| 1. |
- Granholm Valmari, Elin, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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A systematic review of lifestyle and health among patrolling police officers
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 30:5, s. 721-744
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The police profession is a high-strain and high-risk profession, sometimes resulting in poor physical, mental and social health. This systematic review aims to identify and describe crucial areas for a healthy and sustainable lifestyle among patrolling police officers in Europe, an area not previously studied.Methods: The review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. A protocol was published and registered with PROSPERO beforehand. Searches were carried out in eight databases. Two independent authors screened articles and critically appraised the included studies. A narrative synthesis was conducted to analyse the results. The review’s total body of evidence was assessed with GRADE-CERQaul.Results: A total of 16 articles were located, representing 13 studies. Barriers and resources for a healthy and sustainable lifestyle were linked to a theoretical framework of life balance. Subsequently, a linkage model was created to explain different aspects of patrolling police officers’ life balance and its relation to health (physical, social and mental).Conclusions: Several crucial areas for a healthy and sustainable lifestyle were found and described, indicating that patrolling officers’ working life affects their possibilities of living a balanced lifestyle, which might disturb different aspects of health, depending on which aspect is compromised.
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| 2. |
- Granholm Valmari, Elin, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Being a top cop in pursuit of a sustainable lifestyle
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 18:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research has widely recognized the challenges uniformed police officers face in their working lives. However, little is known about the overall lifestyles of police officers, including what they do in private life. We interviewed 17 officers and used reflexive thematic analysis to explore their experiences. The study sheds light on how uniformed police officers navigate the intersection between their private and professional lives, as well as how their professional role impacts their day-to-day doings and private life roles. The key findings relate to how the demands of their professional role impact their private life, such as the profession becoming a way of life. Furthermore, they highlight the challenges of avoiding certain environments where they might be recognized as police officers. It also entails balancing energy levels in work and private life, as well as how their profession’s unpredictability affects their daily routines and roles. The findings also show how their personal choices in private life are frequently influenced by their professional role. The study’s findings have theoretical as well as practical implications, contributing to a better understanding of uniformed police officers’ challenges and resources for a sustainable and healthy lifestyle.
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| 3. |
- Granholm Valmari, Elin, 1983-
(författare)
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Beyond the badge : police officers’ lifestyles and health
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: Being a frontline police officer is regarded to be one of the most high-strain professions in the world, encompassing physical, emotional and cognitive stressors. These stressors may cause ill health, physically, mentally and socially, impacting both professional and private life roles and everyday activities. Despite this, there has been limited consideration of the broader complexities of police officers’ lifestyles. Thus, the primary aim of this thesis was to identify health promoters and health challenges within the lifestyles of frontline police officers using a transactional perspective. The secondary aim was to translate these findings into the initial developmental stages of an instrument targeting critical areas of police officers’ lifestyles to foster health sustainability.Method: The thesis includes four studies. In Study I, a method for scoping reviews was used when gathering data from previously conducted studies within Europe. Studies II and III were qualitative studies using in-depth interviews. In Study II a reflexive thematic analysis was used, whereas in Study III qualitative content analysis was utilized. Study IV builds on data from the other studies. During the early development process of the instrument focus groups, cognitive interviewing methods and a content validity approach were undertaken.Findings: Altogether, the findings offer insights into how police officers’ lifecontexts, roles and everyday activities transact to become their unique lifestyles. In Study I the life contexts affecting police officers’ lives and health were mapped. It was concluded that research on police officers’ private lives is limited in Europe, despite contextual and environmental influences on their lives and health. In Studies II and III it was found that balancing work with private-life activities and roles included health challenges and resources. The findings relate to balancing risk and violence with vigilance in private life, societal attitudes with the police identity, work with healthy routines and habits, and unpredictability with stability. Study IV took initial steps towards crafting a self-reflection instrument targeting the essential conditions for living a sustainable and healthy lifestyle asa police officer.Conclusion: This thesis illuminates the complex interplay of factors that definethe unique lifestyles of police officers, influenced by their life contexts, roles, and everyday activities. It highlights the importance of both organizational strategies and police officers utilizing health-promoting strategies in maintaining asustainable lifestyle essential for fostering health sustainability. In the context of societal challenges and the need for a strong police force, maintaining police officers’ health sustainability is crucial for the benefit of both the Police Authority and society.
