden and across the globe have been working on widened participation, sustainable development, and increased accessibility to university studies. The impact of these initiatives can be seen in today’s student populations, which are characterised by diversity and a wider range of academic skills. Other effects, however, include (a) concerns about lowering standards, (b) a discourse of deficit that focuses on the knowledge and skills students lack, and (c) a remedial approach to tackle said deficits. A common (mis)conception is that students lack language skills (e.g., language proficiency, writing skills) and that referring students to writing centres will solve the issue. However, research (e.g., Blåsjö, 2004; Barton, 2007; Shanahan & Shanahan, 2012; Wingate, 2012; Catell, 2013; Solheim et al. 2022) shows that integrating literacy efforts within disciplines is a more effective way to scaffold student learning. This presentation reports on preliminary findings from an ongoing empirical study on teaching practices for the development of university student’s academic literacies in the social sciences. In particular, the focus is on the changing views of teaching staff on scaffolding and the role of academic literacies in the students’ learning journey. The study rests on Academic Literacies (Lea & Street, 1998; Lillis, 2003; Lea, 2004; Eklund Heinonen et al., 2018) as its theoretical framework. The data consists of: (a) video-recorded ethnographic interviews with two lecturers in an undergraduate programme in the Social Sciences; (b) text analyses of, e.g., assignment instructions, feedback provided by lecturers, and samples of student writing; and (c) workshop-style sessions where the informants were given opportunities to explore hands-on strategies to scaffold the development of their students’ academic literacies.The results show a change from a discourse of deficit and a remedial approach to integrating academic literacies in the discipline. More specifically, the findings illustrate the lecturers’ changing views in relation to:1. The students’ needs: From basic proficiency to disciplinary practices. 2. The lecturers’ own abilities: From outsourcing to collaboration.3. Teaching practices: Modelling, strategy use, and formative feedback emerge as useful scaffolding tools. 4. The role of writing in the development of content knowledge.This study highlights the benefits of a collaboration between researchers at a writing centre and subject lecturers. The results show that applied linguistics can contribute to scaffolding the students’ learning journey by fostering engagement with disciplinary discourse to build disciplinary knowledge.
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| 2. |
- Garcia-Yeste, Miguel, PhD, Senior Lecturer in English Applied Linguistics, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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“The best way to explain it is to do it” : An ongoing empirical study focusing on how university teaching staff use modelling to help students develop their academic literacies
- 2023
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the last few decades, Swedish Higher Education institutions have been working on widened participation (Högskolelagen, 1992, p.1434) as part of a wider effort towards sustainable development and increased accessibility to university studies (Agenda 2030). As a consequence, student populations today bring with them a wider range of academic skills. This, in turn, means that teaching staff across disciplines face a myriad of challenges. In our presentation, we discuss an ongoing empirical study on teaching practices for the development of university students’ academic literacies in the social sciences, with a particular focus on the role of modelling as a teaching strategy. Using Academic Literacies (Lea & Street, 1998; Lillis, 2003; Lea, 2004; Eklund Heinonen et al., 2018) as the theoretical framework, the study aims at (a) identifying challenges as experienced by teaching staff in the Social Sciences, and (b) carrying out a pedagogical intervention. The project, which is a collaboration between two lecturers from the Social Sciences and two researchers from the Language Support Unit, comprises four stages, namely: (1) a needs analysis to map the faculty’s existing teaching practices and to identify their challenges in relation to their students’ academic skills; (2) planning of a pedagogical intervention through a series of workshops; (3) implementation of the intervention; and (4) assessment of the project. So far, the findings reveal that modelling is a crucial teaching strategy in making tacit knowledge and task instructions explicit. The project is also expected to contribute to our understanding of (a) the challenges teaching staff experience in Swedish Higher Education today and (b) how to best support university students’ development of academic literacies. Furthermore, the project’s findings will be used to develop a course for professional development targeting teaching staff at our university.
