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Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Nyman Jan 1956) ;pers:(Wurm R)"

Sökning: WFRF:(Nyman Jan 1956) > Wurm R

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2.
  • Burnet, N G, et al. (författare)
  • Normal tissue radiosensitivity--how important is it?
  • 1996
  • Ingår i: Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain)). - 0936-6555. ; 8:1, s. 25-34
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The success of radiotherapy in eradicating tumours depends on the total radiation dose, but what limits this dose is the tolerance of the normal tissues within the treatment volume. Selection of the appropriate dose for all patients is based on a balance between minimising the incidence of severe normal tissue complications and maximizing the probability of local control. In patients treated to the same radical dose, a wide range of reactions is seen; in many clinical situations, radical doses are limited by the minority of patients whose normal tissues are particularly sensitive. Clinical studies of radiotherapy reactions have demonstrated that a large part of the spectrum of normal tissue reactions, perhaps as much as 80%, is due to differences in individual normal tissue sensitivity. This suggests that it might be possible to measure this sensitivity and to change treatment accordingly. The main objective of normal tissue sensitivity testing is to permit dose escalation without increased normal tissue complication rates in patients with more resistant normal tissues. Calculations suggest that the most "resistant' 40% of patients could be dose escalated by 17%-18%, which is likely to be associated with significant gains in local control, perhaps by as much as 34%-36%; this should translate into an increase in overall survival. It should also be possible to identify those relatively few patients who suffer serious normal tissue morbidity with conventional doses. Thus, if successful, predictive testing of normal tissue response should improve the therapeutic ratio of radiotherapy.
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3.
  • Burnet, N G, et al. (författare)
  • Prediction of normal-tissue tolerance to radiotherapy from in-vitro cellular radiation sensitivity.
  • 1992
  • Ingår i: Lancet. - 0140-6736. ; 339:8809, s. 1570-1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The success of radiotherapy depends on the total radiation dose, which is limited by the tolerance of surrounding normal tissues. Since there is substantial variation among patients in normal-tissue radiosensitivity, we have tested the hypothesis that in-vitro cellular radiosensitivity is correlated with in-vitro normal-tissue responses. We exposed skin fibroblast cell lines from six radiation-treated patients to various doses of radiation and measured the proportions surviving. There was a strong relation between fibroblast sensitivity in vitro and normal-tissue reactions, especially acute effects. Assessment of radiosensitivity could lead to improved tumour cure rates by enabling radiation doses to be tailored to the individual.
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4.
  • Burnet, N G, et al. (författare)
  • The relationship between cellular radiation sensitivity and tissue response may provide the basis for individualising radiotherapy schedules.
  • 1994
  • Ingår i: Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology. - 0167-8140. ; 33:3, s. 228-38
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • There is a wide variation in normal tissue reactions to radiotherapy and in many situations the severity of these reactions limits radiotherapy dose. Clinical fractionation studies carried out in Gothenburg have demonstrated that a large part of the spectrum of normal tissue reactions is due to differences in individual normal tissue sensitivity. If this variation in normal tissue reactions is due to differences in intrinsic cellular radiosensitivity, it should be possible to predict tissue response based on measurement of cellular sensitivity. Here we report the initial results of a study aimed at establishing whether a direct relationship exists between cellular radiosensitivity and tissue response. Ten fibroblasts strains, including four duplicates, were established from a group of patients in the Gothenburg fractionation trials who had received radiotherapy following mastectomy. Skin doses were measured and both acute and late skin changes were observed following radiotherapy. Right and left parasternal areas were treated with different dose fractionation schedules. Clonogenic assays were used to assess intrinsic cellular radiosensitivity, and all experiments were carried out without prior knowledge of the clinical response, or which strains were duplicates. Irradiation was carried out using 60Co gamma-rays at high dose-rate (HDR) of 1-2 Gy/min and low dose-rate (LDR) of 1 cGy/min. A spectrum of sensitivity was seen, with SF2 values of 0.17-0.28 at HDR and 0.25-0.34 at LDR, and values of D0.01 of 5.07-6.38 Gy at HDR and 6.43-8.12 Gy at LDR. Comparison of the in vitro results with the clinical normal tissue effects shows a correlation between cellular sensitivity and late tissue reactions, which is highly significant with p = 0.02. A correlation between cellular sensitivity and acute effects was noted in the left-sided parasternal fields, but not the right. This is thought to be coincidental, and without biological significance. Our results suggest that cellular sensitivity might form the basis for the development of an assay system capable of predicting late normal tissue effects to curative radiotherapy, which might allow dose escalation in some patients. Increased local control and cure, with unchanged or improved normal tissue complications, could result from such individualised radiotherapy prescriptions.
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  • Resultat 1-5 av 5
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tidskriftsartikel (5)
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refereegranskat (5)
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Nyman, Jan, 1956 (5)
Burnet, N G (4)
Peacock, J H (4)
Turesson, I (2)
Yarnold, J R (2)
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Burnet, NG (1)
Peacock, JH (1)
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Göteborgs universitet (5)
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Medicin och hälsovetenskap (5)

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