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| 4. |
- Granholm Valmari, Elin, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Designing the Police sustainability and wellness instrument
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Police officers’ lifestyles, and what they need for a sustainable lifestyle, are rarely addressed within police health research. The reason is partly that no specific tool exists to detect the conditions for living a sustainable and healthy lifestyle within this profession. Thus, the study aims to describe the initial steps and process during the development stage, towards creating an instrument targeting conditions for a sustainable and healthy lifestyle of police officers.Several steps were taken during the initial development stages of the instrument. Firstly, the construct ‘conditions for a sustainable and healthy lifestyle of police officers’ was defined by identifying theoretical dimensionality and operationalizing the construct using two focus groups. One focus group included seven occupational therapists skilled in occupational therapy and -science. The other focus group included four persons with knowledge of police officers’ health or work conditions. Secondly, items were identified, selected, and developed, and a draft of items was tested during cognitive interviews, to assess response processes with 28 police officers. Ultimately, the instrument used a content validity approach with nine occupational therapists. A total of 48 persons were enrolled in the study.In summary, our study provides transparency during the initial developmental stage of an instrument with the working name Police Sustainability and Wellness Instrument (PSWI), including its theoretical model and dimensions. The instrument requires additional validation testing, aiming to establish its suitability as a screening tool for the construct, and feasibility testing for its applicability in facilitating self-reflection.
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| 5. |
- Granholm Valmari, Elin, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the life contexts of patrolling police officers in the European Union – A scoping review
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 30:5, s. 585-603
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Patrolling police officers engage in different mentally, socially, and physically challenging life contexts which may affect their life and health. The aim of this scoping review is twofold, to explore life contexts of patrolling officers in the European Union, and to investigate how their lives and health are affected by environmental characteristics within these contexts.Methods: The scoping review followed Arksey and O’Malley’s methodology and included a critical appraisal. The environmental model within Kielhofner’s Model of Human Occupation was used in the thematic analysis. The review was reported following PRISMA-ScR.Results: In the 16 included studies, two contexts (where environments interact with persons on different levels) were discovered: the global and the immediate context. No local contexts were found. Primarily, research on the social, and occupational environments, including qualities identified in these environments were found. However, some environmental characteristics within patrolling officers’ physical environments were also discovered.Discussion: This review contributes to the emerging research area of police officers’ life contexts, by mapping contexts and environments affecting their life and health. However, to get a deeper understanding of how officers are affected by their environments, interviewing them regarding how their different contexts affect their everyday living, would be important.
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| 6. |
- Granholm Valmari, Elin, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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How police officers juggle work, a life partner, and kids
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-1078. ; 14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Police officers frequently encounter stressful social situations during their working days. Furthermore, previous research on policing and families show that police officers’ families are impacted in different ways when at least one member of the family has the role of a police officer. Despite work spilling over to family life there is currently little research on police officers’ role-balancing. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore and describe the challenges that arise at the intersection between police officers’ professional roles and their private life roles as parents and life partners, as well as how police officers balance these roles in between. We used qualitative content analysis after interviewing 13 uniformed police officers. The findings show how the police officers’ professional roles affect their private life roles within three different sub-themes and are summarized under the theme of "Balancing conflicting roles: Coping with professional and private life commitments". The theme revolves around the various challenges of working as a uniformed police officer, such as hypervigilance and risks, as well as the enrichments and conflicts of working shifts while also juggling private life roles. The results also touch on gender and equality in life-partner relationships. The study raises an important question about how these challenges can be mitigated within Police authorities to enable uniformed police officers to balance their professional and personal lives in a healthy and sustainable manner.