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| 3. |
- Larsson, Maria
(författare)
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Viktig läsning? : Svensklärare i gymnasiet om läsundervisning i en performativ kontext
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study investigates reading instruction in the first year of upper-secondary school in Sweden in the L1-subject Swedish. The thesis focuses both on what happens to students’ reading and teachers’ teaching when classroom reading is controlled by assessments, examinations and a national reading comprehension test, and on what teachers of Swedish want their students to learn when reading and comprehending different types of texts. The aim of this study is to contribute knowledge about what didactic challenges teachers of Swedish in upper-secondary school face when choosing content for their reading instruction in a policy-laden and performative context. Specific focus is on what the teachers consider important for students to learn and what powerful knowledge is made visible in their narrative about their practice. The study draws on qualitative data from interviews with five teachers of Swedish in upper-secondary school. The interviews were carried out in a series of four individual interviews with each teacher and a final group interview with all five teachers. Also included in the data are all the texts and student assignments the teachers used in the course Swedish 1 during a school year. The theoretical framework has three theoretical perspectives where theory of policy enactment is the overarching theory, and where theories on reading and the concept powerful knowledge make contributing analytical and theoretical perspectives.The findings indicate that the local context such as resources, the culture and the organisation of the school, in combination with preferences of students and teachers, is important when it comes to what texts teachers can choose. Teaching content seems to be quite comparable between the five teachers’ courses, despite the different local contexts, even though there is a large variety in how many texts the students read. The five teachers all state that central to their teaching is to encourage students both to read for pleasure and view themselves as readers, and to process basic values and existential questions by reading and working with various types of texts. However, the teachers say they encounter challenges in the classroom such as growing resistance to read and a lack of focus among students. The thesis points out how essential it is that teachers of Swedish have the professional competence to support and develop students’ reading ability throughout their schooling, and that reading instruction should not be regarded as something that ends once students acquire basic reading skills.The findings also indicate that the course knowledge requirements have a major impact on how texts are chosen and how examinations of reading are conducted, and that examination of students’ reading in the classroom is considered more reliable and nuanced than in the national reading comprehension test that forms part of the Swedish 1 course. The teachers also criticise the notion that reading can be objectively measured in a test. The reading comprehension test seems to have little impact on instruction and the teachers say they pay little attention to test results when setting the final grades for the course. The teachers state that they would rather not examine and grade students’ reading at all as this hinders students from reading for pleasure and from experiencing reading as something that can bring with it great personal value. The performative context, including the national Swedish 1 test, affects teachers and their classroom practices significantly in several ways.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Nordmark, Marie, 1967-
(författare)
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Att handleda elever i skrivutveckling
- 2023. - 1.1
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Ingår i: Skrivundervisningens praktiker. - Lund : Gleerups Utbildning AB. - 9789151107165 ; , s. 176-
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 6. |
- Nordmark, Marie, 1967-
(författare)
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Att skriva med och utan digitala verktyg
- 2018
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vi lever i ett digitaliserat samhälle där användning av digitala verktyg, internet och sociala medier tas för givet, så även i skolan. Vad innebär då de reviderade skrivningarna i Lgr11 om digital kompetens för skolans tidiga skrivundervisning? Avsikten med artikeln är att skapa förståelse för skrivande med och utan digitala verktyg i skrivundervisningen. I artikeln diskuteras vad som kan utveckla elevernas skapande av texter med och utan digitala verktyg samt lärarens viktiga roll i det didaktiska arbetet.
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| 7. |
- Nordmark, Marie, 1967-
(författare)
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Att skriva med och utan digitala verktyg
- 2020
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vi lever i ett digitaliserat samhälle där användning av digitala verktyg, internet och sociala medier tas för givet, så även i skolan. Vad innebär då skrivningarna i läroplanen om digital kompetens för skolans tidiga skrivundervisning? Avsikten med artikeln är att skapa förståelse för skrivande med och utan digitala verktyg i skrivundervisningen. I artikeln diskuteras vad som kan utveckla elevernas skapande av texter med och utan digitala verktyg samt lärarens viktiga roll i det didaktiska arbetet.
