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- Jurca, Manuela, et al.
(författare)
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ZEITLUPE Promotes ABA-Induced Stomatal Closure in Arabidopsis and Populus
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Plant Science. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-462X. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plants balance water availability with gas exchange and photosynthesis by controlling stomatal aperture. This control is regulated in part by the circadian clock, but it remains unclear how signalling pathways of daily rhythms are integrated into stress responses. The serine/threonine protein kinase OPEN STOMATA 1 (OST1) contributes to the regulation of stomatal closure via activation of S-type anion channels. OST1 also mediates gene regulation in response to ABA/drought stress. We show that ZEITLUPE (ZTL), a blue light photoreceptor and clock component, also regulates ABA-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana, establishing a link between clock and ABA-signalling pathways. ZTL sustains expression of OST1 and ABA-signalling genes. Stomatal closure in response to ABA is reduced in ztl mutants, which maintain wider stomatal apertures and show higher rates of gas exchange and water loss than wild-type plants. Detached rosette leaf assays revealed a stronger water loss phenotype in ztl-3, ost1-3 double mutants, indicating that ZTL and OST1 contributed synergistically to the control of stomatal aperture. Experimental studies of Populus sp., revealed that ZTL regulated the circadian clock and stomata, indicating ZTL function was similar in these trees and Arabidopsis. PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR 5 (PRR5), a known target of ZTL, affects ABA-induced responses, including stomatal regulation. Like ZTL, PRR5 interacted physically with OST1 and contributed to the integration of ABA responses with circadian clock signalling. This suggests a novel mechanism whereby the PRR proteins—which are expressed from dawn to dusk—interact with OST1 to mediate ABA-dependent plant responses to reduce water loss in time of stress.
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- Kahn, Robin, et al.
(författare)
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Population-based study of multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19 found that 36% of children had persistent symptoms
- 2022
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 111:2, s. 354-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Our aim was to describe the outcomes of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19. Methods: This national, population-based, longitudinal, multicentre study used Swedish data that were prospectively collected between 1 December 2020 and 31 May 2021. All patients met the World Health Organization criteria for MIS-C. The outcomes 2 and 8 weeks after diagnosis are presented, and follow-up protocols are suggested. Results: We identified 152 cases, and 133 (87%) participated. When followed up 2 weeks after MIS-C was diagnosed, 43% of the 119 patients had abnormal results, including complete blood cell counts, platelet counts, albumin levels, electrocardiograms and echocardiograms. After 8 weeks, 36% of 89 had an abnormal patient history, but clinical findings were uncommon. Echocardiogram results were abnormal in 5% of 67, and the most common complaint was fatigue. Older children and those who received intensive care were more likely to report symptoms and have abnormal cardiac results. Conclusion: More than a third (36%) of the patients had persistent symptoms 8 weeks after MIS-C, and 5% had abnormal echocardiograms. Older age and higher levels of initial care appeared to be risk factors. Structured follow-up visits are important after MIS-C.
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- Kraxner, Florian, et al.
(författare)
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Planning the future forests: managing for wildlife in a climate constrained landscape
- 2017
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Ingår i: Book of Abstracts. - 9783902762887 ; , s. 655-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multipurpose functionality is a paradigm when it comes to forest management. This includes sustainability, resilience, stand stability, wildlife management, recreation, clean water and air, or healthy soils - to name a few. The world is aiming at a maximum global warming of 2-deg by 2100, but cumulative emissions are still rising. Higher temperatures are associated with higher risks of extreme events such as storm, flood, droughts, pests and fires etc. - and at the same time, forest systems are key for any mitigation activity to avoid such dangerous climate change. But how will a managed forest look like in the future? How can we understand the underlying dynamics and make our forests fit for the increased need for carbon storage, biomass for energy and sustainable wood and non-wood forest products like game, while maintaining biodiversity, recreational and protected areas. Moreover, we need to address all challenges on limited land and establish action from policy development allthe way to their implementation within a short time frame. Based on Sweden's forests, traditionally considered a role model for successfully bridging a multitude of demands, we present a modeling approach that should serve as a planning tool for enhancing forests' risk resilience and capacity of integrating diverse demands and different ecosystem-services. Guided by the expertise of Sweden's Environmental Protection Agency, national forest and habitat shift models from SLU and KTH will be linked with global land use models and engineering tools from IIASA. Hereby, special emphasis will be put on ecosystem services from wildlife, different scenarios of forest intensification and the optimization of biomass for bioenergy production. First estimates show that spatially explicit modeling can substantially support decision making by optimizing multipurpose use of both managed and protected areas and steering habitat shift for maintaining biodiversity and improving wildlife (game)management.
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- Michelsen, Brigitte, et al.
