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- Dalen, Lars Kristian, et al.
(författare)
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ActiveYou I - a new web-based measure of activity preferences among children with disabilities
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 28:8, s. 598-608
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Children's preferences for activities are one of the most important predictors for participation. Currently no web-based measure of activity preferences exists for children with disabilities. Aim To develop and investigate feasibility and internal consistency of a new web-based measure of activity preferences, ActiveYou I for children with disabilities. Materials and methods The ActiveYou I was developed in three steps using a mixed-methods design. A review of the preferred goal activities of 149 children with disabilities was used to identify relevant activities. A pilot version of ActiveYou I was tested with 341 children with disabilities. Semi-structured group interviews and cognitive interviews were conducted with therapists and children with disabilities. Results Nineteen physical activities were included in the pilot version. The pilot trial resulted in two activities being excluded, and one activity added, leaving the instrument with eighteen activities. Internal consistency was acceptable (Cronbach's alpha >= 0.77). Interviews with therapists and children showed that ActiveYou I included relevant activities and was easy to answer. Conclusion ActiveYou I proves to be a valid and feasible, web-based instrument for mapping activity preferences in children and adolescents with disabilities. Significance Preferences are an important mediator for participation; consequently it is essential to seek activities that match the children's preferences.
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| 2. |
- Miklos, Mette, et al.
(författare)
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How transactional relations contribute to adaptive developmental outcomes when young people with disabilities participate in specially designed group programs − a scoping review
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 29:8, s. 670-685
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Meta-synthesis can enhance our existing knowledge regarding experiences of participation in group-based programs designed for young people with disabilities. Aim: This study aimed to identify the transactional relations between the social contexts in group programs and meaningful personal experiences and developmental processes for young people with disabilities. Method: For this research, 4 electronic data-bases were searched, 3406 citations were reviewed, and 13 qualitative studies describing experiences of participation in specially designed group-based programs from the perspective of young people with disabilities were included. A meta-ethnographic approach was used to synthesise the data, and resulting categories were conceptualised in King et al.'s framework of transactional processes and adaptive development. Results: Nineteen categories across six themes describing: environment, social context, social mechanisms, personal processes, meaningful experiences, and outcomes demonstrated the dynamic interrelation between social context and personal processes. Peer group interaction was essential for exploring capacities and developing strategies. Conclusion: This review highlights the important role of the peer group in transferring program experiences into the everyday life contexts of young people with disabilities. It may assist professionals who are considering the use of peer groups when planning participation-focussed programs aiming to facilitate personal development for young people with disabilities.
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| 3. |
- Muus, Christoph, et al.
(författare)
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Single-cell meta-analysis of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes across tissues and demographics
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 27:3, s. 546-559
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and accessory proteases (TMPRSS2 and CTSL) are needed for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cellular entry, and their expression may shed light on viral tropism and impact across the body. We assessed the cell-type-specific expression of ACE2, TMPRSS2 and CTSL across 107 single-cell RNA-sequencing studies from different tissues. ACE2, TMPRSS2 and CTSL are coexpressed in specific subsets of respiratory epithelial cells in the nasal passages, airways and alveoli, and in cells from other organs associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission or pathology. We performed a meta-analysis of 31 lung single-cell RNA-sequencing studies with 1,320,896 cells from 377 nasal, airway and lung parenchyma samples from 228 individuals. This revealed cell-type-specific associations of age, sex and smoking with expression levels of ACE2, TMPRSS2 and CTSL. Expression of entry factors increased with age and in males, including in airway secretory cells and alveolar type 2 cells. Expression programs shared by ACE2(+)TMPRSS2(+) cells in nasal, lung and gut tissues included genes that may mediate viral entry, key immune functions and epithelial-macrophage cross-talk, such as genes involved in the interleukin-6, interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor and complement pathways. Cell-type-specific expression patterns may contribute to the pathogenesis of COVID-19, and our work highlights putative molecular pathways for therapeutic intervention. An integrated analysis of over 100 single-cell and single-nucleus transcriptomics studies illustrates severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 viral entry gene coexpression patterns across different human tissues, and shows association of age, smoking status and sex with viral entry gene expression in respiratory cell populations.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Willis, Claire, et al.
(författare)
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Enabling physical activity participation for children and youth with disabilities following a goal-directed, family-centred intervention
- 2018
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Ingår i: Research in Developmental Disabilities. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0891-4222 .- 1873-3379. ; 77, s. 30-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background There is a paucity of research demonstrating the optimisation and maintenance of participation outcomes following physical activity interventions for children and youth with disabilities. Aim: To evaluate changes in physical activity participation in children with disabilities following a goal-directed, family-centred intervention at a healthsports centre, and to identify factors influencing participation following the intervention. Methods and procedures: A mixed methods pre-test post-test cohort design was applied. Recruitment occurred over a 12 month period during standard clinical service provision. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) was administered to children and parents pre (T1) and post-intervention (T2), and at 12 weeks follow-up (T3). Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) was applied to assess outcomes at 12 weeks follow-up (T2 T3). Qualitative inquiry described barriers to goal attainment at T3. Outcomes and results: Ninety two children with a range of disabilities (mean age 11.1yr; 49 males) were included in the study. Statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in parent ratings of COPM performance and satisfaction of participation goals were observed following intervention. Ratings at 12 weeks follow-up remained significantly higher than baseline, and 32% of children attained their COPM-derived GAS goal. Environmental factors were the most frequent barrier to goal attainment following intervention. Conclusion and implications: These results provide preliminary evidence for goal-directed, family centred interventions to optimise physical activity participation outcomes for children with disabilities.
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