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| 8. |
- Nordmark, Marie, 1967-
(författare)
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Breakout-rum – en plats för möten och mångfald i ett språk- och kunskapsutvecklande arbetssätt
- 2023
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Som en följd av Covid-19-pandemin har behov av mer kunskaper om undervisning och digitalisering i den svenska skolan uppmärksammats. Syftet med presentationen är att med fokus på ämneslitteracitet (Shanahan & Shanahan, 2008, 2012) synliggöra hur gymnasielärare i samhällskunskap genom digitala breakout-rum, som mötesplatser, skapar möjligheter till handledning av elever i språk- och kunskapsutveckling (Gibbon, 2006). Studien är en del av det pågående och praktiknära projektet Digitala resurser i undervisningen där 13 lärare och en forskare samarbetar kring utvecklande av nya kunskaper om multimodalitet, literacy och lärande i klassrummet (Jewitt, 2002; Bezemer, Kress & O´Halloran, 2016; Jewitt & Kress, 2003; Nordmark, 2023). I denna delpresentation består materialet av sju klassrumsobservationer vid grupparbete i digital undervisning, en klass under pandemin och en klass efter pandemin, samt 10 videoinspelade intervjuer med elever. För denna delstudie har videoinspelade undervisningssekvenser valts ut för fördjupad analys med fokus på ämnesord och samhällsvetenskapliga tankeredskap (Sandahl, 2015). Särskilt intresse läggs på hur lärarens språkutvecklande handledning kan bidra till elevernas kunskapsutveckling i ämnet. De preliminära resultaten visar att när läraren börjar använda breakout-rum i undervisningen uppmärksammas didaktiska värden i elevers gemensamma skrivande samt integreras läsande, samtalande, lyssnande och skrivande med olika modaliteter. Breakout-rummen främjar mångfald genom att läraren ges möjlighet att uppmärksamma och ge feed forward till både enskilda elever och samtliga grupper under en och samma lektion. Användningen av breakout-rum uppfattas av lärare och elever som främjande för literacy engagement och literacy achievement (Cummins, 2015).Nyckelord: breakout-rum, ämneslitteracitet, språk- och kunskapsutvecklande arbetssätt, multimodalitet, lärandeReferenserCummins, J. (2015). Language Differences that Influence Reading Development. I P. Afflerbach Handbook of Individual Differences in Reading, Reader, Text, and Context, (s. 223–244). Routledge.Gibbons, P. (2006). Stärk språket, stärk lärandet. Språk- och kunskapsutvecklande arbetssätt för och med andraspråkselever i klassrummet. Hallgren & Fallgren. Jewitt, C. (2006). Technology, Literacy, Learning. A Multimodal Approach. Routledge.Jewitt, C. & Kress, G. (2003). Multimodal literacy. Peter Lang. Jewitt, C., Bezemer, J. & O´Halloran, K. (2016). Introducing Multimodality. Routledge. Nordmark, M. (2023). Legitimation of digitalisation in education. A case study of vocational student teachers´lesson plans. Utbildning & Lärande, 17(1), 65–83. https://doi.org/10.58714/ul.v17i1.12757Sandahl, J. (2015). Medborgarbildning i gymnasiet. Ämneskunnande och medborgarbildning i gymnasieskolans samhälls- och historieundervisning. [Doktorsavhandling, Stockholms universitet]Shanahan, C. & Shanahan, T. (2008). Teaching Disciplinary Literacy to Adolescents: Rethinking Content Area Literacy. Harvard Educational Review, 78(1), 40–59. Shanahan, T. & Shanahan, C. (2012). What is Disciplinary Literacy and Why Does it Matter? Topics in Language Disorders, 32(1), 7-18.