(författare)
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Differences and similarities between the EULAR/ASAS-EULAR and national recommendations for treatment of patients with psoriatic arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis across Europe
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe. - 2666-7762. ; 33
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This is the first report comparing EULAR and national treatment recommendations for PsA patients across Europe, and the first this decade to compare ASAS-EULAR and national treatment recommendations in axSpA patients. An electronic survey was completed from October 2021–April 2022 by rheumatologists in 15 European countries. One and four countries followed all EULAR and ASAS-EULAR recommendations, respectively. Five countries had no national treatment recommendations for PsA and/or axSpA, but followed other regulations. In several countries, national treatment recommendations predated the most recent EULAR/ASAS-EULAR recommendations. Entry criteria for starting biologic/targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs varied considerably. In several countries, for PsA patients with significant skin involvement, interleukin-17 inhibitors were not given preference. The positioning of Janus Kinase inhibitors differed and Phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors were not in use/reimbursed in most countries. This study may motivate European countries to update their national treatment recommendations, to align them better with the latest international recommendations.
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| 7. |
- Nordström, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Refractive improvements and safety with topography-guided corneal crosslinking for keratoconus : 1-year results
- 2017
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Ingår i: British Journal of Ophthalmology. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0007-1161 .- 1468-2079. ; 101:7, s. 920-925
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To assess the refractive improvements and the corneal endothelial safety of an individualised topography-guided regimen for corneal crosslinking in progressive keratoconus.METHODS: An open-label prospective randomised clinical trial was performed at the Department of Clinical Sciences, Ophthalmology, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden. Thirty-seven patients (50 eyes) with progressive keratoconus planned for corneal crosslinking were included. The patients were randomised to topography-guided crosslinking (photorefractive intrastromal crosslinking (PiXL); n=25) or uniform 9 mm crosslinking (corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL); n=25). Visual acuity, refraction, keratometry (K1, K2 and Kmax) and corneal endothelial morphometry were assessed preoperatively and at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. The PiXL treatment involved an asymmetrical treatment zone centred on the area of maximum corneal steepness with treatment energies ranging from 7.2 to 15.0 J/cm(2); the CXL treatment was a uniform 9 mm 5.4 J/cm(2) pulsed crosslinking. The main outcome measures were changes in refractive errors and corneal endothelial cell density.RESULTS: The spherical refractive errors decreased (p<0.05) and the visual acuity improved (p<0.01) at 3, 6 and 12 months after PiXL, but not after CXL. The between-groups differences, however, were not significant. K2 and Kmax decreased at 3, 6 and 12 months after PiXL (p<0.01), but not after CXL (p<0.01 when comparing the two treatments). No corneal endothelial cell loss was seen after either treatment.CONCLUSIONS: Individualised topography-based crosslinking treatment centred on the ectatic cone has the potential to improve the corneal shape in keratoconus with decreased spherical refractive errors and improved visual acuity, without damage to the corneal endothelium.
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| 8. |
- Nummelin, Tuomas, et al.
(författare)
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Forest futures by Swedish students : developing a mind mapping method for data collection
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research. - Oslo : Taylor & Francis. - 0282-7581 .- 1651-1891. ; 32:8, s. 807-817
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Forests are an important natural resource in Sweden. They are used for multiple purposes, for example, providing economic returns from timber harvest, conservation of biodiversity, provision of wild berries and mushrooms and recreational benefits. People's perceptions of forests and forest use are currently under transformation due to drivers like globalization and urbanization. The aim of this study was to analyse in particular Swedish university student's visions of future forests using a newly developed survey method based on mind mapping. An online survey with mind map technique was used to collect data from university students in Umeå, northern Sweden. The study focused on features of forests, products derived from forests and activities in forests. The results indicate that students regard ecological, social and economic aspects of forests as important for future forests and the use of them. In particular, the role of non-wood forest products, like berries and mushrooms, as well as recreational features of forests were central to many of the students. The multitude of different visions suggests that forest management decisions of today, directing the future of forests, need to consider the multiple use of forests to be able to satisfy forest preferences also of younger generations.
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| 9. |
- Olsson, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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A decision support model for individual tree stump harvesting options based on criteria for economic return and environmental protection
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0282-7581 .- 1651-1891. ; 32, s. 246-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on principles of multi-criteria analysis techniques, a model (MAPStump-E) for decision support on stump harvesting at stand level was developed. The model applies the concept that each stump can be attributed production values (economic) and environmental values (here soil protection and water quality). Individual tree stump information was incorporated directly from the production reports of harvesters and combined with high-resolution Geographical Information System data on topography and soil type to create a production submodel and a soil and water vulnerability submodel (SWM). To test the model, it was applied to a 45-ha study forest in south-central Sweden and the outcome of nine scenarios with varying bioenergy prices and environmental protection levels was examined. Combined analysis of the effects of production and environmental criteria on total dry mass of harvestable stumps at the study site showed that biomass prices had a stronger influence than environmental criteria. Conflict stumps were defined as stumps suitable for harvest based on production criteria, but unsuitable based on soil and water protection criteria. In a ?medium? price scenario, the proportion of conflict stumps at the study site ranged from 6% to 18%, depending on protection level set.
