| 1. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Al-Chalabi, Ammar, et al.
(författare)
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July 2017 ENCALS statement on edaravone
- 2017
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Ingår i: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 2167-8421 .- 2167-9223. ; 18:7-8, s. 471-474
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
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| 3. |
- Damén, Tor, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of different mean arterial pressure targets on plasma volume, ANP and glycocalyx-A randomized trial.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1399-6576 .- 0001-5172. ; 65:2, s. 220-227
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Arterial haematocrit (Hct) has been shown to decrease after anaesthesia induction, most probably because of an increased plasma volume (PV). The primary objective was to quantify change in PV if mean arterial pressure (MAP) was kept at baseline level or allowed to decrease to 60 mm Hg. Our secondary objective was to evaluate underlying mechanisms of this response.Twenty-four coronary artery bypass patients were randomized to a higher (90 mm Hg, intervention group) or lower (60 mm Hg, control group) MAP by titration of norepinephrine. During the experimental procedure, no fluids were administered. Baseline PV was measured by 125 I-albumin and the change in PV was calculated from the change in Hct. Changes in MAP, plasma 125 I-albumin, colloid osmotic pressure, albumin, Mid Regional-pro Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (MR-proANP) and endothelial glycocalyx components were measured from baseline to 50 minutes after anaesthesia induction.The MAP during the trial was 93 ± 9 mm Hg in the intervention group and 62 ± 5 mm Hg in the control group. PV increased with up to 420 ± 180 mL in the control group and 45 ± 130 mL in the intervention group (P < .001). Albumin and colloid osmotic pressure decreased significantly more in the control group. MR-proANP increased in the control group but no shedding of the glycocalyx layer was detected in either of the groups.Allowing mean arterial pressure to fall to 60 mm Hg during anaesthesia induction, increases the plasma volume due to reabsorption of interstitial water, with no ANP-induced degradation of the endothelial glycocalyx.
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| 4. |
- Demmelmaier, Ingrid, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Does exercise intensity matter for fatigue during (neo-)adjuvant cancer treatment? The Phys-Can randomized clinical trial
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 31:5, s. 1144-1159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exercise during cancer treatment improves cancer-related fatigue (CRF), but the importance of exercise intensity for CRF is unclear. We compared the effects of high- vs low-to-moderate-intensity exercise with or without additional behavior change support (BCS) on CRF in patients undergoing (neo-)adjuvant cancer treatment. This was a multicenter, 2x2 factorial design randomized controlled trial (Clinical Trials NCT02473003) in Sweden. Participants recently diagnosed with breast (n = 457), prostate (n = 97) or colorectal (n = 23) cancer undergoing (neo-)adjuvant treatment were randomized to high intensity (n = 144), low-to-moderate intensity (n = 144), high intensity with BCS (n = 144) or low-to-moderate intensity with BCS (n = 145). The 6-month exercise intervention included supervised resistance training and home-based endurance training. CRF was assessed by Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI, five subscales score range 4-20), and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue scale (FACIT-F, score range 0-52). Multiple linear regression for main factorial effects was performed according to intention-to-treat, with post-intervention CRF as primary endpoint. Overall, 577 participants (mean age 58.7 years) were randomized. Participants randomized to high- vs low-to-moderate-intensity exercise had lower physical fatigue (MFI Physical Fatigue subscale; mean difference −1.05 [95% CI: −1.85, −0.25]), but the difference was not clinically important (ie <2). We found no differences in other CRF dimensions and no effect of additional BCS. There were few minor adverse events. For CRF, patients undergoing (neo-)adjuvant treatment for breast, prostate or colorectal cancer can safely exercise at high- or low-to-moderate intensity, according to their own preferences. Additional BCS does not provide extra benefit for CRF in supervised, well-controlled exercise interventions.
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| 5. |
- Hagell, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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The 39-item Parkinson's disease questionnaire (PDQ-39) revisited: implications for evidence-based medicine.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. - : BMJ. - 1468-330X .- 0022-3050. ; 78:Apr 18, s. 1191-1198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The 39 item Parkinson's disease questionnaire (PDQ-39) is the most widely used patient reported rating scale in Parkinson's disease. However, several fundamental measurement assumptions necessary for confident use and interpretation of the eight PDQ-39 scales have not been fully addressed. Methods: Postal survey PDQ-39 data from 202 people with Parkinson's disease (54% men; mean age 70 years) were analysed regarding psychometric properties using traditional and Rasch measurement methods. Results: Data quality was good ( mean missing item responses, 2%) and there was general support for the legitimacy of summing items within scales without weighting or standardisation. Score reliabilities were adequate (Cronbach's alpha 0.72-0.95; test-retest 0.76-0.93). The validity of the current grouping of items into scales was not supported by scaling success rates ( mean 56.2%), or factor and Rasch analyses. All scales represented more health problems than that experienced by the sample ( mean floor effect 15%) and showed compromised score precision towards the less severe end. Conclusions: Our results provide general support for the acceptability and reliability of the PDQ-39. However, they also demonstrate limitations that have implications for the use of the PDQ-39 in clinical research. The grouping of items into scales appears overly complex and the meaning of scale scores is unclear, which hampers their interpretation. Suboptimal targeting limits measurement precision and, therefore, probably also responsiveness. These observations have implications for the role of the PDQ-39 in clinical trials and evidence based medicine. PDQ-39 derived endpoints should be interpreted and selected cautiously, particularly regarding small but clinically important effects among people with less severe problems.