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| 9. |
- Nordmark, Marie, 1967-
(författare)
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Den virtuella bokcirkeln : samtalande, läsande och skrivande i en språkutvecklande förening
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Med Covid-19-pandemin behövde gymnasieskolan våren 2020 göra en hastig omställning från klassrumsundervisning till virtuell undervisning. Likt Hodges et al (2020) ser jag omställningen som ”emergency remote teaching”. Omställningen satte akut fokus på användning av digitala resurser i undervisningen och hur dessa formar multimodalitet, literacy och lärande i klassrummet (Jewitt, 2002;Bezemer & Kress, 2016; Jewitt & Kress, 2003). Denna presentation diskuterar preliminära resultat från det pågående praktiknära och praktikutvecklande forskningsprojektet Digitala resurser i undervisningen. 13 gymnasielärare och en forskare samarbetar kring utveckling av nya kunskaper om digitala resurser som förvärvats i samband med pandemin. Kunskaper som omfattar villkor för språkutveckling, läsande och skrivande i ett vidare perspektiv. Syftet med presentationen är att diskutera utifrån ett bokcirkelprojekt där språk och litteratur med hjälp av digitala resurser korsbefruktar varandra. Materialet består av 16 virtuella klassrumsobservationer under engelsklektioner i tre klassrum samt nio videoinspelade intervjuer med två lärare. Jewitt och Kress (2003) används för analys av multimodalliteracy och hur digitala resurser bidrar till att forma kunskap. Fyra aspekter för att representera mening beaktas: materialitet, inramning, design och produktion. Följande forskningsfrågor ställs: Hur är digitala resurser länkade i undervisningen för att ge eleverna möjligheter till aktivt språkligt deltagande? Vilka lärdomar lyfter lärarna fram för att utveckla elevernas samtalande, läsande och skrivande? Preliminära resultat visar att trots tidigare vana hos elever och lärare att arbeta på skärmar blev omställningen stor när undervisningen gick över till att bli helt virtuell. För lärarna innebar det ett didaktiskt nysökande efter hur läsande, samtalande och skrivande med hjälp av olika modaliteter kan integreras och i interaktion med eleverna. Lärarna understryker också vikten att uppmärksamma både elevers och lärares språkanvändning samt tillgång till skrivna texter för aktivt meningsskapande. Utifrån resultaten diskuteras digitala resursers användning i språkundervisningen i det virtuella klassrummet ochi det fysiska klassrummet.
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| 10. |
- Nordmark, Marie, 1967-
(författare)
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Digitalisation in Education : Scaffolding Language and Scaffolding Learning
- 2023
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research topic/aimDigitalisation in education has been studied in terms of how it affects multimodality, literacy, and learning in the classroom (Jewitt, 2002; Bezemer & Kress, 2016; Jewitt & Kress, 2003).The Covid 19 pandemic highlighted the need for greater knowledge about digitalisation in education in Swedish schools. The change from face-to-face teaching to virtual teaching put a critical spotlight on teacher’s knowledge of didactic choices (Hodges et al., 2020).Here are presented preliminary results from ongoing practice-based research project ‘Digital resources in teaching’. 13 teachers at upper secondary school, together with a researcher, collaborated to make use of teacher knowledge of digital resources acquired during the pandemic. Challenges and opportunities were identified for scaffold language and scaffold learning (Gibbons, 2006). This presentation aims at discussing the use of digital breakout rooms in teaching, its implications for teachers and their pupils, with special focus on participation and engagement.Theoretical frameworkThis study takes a multimodal approach to learning as its theoretical point of departure. Based on the notion of multimodal literacy (Jewitt & Kress, 2003), the study analyses how digital resources in a range of modes contribute to the shaping of knowledge and what it means to be a teacher in the virtual classroom. In accordance with Jewitt and Kress (2003), four aspects for representing meaning are considered: materiality, framing, design, and production.Methodology/research designData were collected in 2020-2022 and consist of five videorecorded interviews with the same focus group involving three teachers. Additionally, audio-recorded observations of 16 lessons in virtual classrooms involving three different classes were collected. Expected results/findingsPreliminary findings show virtual teaching corresponds to a big change for both pupils and teachers, despite previous exposure to working with digital screens. The virtual group rooms, ‘breakout rooms’, were valuable in teaching, learning and interaction. Teachers noted breakout rooms contributed to more pupil engagement and participation. The usage of breakout rooms meant teachers started looking for ways to integrate reading, conversation and writing of different modalities. Teachers emphasise how virtual teaching put importance on language use and written text in meaning making. Written text and text composition becomes prioritised when teaching becomes virtual.Relevance to Nordic educational researchThis novel data contributes to greater understanding of how virtual teaching caused by the global pandemic has impacted teaching in Swedish upper secondary schools.
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