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| 10. |
- Permert, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Life Science på östgötska : förslag till Life science-satsning i Östergötland.
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Östergötland är inte någon traditionell Life Science-nod i Sverige, men beslutade våren 2017 att undersöka möjligheterna att finna en position baserat på erkänd kunskapsbas kring mötet människa – teknik. En förstudie initierades med Region Direktören som beställare och uppdraget innebar att kartlägga, analysera och ge förslag till hur en Life Science-satsning skulle kunna vara genomförbar i Östergötland. Triple Helix-modellen, det vill säga samhandling mellan offentlig sektor, universitet och näringsliv är den anmodade modellen för Life Science-satsningar i Sverige. Den tidigare Life Science-satsningen i Östergötland hade fallit på grund av obalans i styrka hos Triple Helixens ingående parter.Ett lyckat Triple Helix-initiativ i Östergötland, som även fått internationell genomslagskraft är CMIV, där radiologin är världskänt genom samarbetet mellan RÖ, LiU och Sectra. Detta initiativ är ett exempel på Triple Helix-samhandling som gett resultat för alla ingående parter. Runt CMIV kan såväl samhällsnytta som patientnytta och tillväxt tydligt identifieras. Ytterligare ett exempel som lyftes fram i direktivet är utveckling av kliniska beslutsstöd för användning i klinisk verksamhet och vidare forskning på kliniska data.För att få en rik bild av CMIV, och andra initiativ kring Life Science i Östergötland, har arbetsgruppen använt sig av berättarteknik och på djupet studerat fem fall inom Life Science-området. Analys av dessa fall har sedan jämförts med erfarenheter av Life Science från andra regioner och ett förslag till lösning har successivt växt fram i diskussioner med arbetsgruppen och den taktiska styrgruppen. Triple Helix-samhandling är tämligen utmanande i praktiken då de olika aktörerna i vård, forskning- och näringsliv måste samhandla för att uppnå ett gemensamt mål. Berättelserna vittnar om att det krävs vilja, mod och förmåga att korsa såväl ämnes- som organisatoriska gränser. Slutsatsen är därför att det finns behov av att träna denna förmåga, men också att skapa en ”en väg in” där möten kan uppstå för att identifiera, matcha och förfina initiativ som kan lösas med hjälp av Triple Helix-samhandling.Förstudien visar att det finns goda förutsättningar att genomföra en Life Science-satsning i Östergötland. Ett flerfakultetsuniversitet samt ett komplett sjukvårdssystem ger den mylla av kunskap, problem/behov samt kritiska massa som visat sig krävas för den här typen av satsningar. Att begränsa den möjligheten till enbart vidareutveckling av CMIV och byggandet av kliniska beslutsstöd vore dock inte att göra möjligheterna rättvisa. Istället föreslås två interrelaterade verksamheter vars huvuduppdrag är att facilitera och stödja innovation och utveckling inom Life Science-sektorn i Östergötland; Triple Helix-Labb och Triple Helix-Akademi. I Triple Helix-Labbet kan problem/behov och lösningar mötas, matchas och förfinas i en vägledningsprocess som kan leda till såväl ökad patientnytta som ökad tillväxt i Östergötland. I Triple Helix-Akademin stärks förmågan till samhandling i Triple Helix för att överbyggakunskap, förståelse och respekt för de värdesystem som korsas. Genom dessa interorganisatoriska strukturer finns förutsättningar att adressera vårdens problem, samtidigt som dessa kan agera tillväxtmotor i Östergötland. I förstudien identifieras fyra olika växtvägar som kan stimuleras via ovan nämna strukturer.För att få utväxling av ovanstående förslag behöver strukturer med närliggande och överlappande uppdrag ses över och ersättas/integreras i Triple Helix-Labbet. Detta arbete är påbörjat i förstudien, men behöver förfinas i det etableringsuppdrag som är nästa steg för att kraftsamla kring Life Science i Östergötland. En Life Science-satsning är en långsiktig handling och kräver en politisk överenskommelse för att bli hållbar över tid. Därför ses detta som en förutsättning för att starta det etableringsprojekt som föreslås i föreliggande rapport.Den här förstudien handlar om Östergötland. Redan idag finns dock etablerade samarbeten med Sydöstra sjukvårdsregionen men även nationellt och internationellt. Östergötland är därmed en nod i flera större nav, beroende på vilket perspektiv som antas. Nodtänkandet är en av förstudiens viktigaste grundpelare, men samtidigt måste förändringsarbetet starta hos var och en av de ingående parterna i en Life Science-satsning och därmed adresserar förstudien främst samhandling mellan de parter som utgör själva hjärtat i satsningen; RÖ och LiU.Den största risken för att en Life Science-satsning ska fallera även denna gång är att den politiska överenskommelsen uteblir, eller att RÖ och LiU stannar i sina invanda samverkanspositioner, och därmed inte antar samhällsutmaningen om ökad patientnytta och ökad tillväxt.Förstudien beslutades av Regionstyrelsen 2018-11-08.
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