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| 6. |
- Kristensen, Hanne Kaae, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of evidence within occupational therapy in stroke rehabilitation
- 2011
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2014 .- 1103-8128. ; 18:1, s. 11-25
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evidence-based practice creates practice that integrates research-driven evidence with clinical expertise and patients' preferences in clinical decision-making. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate and evaluate the quality and applicability of scientific research in occupational therapy intervention related to the use of everyday life occupations and client-centred practice within stroke rehabilitation. Design: Systematic searches of research studies published in English during 2000-2007 in peer-reviewed journals were undertaken. Thirty-nine articles and one Cochrane review were appraised and the quality evaluated using an evidence taxonomy and an evidence hierarchy. Results: Evidence arose providing support for a client-centred approach, entailing outcome related to better ability to recall goals, the patients feeling more involved and able to manage more everyday life occupations after rehabilitation. There is also considerable evidence for the use of everyday life occupations in occupational therapy. Occupational therapy was evaluated as an important aspect of stroke rehabilitation improving outcomes in everyday life occupations including activities of daily living (ADL) and participation. Discussion: As research of relevance for the profession to a large extent includes qualitative research it gives rise to reflection on including more tools than the evidence hierarchy while evaluating evidence within occupational therapy.
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| 7. |
- Lubberink, Mark, et al.
(författare)
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The water-perfusable tissue fraction of colorectal cancer metastases is increased by the selective PDGF-receptor inhibitor imatinib but not the IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra, a study using serial dynamic 15O-water PET.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Medicine. - : Society of Nuclear Medicine. - 0161-5505 .- 2159-662X. ; 56:8, s. 1144-1149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) in colorectal cancer metastases may decrease the uptake and, thus, the effects of anti-tumor drugs. Imatinib, a selective inhibitor of PDGF receptors, and anakinra, an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, respectively, increase drug uptake and/or decrease IFP in preclinical models of carcinoma. Drug-induced decrease in IFP in human metastases has not been objectively shown, but should be reflected by an increase in water-perfusable tissue fraction (PTF) or tumor blood flow (TBF) using [(15)O]water PET/CT and kinetic modelling. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the effects of imatinib and anakinra on PTF and TBF in colorectal cancer metastases in patients.
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| 8. |
- Månsson, Christopher, et al.
(författare)
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Safety and Preliminary Efficacy of Ultrasound-guided Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation for Treatment of Localized Pancreatic Cancer
- 2014
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 34:1A, s. 289-293
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a local tumor treatment. Thin needles are placed percutaneously around the tumor under ultrasound guidance. Short pulses of direct current sent through the tissue irreversibly increase cell membrane permeability leading to cell death. We report a phase I study assessing the safety of ultrasound guided percutaneous IRE in patients with localized pancreatic cancer (LPC).Patients and Methods:Five patients (three males) with LPC, judged unsuitable for surgery, chemotherapy, or non-resectable after standard oncological treatment, were treated with IRE. The treatment was given under general anesthesia with muscle relaxation.Results:No serious treatment-related adverse events were observed. There was no 30-day mortality. One patient went on to laparotomy and had a R0 pancreaticoduodenectomy with portal vein resection. Six months after the treatment, two patients had no signs of recurrence on computed tomography or contrast-enhanced ultrasound.Conclusion: IRE for LPC can be safely performed percutaneously under ultrasound guidance, with promising initial results regarding efficacy.
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| 9. |
- Zhang, Xiaonan, et al.
(författare)
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Induction of mitochondrial dysfunction as a strategy for targeting tumour cells in metabolically compromised microenvironments
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 5, s. 3295-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abnormal vascularization of solid tumours results in the development of microenvironments deprived of oxygen and nutrients that harbour slowly growing and metabolically stressed cells. Such cells display enhanced resistance to standard chemotherapeutic agents and repopulate tumours after therapy. Here we identify the small molecule VLX600 as a drug that is preferentially active against quiescent cells in colon cancer 3-D microtissues. The anticancer activity is associated with reduced mitochondrial respiration, leading to bioenergetic catastrophe and tumour cell death. VLX600 shows enhanced cytotoxic activity under conditions of nutrient starvation. Importantly, VLX600 displays tumour growth inhibition in vivo. Our findings suggest that tumour cells in metabolically compromised microenvironments have a limited ability to respond to decreased mitochondrial function, and suggest a strategy for targeting the quiescent populations of tumour cells for improved cancer treatment.
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