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| 7. |
- Granholm Valmari, Elin, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Life contexts among patrolling police officers in the European Union, investigating environmental characteristics and health : a protocol for a scoping review and a systematic review
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 30:7, s. 1135-1142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The police officer occupation is a high-risk profession, with significantly more traumatic and stressful events than other occupations. Key factors for the health of police officers have been found to be related to intra-interpersonal, occupational, and organizational factors. However, the mechanisms underlying why is inconclusive. This protocol therefore intends to explain the approach for conducting both a scoping review, and systematic review. The overall aim of the reviews is to investigate patrolling police officers' life contexts with the intention to identify barriers and resources that affect their lifestyle and health.Methods: The protocol is reported according to the PRISMA-P guidelines, with PROSPERO number: CRD42020190583. Searches will be carried out in SCOPUS, Web of Science, PubMed, OpenGrey, and EBSCO (Academic Search Premiere, APA PsychINFO, CINAHL, SocINDEX). Two independent raters will screen articles and conduct the critical appraisal. Analyses include Arksey and O'Malley's methodology for the scoping review, and a narrative synthesis for the systematic review, including critically appraising the total body of evidence in the systematic review.Discussion: The purpose of the reviews is to understand patrolling police officers' life contexts, and support future development of an assessment that measures patrolling police officers' life balance from a contextual viewpoint.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Nygren, Ulla, 1960-
(författare)
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Individual placement and support (IPS) i en socialpsykiatrisk kontext : en väg till arbete för personer med psykiskt funktionshinder?
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduktion Delaktighet i arbete är för de allra flesta människor en önskad och viktig aktivitet av många olika anledningar, men för personer med en psykisk sjukdom är inklusionen i arbetslivet begränsad. I Sverige är en psykiatrisk diagnos den vanligaste orsaken till sjukskrivning och värst är situationen för unga personer (2011). Det finns ett mycket stort behov av rehabilitering till arbete för personer med en psykisk sjukdom. En metod för detta är Individual Placement and Support (IPS), som internationellt betraktas som den mest effektiva insatsen för att hjälpa dessa personer till anställning. Syftet med denna avhandling är att undersöka IPS i en socialpsykiatrisk kontext med avseende på arbetsrelaterade och icke arbetsrelaterade utfall, prediktorer för anställning och deltagarnas uppfattning om kompetens i vardagen. Ett ytterligare syfte var att beskriva det kvalitativa innehållet i IPS-insatsen ur klienternas och IPS-coachernas perspektiv. Metod Forskningsprojektets kontext utgjordes av två IPS-verksamheter, vilka var organiserade i respektive kommuns socialtjänst som tidsbegränsade projekt. Sextiofem män och kvinnor med olika psykiska sjukdomar som deltog i verksamheternas IPS-program inkluderades i studien. Arbetsrelaterade data rapporterades varannan månad av IPS-coacherna under två års uppföljning och innefattade: typ av sysselsättning och omfattning, typ och omfattning av IPS-insats, samt beskrivningar av vad som underlättat respektive försvårat i arbetet med klienterna. Icke arbetsrelaterade data samlades in vid baseline, vid 12 månader och vid 24 månader: psykiatriska symtom, självkänsla, livskvalitet, generellt psykosocialt fungerande, aktivitetskompetens och aktivitetsvärdering, samt delaktighet. Deltagarna intervjuades också vid 12 och 24 månader. Data analyserades i olika kombinationer i de fyra delstudier som är inkluderade i avhandlingen. Mest användes icke-parametrisk statistik, men också Rasch-analyser. I den sista delstudien tillämpades en kvalitativ fallstudiemetodik. Resultat Tjugofem procent var vid något tillfälle under det första året i anställning och ytterligare 14 procent var engagerade i reguljära studier. Alla utom fyra av deltagarna var vid något tillfälle i sysselsättning i någon form, mestadels i arbetsträning på vanlig arbetsplats. Omfattningen av anställning, studier och arbetsträning under det första året varierade mellan endast en vecka till 41 veckor. En liknande variation fanns i antalet timmar i sysselsättning. Deltagare i någon form av sysselsättning vid 12 månader visade positiva förändringar över tid med avseende på psykiatriska symtom (p=0.000) och psykosocialt fungerande (p=0.000). Dessa personer var också mer tillfredsställda med sin sysselsättningssituation (p=0.009). Tre potentiella prediktorer för anställning kunde identifieras, men bara psykiatriska symtom kvarstod som signifikant på en nivå av p<0.05. En lägre grad av psykiatriska symtom ökade oddset med 5.5 för att uppnå anställning under ett år. Generellt skattade deltagarna värdet av att kunna utföra olika aktiviteter i vardagen högre än hur de skattade sin förmåga att utföra dessa. Kliniskt meningsfulla glapp återfanns bland de mest värderade som handlade om att kunna sköta sin ekonomi och sina grundläggande behov, samt att kunna göra det man tycker om att göra. Flera av de aktiviteter som uppfattades som svårast att utföra är relaterade till förmågor av betydelse för att uppnå anställning. Fallstudien illustrerade komplexa processer i IPS-interventionen. En av dessa visade på betydelsen av reflekterade erfarenheter för klienters omkonstruktion av sina aktivitetsidentiteter och betydelsen av kontinuitet för att kunna göra det. Diskussion Deltagandet i IPS-programmen resulterade i sysselsättningsförändringar för de allra flesta av deltagarna, men proportionen i anställning var låg i jämförelse med de allra flesta internationella resultat. Komplexa processer uppstod på vägen i riktning mot arbete och både i de framgångsrika och mindre framgångsrika fallen, avseende anställning, förändrades personernas upplevelse av sig själva som aktörer. IPS är betraktad som evidensbaserad för personer med allvarlig psykisk sjukdom, vilket vanligen inkluderar personer med schizofreni och andra psykossjukdomar, men den undersökta gruppen av deltagare dominerades av personer med olika tillstånd av ångest och depression och relativt många personer hade neuropsykiatriska diagnoser. I kontrast till många andra studier av IPS, identifierades en lägre grad av psykiatriska symtom utgöra en prediktor för att bli anställd. Deltagarnas uppfattning om aktivitetskompetens och värdering av kompetens visade att det fanns glapp däremellan, som är viktiga att uppmärksamma när insatser ges i syfte att främja utvecklingen av värderad kompetens bland personer med psykiskt funktionshinder. Slutsats Denna avhandling representerar ett av de första försöken att studera IPS i en svensk kontext som kännetecknas av att det är socialtjänsten som är delvis ansvarig för psykiatrisk rehabilitering. Interventionen kan betraktas som användbar, men designen på denna studie tillåter inte att dra slutsatser om dess effektivitet. Genom att samla mer detaljerad information från klienters och IPS-coachers erfarenheter är det möjligt att få syn på processer som uppstår i en IPS-intervention och några av de komponenter som är av speciell betydelse för denna. Konsekvenserna av att ha högre grad av psykiatriska symtom tycks vara en barriär mot att bli anställd. En viktig förutsättning för att kunna förverkliga IPS uppfattas vara koordinerade samarbeten mellan de involverade aktörerna.
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| 10. |
- Nygren, Ulla, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational competence among individuals with psychiatric disabilities in rehabilitation to work
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: Several qualitative studies have described the struggles persons with mental illness face in mastering their occupational challenges when participating in rehabilitation to work. The purpose of this study was to explore the pattern of perceived occupational competence and occupational values among a group of persons with psychiatric disabilities engaged in Individual Placement and Support for rehabilitation to work. Method: The instrument Occupational Self Assessment (OSA), based on the Model of Human Occupation, was used with 65 men and women, mostly younger than 30 years of age and with a mental illness. The ordinal raw scores from three evaluations (baseline, 12 months, 24 months) were analysed using Rasch measurement. Findings: In general, it was easier for the participants to value occupational behaviours as important than to perceive them as being well performed. Among the most valued occupational behaviours, Managing my finances, Managing my basic needs and Doing activities I like, we found clinically meaningful significant gaps between competence and value. Conclusion: Beyond those occupational behaviours valued as most important among the participants, it is also essential to pay attention to the behaviours they perceived as most difficult to perform well, as they can be important competencies for being able to achieve desired occupation.
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